大学英语B复习.pdf

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1、第一部分总体复习要求 为帮助考生进一步地熟悉和掌握与统考相关的内容和技巧,我 们对前几次统考试题(如难易度、重难点等)进行了分析,并结 合新的考试大纲及新的统考用书大学英语 (B 部分 )的要求,组 织编写了该复习指导资料。 该复习指导资料基本按照统考题型分板块讲解(包括各部分的 考试要求、答题技巧、典型试题分析以及归类讲解统考用书B 部 分 6 套模拟题中试题) 。因此, 这是专门为广大考生编写的一个针 对全国网络英语统考的复习指导资料。 考生应在认真学习和掌握该资料的基础上,再回过头来做统考 用书中 B 部分的 6 套模拟题,这样才能确保考生在考试中遇到统 考用书中出现的原题或相同知识点的

2、试题时能够顺利完成,同时 也为考生能够通过统考增添一份信心。 第二部分考试内容复习指导 . 交际用语 B 统考试题中的第一部分,目的是检测考生在不同的 情境中运用英语进行交际的能力。该部分以选择题形式出题,包括10 个小题,每题1 2 分,共 10 分,考试建议时间为10 分钟。在复习该部分知识时,注意以下两个方面: 一、解题技巧 (一)探索答语的规律 在学习、使用和复习交际用语部分时,大家要掌握使用交际用语的几个原则: A. 礼貌原则 无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/ 情感,发话 / 发问和应答都要有礼貌,即使表达不 同看法或批评意见,也要委婉间接表达,使对方听起来不刺耳,例如: Do you

3、 think I can use your car for one day? I m afraid not . A. I m afraid not. B. No, you cant. C. I wont let you do that.D. Absolutely not. 解析: 此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车一用”,对方如果不能答应,应该委婉 地表示拒绝。因此选A。 礼貌原则还表现在拒绝一个请求的方式上:一种是委婉地回绝,上面例子“I m afraid not”就是这种情况;另一种是先表同意,然后用“but”来个转折,表达出不同意的意 思。例如: I would like to,but

4、 That s a good idea ,but B. 利他原则 在日常交际中,英语国家人民形成了一种习俗, 即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便, 对别人遇到的好事 / 成功要表示高兴, 坏事要表示难过 / 惋惜,因此在交际用语中也要体 现出来这种倾向,例如: I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam? sorry ,I am new here too/ but you can ask the policeman over there . A. No, you dont know B. I dont k

5、now. C. Yes, you will. D. Sorry, I am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there. 解析: 此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路,按照利他原则,应尽可能为对方提供帮助和 方便。所以选 D,首先表示歉意,自己也不知道,同时给出一些有帮助的建议。 C. 文化遵从原则 在选择交际用语时,大家要有跨文化视角,也就是说,要克服本民族的习惯思维和 应答模式,要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如: Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John? th

6、ank you , he is fine. . A. Thank you very much B. No, no, John is not bad C. Thank you. He is fine D. Don t say that. Its ugly. John is good 解析: 按照英美国家的文化,当受到他人的赞扬时,应该真诚地表示感谢,这也是对说 话人的尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等,反而就不礼貌了,这与中 国人的习惯和思维不太一样,所以选C。 (二)排除法 我们发现,交际用语部分试题的选项中,错误选项不但错得比较明显,而且有一定 3 规律可循,这为我们在解题时使用排

7、除法提供了机会。错项的类型大体有:A. 选项本 身语法错误; B.选项议题与谈话主题无关;C.选项明显违反上述三原则;D. 选项虽然 与谈话主题有关,但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点;例如: 1) Mary, are you and your husband busy this weekend? no ,we re not . A. this weekend we may go to cinema B. No, we re not C. Oh, its none of your business D. Welcome to our party 讲解: Mary 的问题包含了“忙不忙”的询

8、问,她可能想邀请对方作点什么。选项A 属 于上述 D 的情况,虽然与提问句的主题有关,但并未直接提供“忙”还是“不忙”的 信息; C 回答很不客气,显然违反礼貌原则;D 与谈话主题无关,最后只剩下B 是答 案。 2) You are not the manager here, are you? yes,I am . A. Yes, Im not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am D. No, not at all 讲解:选项 A,B 都属于本身语法错误,不看发问句也可以排除。D 语法无错,但不 能提供发问句要求的信息,属错项,答案是C。 通过对近几次统考试题的分析,我们发现交际

