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1、Section Grammar动词动词ing 形式形式 ()和动词不定式作宾语和动词不定式作宾语 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句后自主感悟 1. .Having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school. 2. .Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it. 3. .This weekend, having thought about the situation for a while, I decided to ask
2、Roy about the theft. 4. .Ill never forget meeting her.She was so kind to me. 5. .I wont forget to meet her after school. 6. .Remember to keep in touch when you go away. 7. .Do you remember going to school for the first time？ 1.前三个例句中动词ing 形式的完成式 在句中作状语，后四个例句中动词ing 形式与动词不定式均作宾语。 2.动词ing 形式的完成式作状语时，其
3、表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，其逻 辑主语是句子的主语。 3.句 4 和句 7 中作宾语的动词ing 形式 的动作已经发生，句 5 和句 6 中作宾语 的动词不定式的动作尚未发生。 一、动词ing 形式的完成式作状语 动词ing 形式的完成式的构成为 having done；否定式为 not having done；被 动式为 having been done。 动词ing 形式的完成式表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词表示的动作之前， 常 在句中作时间、原因、让步状语等，可转换成相应的状语从句。 Having written the letter, he went to post it. Afte
4、r he had written the letter, he went to post it. 写完信后，他去寄走它。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination. Because he hadn t studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination. 因为没有努力学习，所以他考试不及格。 Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. Although h
5、e had been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 已经被告知多次，他仍犯同样的错误。 名师点津 动词ing 形式的一般式和完成式作状语的区别 (1)动词ing 形式的一般式作状语时所表示的动作与主句谓语动作同时或几 乎同时发生，常表示时间、条件、原因或结果等。 (2)动词ing 形式的完成式作状语时所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前， 常表示时间或原因。 Seeing those pictures，he couldnt help thinking of those days in Yanan. 当他看到那些图片时，就
6、禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。 Having got our tickets，we drove to the airport to board the plane. 买到机票之后，我们就开车到机场登机。 即时训练 1 用动词ing 形式完成句子 Having left the key in my office(把钥匙忘在办公室了)，I had to go back and get it. Not having completed the project(还没完成这个项目), they wont stop to have a rest. Walking along the street(在街上散
7、步时), he came across an old friend. 二、动词ing 形式与动词不定式作宾语 1下列动词(短语)跟动词ing 形式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀： 建议考虑坚持练，(suggest，advise，consider，insist on, practise) 允许想象弃冒险，(permit，allow，imagine，give up，risk) 阻止抵抗否逃脱，(prevent，resist，deny，escape) 不禁介意保持完，(cant help，mind，keep，finish) 耽误推迟求原谅，(delay，put off，require，forgive，ex
8、cuse) 承认错过欣喜欢。(admit，miss，appreciate，enjoy) I suggest going out to have a rest after studying for one hour. 我建议在学习一小时之后出去，休息一下。 He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity. 他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。 名师点津 advise, allow, forbid, permit 等动词后可直接跟动词in
9、g 形式作宾语，也可 跟不定式作补语。 We dont allow eating in the classroom. 我们不允许在教室里吃饭。 You cant allow fear to impact how you operate. 你不能让恐惧影响你的行为方式。 2下列动词跟动词不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀： 同意提出作计划，(agree，offer，intend，plan) 要求答应来帮忙。(demand，promise，help) 准备决定遭拒绝，(prepare，decide，refuse) 敢于选择有希望。(choose，wish，hope，want，expect) 不能做到莫
10、假装，(fail，pretend) 设法做成决心强。(manage，determine) 恳求安排又威胁，(beg，arrange，threaten) 声称目标不犹豫。(claim，aim，hesitate) We agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。 They managed to finish the work on time. 他们设法按时完成了工作。 3可接动词ing 形式和不定式作宾语且意义差别不大的动词 (1)hate，love，like，prefer 等动词后接
11、不定式和动名词作宾语时，意义虽相 同，内涵却有些区别接不定式作宾语时，多表示一次性的、具体的动作；接 动名词作宾语时，多表示习惯性的、一般性的动作。 I like swimming, , but I dont like to swim in this river. 我喜欢游泳，但是我不喜欢在这条河里游泳。 (2)begin，start，continue 等少数几个动词后接动名词或不定式作宾语时意义 基本相同。但如果 begin，start 等用于进行时态，或其主语是物而非人时，须用 不定式。 Tom began to learn/learning how to use a computer.
12、汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。 She was starting to do her homework. 她正开始做作业。 4既可以接动词ing 形式又可以接动词不定式作宾语，且含义不同的常见 动词 remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事 remember to do sth.记住去做某事) forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事) stop doing sth.停止正做的事 stop to do sth.停下来做另外一件事（此处不定 式作状语） ) mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth
13、.打算做某事) regret doing sth.后悔已经做过某事 regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事) try doing sth.试着做某事 try to do sth.努力做某事) go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 go on to do sth.完成一件事，接着做另一件事) cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事 cant help （to） do sth.不能帮着做某事) Dont you remember telling me the story yesterday? 难道你不记得昨天告诉我这个故事了吗？ Please remember to
14、 give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。 At the amusing performance, the audience couldn t help laughing. 看到这滑稽的表演，观众们不禁笑了起来。 Im busy studying, so I can t help (to) do the housework. 我忙着学习，所以不能帮忙做家务劳动。 名师点津 need，want，require 作“需要”讲，且句子的主语和谓语动词后的非谓语 动词之间是被动关系时，这些动词后面可接 v.ing 形式的主动式，也可接不定 式
15、的被动式。 The windows need cleaning. The windows need to be cleaned. 窗户需要擦了。 即时训练 2 完成句子 I promise to do(答应做) everything I can do to help you. I got up very early this morning to avoid missing(避免错过) the flight. This plant needs watering/to be watered(需要浇水) twice a week. .单句语法填空 1Having succeeded(succeed
16、) in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one. 2Not having read (not read) all the required papers, he didnt answer the questions in class. 3Having been told(tell) many times, he still didnt know how to do it. 4Try knocking(knock) at the back door and see whe
17、ther he is in or not. 5After finishing her homework, my sister went on to do(do) some housework. 6To be frank, I am considering going(go) to Swaziland for my winter holiday. 7Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs doing/to be done(do) to achieve the final success. 8My grandfather always fo
18、rgets to take the keys but he always says that he remembers taking them.(take) 9Having spent(spend) some time in the city, Linda had no trouble in finding the way to the Natural History Park. 10 Seeing Jenny burst into tears, I deeply regretted mentioning/having mentioned(mention) the bad news to he
19、r. .单句改错 1Yesterday afternoon, helped me finish my homework, Mom started to do housework.helped 前加 having 2Please remember bring me the book I want next time.remember 后加 to 3I appreciate you helped me out of the trouble, Sir.helpedhelping 4 She cant help cleaning the house because she is busy making
20、 a cake.cleaningclean 5As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area need repaired.repairedrepairing 6Even if I risk lose everything, I wont give up trying.loselosing 7Its obvious that she loves admired by young people.admired 前加 being 8When it comes to speak in public, no one can match him.speakspeaking 9I wonder if you mind me stay out late, Mum.staystaying 10Having informed of the decision, I decided to make preparations.informed 前加 been