9、用语的考查形式多样:既有给出第 一句问语,选答语的情况;也有给出答语,选第一句问语的情况(当然前者居多)。还 有一些新的考查形式:如给出问语或答语的一部分,让考生补充完整问语或答语。事实 上,这就给了考生更多的提示,缩小了选择的范围,在一定程度上降低了试题的难度。 在做类似考题时,应抓住题干中已有文字提供的信息,选择最符合题意的选项,排除干 扰项。 例如: 3)Would you like another slice of Christmas cake? no more,thanks I m full. A. Yes, please. B. No more, thanks. C. Why no

10、t? D. Nothing more. 讲解:第一说话人询问对方 “你要不要再吃一块圣诞蛋糕?” ,根据答者的第二句话I m full.“我吃饱了”,推断出前一句的答语应该是No more, thanks“吃不下了,谢谢”。而 选项 A,C 表示接受邀请, D 表示“没有什么(要说 /做)的了”,均不符合题意,可直 接排除。所以选 B。 二、交际用语模拟试题讲解 交际用语在统考试题中,考察题型主要可分为以下三类:询问类试题, 约占该部分 考题 36.7%了; 看法类试题, 约占该部分考题 26.7%;功能类用语试题,约 占该部分考 题 36.6%。在下面的讲解中,我们按照这种分类,先总结每类交

11、际用语的常用句型 ,然 后列举典型示例 (部分示例选自 大学英语 (B)六套模拟题中的相关交际用语试题) 。 三大类试题中各小类按在考试中出现的频率,从高到低排序进行讲解。 同学们在复习备 考时,应尽量记住统考用书中类似题例,记住几乎就等于得分10%。 (一) 询问类 1、 请求允许和应答 第一: A. 提出请求 May /Can /could I use (borrow/take/ask/see) ?(我可以用 /借/问 /看, 吗?) I wonder /I am wondering if? (不知道我能否 , ? ) Would you please ?(能请你 , 吗?) 4 Do y

12、ou think ? (你是否认为 , ?) B. 回答请求 同意 Sure./Certainly./Of course. / By all means./ Yes, do please. / Here you are. / Help yourself. (可以/当然/拿去 /请便。 ) 回绝 I m afraid(我恐怕 ,) I m sorry, but(对不起,但是 ,) I m sorry you can t. /You d better not. (很抱歉,不行。 /你最好别这样。 ) 【典型示例】 1) Could I borrow your car for a few days?

13、 ( 大学英语(B)Test 3, 3 ) Sure,here you are .Enjoy your journey . A. Yes, you may borrow. B. Yes, go on. C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey . D. It doesn t matter. 答案: C 2) I wonder if I could use your computer tonight? sure ,go ahead I m not using it right now. ( 大学英语 (B)Test 6, 1) A. Sure, go a

14、head. B. I don t know. C. It doesnt matter. D. Who cares 答案: A 第二: A. 提出请求 Do / Would you mind if I / my doing (你是否介意 , ?) B. 回答请求 同意 No,I don t mind./ Of course not. / Not at all. (不介意 ./当 然不介意 /一点 也不介意 ) Please do./ Go ahead, please./ OK. (行,做吧。 ) 不同意 Yes, I do. (我介意 ) 【典型示例】 1)Would you mind chan

15、ging seats with me? no ,I don t mind ( 大学英语(B)Test 4, 9 ) A. Yes, you can. B. Of course, I like to. C. No, I don t mind. D. Certainly, please do. 答案: C 2)Do you mind my smoking here? Yes,I do ( 大学英语(B)Test 5, 3 ) A. No, thanks. B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, I d rather not. D. Good idea. 答案: B 3)Do you mind

16、if I read the newspaper on the table? Go ahead, please A. Good news for you B. Go ahead, please C. Yes, sure D. No, I cant 5 答案: B。在用 mind 句型征求对方的意见时,如果表示同意,也可明确表示please do/ 做吧, Go ahead, please./ 行 。 2、 邀请与应答 A. 提出邀请 Would you like to ? Will /Can you come to ?(你能来参加 , 吗?) I d like to invite you to

17、. (我想邀请你 ,) B. 回答邀请 同意 Yes / thank you, I d love to. (谢谢,我愿意。 ) Yes, it s very kind of you. (愿意,你太好了。 ) That would be very nice. (那太好了。 ) 回绝 Thanks/Sorry,I(非常感谢 /抱歉,我 ,) I d like to but/ I d love to but(我很愿意去,但是,) 【典型示例】 1)Can you go to the concert with us this evening? I d love to,but I m busy toni

18、ght. ( 大学英语(B)Test 4, 2 ) A. No, I already have plans. B. I d love to, but I m busy tonight. C. No, I really don t like being with you. D. I m ill, so I shouldn t go out. 答案: B 2) We are going to have a dancing party tonight. Would you like to join us? Yes,it s very kind of you A. Yes, its very kind

19、 of youB. Of course not. I have no idea C. No, I cant D. That s all set 答案: A 3、 提供帮助及应答 A. 提供帮助 Can I help you / What can I do for you ?(有什么可以为您效劳吗?) Would you like me to help you with , ? (我能帮您做 , 吗?) B. 应答 接受帮助 Thanks. That would be nice./ It s so nice of you. (多谢,那太好了 ) Thank you for your help.

20、(感谢你的帮助 ) 礼貌地回绝 No, thanks./ That s ok. I can manage it myself. (谢谢,不用了。我能处理) 【典型示例】 1)This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs. Let me give you a hand ( 大学英语(B)Test 5, 5 ) A. You may ask for help. B. Let me give you a hand. C. Please do me a favor. D. I d come to help 答案: B 2)Can I help you w

21、ith your suitcase?. That s ok . I can manage 6 A. That s OK. I can manageB. Its not very light C. I can help you with it D. Put it down on the ground 答案: A 4、 问 路 A. 询问道路 Excuse me, can you tell me the way to ? Excuse me, where is / how can I get to?(抱歉,请问去 , 怎么走呢?) Is this right(the right way to)?(

22、请问这是去 , 的路吗?) B. 回答 当知道对方询问的道路,就一定要给出具体信息 Go down(up)the street. /Turn right (left)(顺着街道往上 /下走。在 , 右/左 转。) Go straight ahead till you see (往前直走直到你看见,) It s on the right(left) corner just ahead. (在前面右边 /左边转角处。 ) 当不知道对方询问的道路,抱歉地说明原委 Sorry,I don t know. Sorry, I m a stranger here. (抱歉,我不知道。 ) 【典型示例】 Ex

23、cuse me, but can you tell me the way to the post office? sorry , I m a stranger here ( 大学英语(B)Test 3, 9 ) A. Don t ask that. B. Sorry, I m a stranger here. C. No, I can t say that. D. No, you re driving too fast. 答案: B 5、 询问具体信息 A. 询问 询问的主题为:时间、地点、距离、费用、人物、事件、频率等。 Who/ What/ When/ Where (何人 /何事/何时 /

24、何地 , ) How long/How often/How many(时间多长或距离多远 /频率/数量多少 , ) B. 回答: 直扣主题,提供对方需要的信息。注意: 特殊疑问句的答语通常针对特殊疑问词做出具体的回答。 一般疑问句通常用yes和 no 来回答,时态人称要一致。 当 情态动 词 must 引 起一 般 问 句: 必 须 吗 ? , 其否 定回 答通 常 用 you neednt/don t have to 表示 没有必要 。 选择疑问句是问话者提供两个或两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问句,答语应做 出一个明确的选择。 反意问句的答语应根据实际情况确定:内容是肯定的,就用yes,其后

25、则跟肯定 句 ;内容是否定的,则用no,其后则跟否定句。 【典型示例】 1)Paul, who s talking over there ? ( 大学英语( B)Test 3, 4 ) Oh, that s my father! And beside him, my mother. A. what is the person over there B. who s talking over there C. what are they doing D. which is that 答案: B 7 2)Howoften do you go dancing? every other day ( 大

26、学英语(B)Test 2, 7 ) A. I will go dancing tomorrow. B. Yesterday . C. Every other day . D. I ve been dancing for a year. 答案: C,意为“每隔一天去跳一次舞。 ” 3)Are there any drug-stores around here? yes,there is one on the left corner A. Yes, there is one on the left corner B. Yes, it is C. No, it isnt D. Oh, you mus

27、t have a cold 答案: A 4)Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water? I d rather stay here if you don t mind ( 大学英语 (B) Test 4, 10 ) A. I d rather stay here if you don t mind. B. Sorry, I don t like neither. C. Certainly, why not? D. Yes, we like these two places. 答案: A 5)Must I take

28、 a taxi? No, you don t have to . You can take my car. ( 大学英语( B) Test 4, 4 ) A. had better to B. don t C. must not D. don t have to 答案: D (二)看法类 1、 表达惊讶,喜悦 第一:惊讶 Really?/ Is that so? / Oh dear! / Good heavens! (真的? / 哎呀! /天哪 !) 第二:喜悦 That s nice /wonderful/ great !(真好!) 【典型示例】 1)Ed said that his boy

29、 fell off tree. oh dear ! I hope he wasn t hurt A. Oh dear! I hope he wasnt hurt B. Oh, no. A luck boy C. He might have broken his arm D. Nothing serious 答案: A 2)You know, I have three kids now. that s terrific ( 大学英语(B)Test 2, 8 ) A. Well, I ve grown a mustache. B. That s terrific! C. Say , you ve

30、really changed your hair. D. Well, I gave up drinking. 答案: B,意为“太棒了!” 2、 表示附和、赞同 第一:附和与赞同 Yes, I think so. (是的,我也这样认为。 ) I agree (with you). (我同意你的看法。 ) I can t agree with you more. 。(我非常同意。 ) 第二:不赞同 No, I don t think so. (我不这样认为。 ) I m afraid not. 8 I can t agree with you. (我不同意你的看法。 ) 【典型示例】 Is it

31、 possible for you to work late tonight? ( 大学英语(B)Test 6, 4 ) A. I like it. B. I ll do that. C. I d love to. D. I think so. 答案: D C表示肯定,否定 3、 表示肯定与否 I m sure. /I m not sure.(我确定。 /我不确定。 ) Maybe / Perhaps (或许 ,) 【典型示例】 1)Are you sure about that? oh yes, I m absolutely positive A. You needn t worry abo

32、ut that B. I like the idea C. Oh, no. Im afraid of that D. Oh yes, Im absolutely positive 答案: D 2)My camera isn t working properly. A. Maybe there s something wrong with it B. Here, have a look C. I have no idea about it D. There isn t anything at all 答案: A 4、 表示喜好、厌恶 I likevery much. (我很喜欢 ,) I don

33、 t like(hate)(我不喜欢 /讨厌 ,) So do I. / Neither do I. (我也 ,/我也不 ,) 【典型示例】 1) What do you think about this story ? I like it very much A. Thank you for telling me about the story B. Yes, its a real story C. I like it very much D. So do I 答案: C 2)I don t like the sports programs on Sundays. neither do I

34、A. So do I B. Neither do I C. So am I D. Neither am I 答案:B,当第一说话人对问题的看法是肯定、赞同的,用 So do I . 表示自己同样赞同 的态度;当第一说话人对问题的看法是否定、不赞同的,用Neither do I. 表达 自己同样不赞同的态度。 (三)功能类 1、 打电话 A. 发话方 Hello!May/Could/Can I speak to ? Is in/over there? (你好!请找某某接电话好吗?) 9 B. 受话方 当你就是对方要找的听话人时: This is (speaking). Speaking. (我就

35、是某某,请讲。 ) Who is that (speaking)? (你是哪位 ?) 当对方要找的人不在场时,需要去叫他/她 Hold on, please/One moment. (I ll get him/her.) (请稍等,我去叫他 /她。) 当对方要找的人不在或不能接电话时, Sorry, he is busy at the moment. Sorry, he isn t here / is out right now. (对不起,他 /她不在 /现在忙 ,) (Can I take a message for you?) (我能替你捎个话吗 ?) 当发现对方拨错电话号码时, I m

36、 afraid you ve got the wrong number. (我想你拨错号码了。 ) 【典型示例】 1)Hello, I m Harry Potter. Hello, my name is Charles Green, but call me charles ( 大学英语 (B)Test 1, 3 ) A. call my Charles B. call me at Charles C. call me Charles D. call Charles me 答案: C 2)Could I speak to Don Watkins, please? ( 大学英语(B)Test 3,

37、 2 ) A. I m listening B. Oh, how are you? C. Speaking, please. D. I m Don. 答案: C 2、 购 物 A. 售货员 Can/May I help you?/ What can I do for you. (你想买点什么呢 ?) B. 顾客 I want/I d like /I need(我想买 ,) Thanks. I m just having a look.(谢谢,我只是看看 ) 【典型示例】 What can I do for you? I want a kilo of pears ( 大学英语(B)Test 3,

38、 8 ) A. I want a kilo of pears. B. You can do in your own way . C. Thanks. D. Excuse me. I m busy. 答案: A 3、 就餐 第一: A. 服务员 What would you like (to have)? Would you like something (to eat/ to drink)?(你想吃点 /喝点什么吗 ?) Are you ready to order ?(可以点 , 了吗?) B. 顾客 10 I d like (我想要 ,) No, thanks. (不用,谢谢。 ) 第二:

39、 A. 主人 Please help yourself to some (请吃点 ,) B. 客人 Just a little, please. (就一点,谢谢。 ) Thank you. I have had enough. / I don t like (谢谢,我吃饱了。 /我不太喜欢 ,) 【典型示例】 1)Would you like to order now? yes . I d like fish and soup A. I m full now B. Yes. Id like fish and soup C. But the price is high D. Its very k

40、ind of you 答案: B 2)Please help yourself to the seafood thanks,but I don t like the seafood ( 大学英语(B)Test 4, 1 ) A. No, I can t. B. Sorry, I can t help. C. Well, seafood don t suit for. D. Thanks, but I don t like the seafood. 答案: D 3)Have you got a table for four, Waiter ? yes,sure. This way ,please

41、. A. We are going to restaurant B. Yes, sure. This way , please C. We have booked the seats D. Here are the menus. 答案: B 4、 祝愿、祝贺与应答 第一:祝愿 A. 表达祝愿 Good luck!/Have a good time. /Wish you success. (祝你好运! /祝你愉快! /祝你成功 !) B. 回答 Thank you. The same to you. /Y ou too. (谢谢!你也一样。 ) 第二:祝贺 A. I won the first

42、/ I got A (我获得第一名 /我取得 A 等,) B. 表达祝贺 (Well done!) Congratulations (on ,)! (干得好!祝贺你,) A. 回答 Thank you. (谢谢。 ) 【典型示例】 1)I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A. congratulations! That s difficult course ( 大学英语 ( B) Test 3, 10 ) A. Don t worry about it. B. Congratulations! That s a diff

43、icult course. C. Mr. Brown is very good. D. Good luck to you! 11 答案: B 2)Tomorrow is my birthday. many happy returns of the day ( 大学英语(B)Test 5, 8 ) A. Oh, I have no idea. B. I m glad you like it. C. Many happy returns of the day! D. You must be very happy . 答案: C,意为“祝你长命百岁! ” 5、 赞美与应答 A. How beauti

44、ful/How lovely (此类句子表达说话人对对方的住房、 家 具、衣物、发型、小孩等表示赞扬欣 赏。) B. Thank you. (谢谢。 ) 【典型示例】 That s a beautiful dress you have on! oh,thanks . I got it yesterday ( 大学英语(B)Test 1, 6 ) A. Oh, thanks. I got it yesterday . B. Sorry, it s too cheap. C. You can have it D. See you later. 答案: A 6、 遗憾、歉意与应答 第一:遗憾 I m

45、 sorry to hear it. (听到这个我很遗憾。 ) What a pity! / It s a pity that(, 真是太遗憾了。) 【典型示例】 I have got a pain in my neck. I m sorry to hear that A. Yes, I agree B. Yes, you are quite right C. I m sorry to hear thatD. I m feeling sick 答案: C 第二:歉意 A. 表达歉意 I m sorry(抱歉 ,) B. 应答 That s all right. / That s ok. Tha

46、t s nothing. / It doesn t matter. (没关系。 ) 【典型示例】 Oh, sorry to bother you. that s okay ( 大学英语(B)Test 3, 10 ) A. That s Okay . B. No, you can t C. That s good. D. Oh, I don t know. 答案: A 7、 感谢与应答 A. 表达感谢 12 Thanks a lot! / Thank you (very much).(多谢!) It s very kind of you (to help me). (你真是太好了。 ) B. 回

47、答 Not at all. / That s all right. You re welcome. /My pleasure. (不客气。不用谢。 ) 【典型示例】 1)Thanks for your help. my plasure ( 大学英语(B)Test 1, 2 ) A. My pleasure. B. Never mind. C. Quite right. D. Don t thank me. 答案: A 2)Thank you for inviting me. thank you for coming ( 大学英语(B)Test 3, 4 ) A. I really had a

48、happy time. B. Oh, it s too late C. Thank you for coming D. Oh, so slowly? 答案: C 8、 看病 第一: A. 医生 What s the matter/problem? What s wrong with you? (你哪儿不舒服 ?) B. 病人 I feel terrible. (我觉得不舒服。 ) There s something wrong with my leg. (我腿出了的点问题。 ) I ve got a high temperature/pain here. (我发烧 /这里疼。 ) 第二: A. 病人 Is there anything serious?(严重吗 ?) B. 医生 No/ Nothing serious.(不/没什么问题。 ) Take this medicine three times a day . Youll be all right soon. (一天吃三次药。你很快就会 好。) Just have a rest

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