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1、八年级上册各单元重点知识归纳和练习巩固 Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 词组 1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯 9. take m
2、ore exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month 一月一次 13. twice a week 一周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响 15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though 虽然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 19. as for至于 20. activity survey
3、活动调查 21. do homework 做家庭作业 22. do house work 做家务事 23. eat less meat 吃更少的肉 24. junk food 垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for 对什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth 想某人做某事 29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school 放学回家 31. of course = certainly = sure当然 32. get good grades 取
4、得好成绩 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不 35. keep/be in good health 保持健康 36.be stressed 紧张的，有压力的 37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回来 Section A 1. How often 多久 (一次 ) How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次身体？ How often does your mother go shopping? 你妈妈多久购一次物？ 【区别】 How often 和 How many
5、 times How often 用来提问某个动作间隔多久发生一次，即询问动作发生的频率。通常对一些表示频率的副 词进行提问；也可以对频度短语进行提问。 How many times 意思是“多少次”，是用来提问做某事的次数的，往往就once, twice, three times 等 词语进行提问。 典型例题： 1）Li Ming does his homework every day. （就划线部分提问） How often does Li Ming do his homework? 解析： every day 属于频度短语，就频度短语提问用How often. 2）The old man
6、 went to the zoo three times this year. （就划线部分提问） How many times did the old man go to the zoo this year? 解析： 这里就次数提问用how many times. 2. hardly 几乎不，简直不 There are hardly any students in the classroom.几乎没有学生在教室里。 There is hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空中几乎没有云。 【区别】 hardly 与 hard hardly 不是 hard 加后辍所构成的，它
7、是副词，常与can或 any 连用。 hard 可用作形容词，意思为“艰难的，困难的，勤奋的”可等同于“ difficult ” 。它也可用作副词，意 思是“努力地，刻苦地，猛烈地”。 典型例题： 1) 学好英语不难。（翻译成英语） 解析 : 答案是 It s not hard to learn English. 这里 hard 为形容词，艰难的，困难的。 2) We must (努力学习 ). 解析：在英语中努力学习或努力工作，我们常用work hard 来表示，这里 hard 是副词，修饰前面的动词work. 故答案为： work hard Section B 知识要点 1. 【区别】 m
8、aybe, may be maybe 是副词，意思是“也许，可能”，相当于perhaps, 常用于句首。如： Maybe he will call you tomorrow. 或许他明天给你打电话。 may be 是由情态动词may 和系动词be 构成， 译成汉语为 “可能是” ，在句中作谓语。 如：Tom may be at home. 汤姆可能在家。 Maybe 和 may be 有时可以互相转换。如：Maybe he is right. 可等同于： He may be right. 2. although 的用法 although 表示“虽然”，是从属连词，引导让步状语从句，语气较重，且
9、比较正式，所引导的从句放 在主句前后均可，可用though 替换。注意： though/ although 不能和 but 同时出现在一个句子中，但可以和 yet 连用。如： Although/Though it is snowing, it is not very cold.=It is snowing, but it is not very cold.= Although/ Though it is snowing, yet it is not very cold. 虽然下着雪，但并不是很冷。 随堂达标 一、单项选择 1. My mother told me _ you anything.
10、 A. tell not B. not tell C. to not tell D. not to tell 2. “ I ll try mistakes again. ” She said. A. don t make B. not to make C. not make D. to not make 3. Would you like to eat? A. something healthy B. anything healthy C. something health D. healthy something 4. Doing morning exercises your health.
11、 A. is bad to B. is good for C. is bad for D. is good to 5. he works very hard, he fails. A. Because B. Since C. if D. Although 二、用单词的适当形式填空。 1. A lot of vegetables help you _ (keep) in good health. 2. My mother wants me _ (drink) some milk every day. 3. His _ (eat) habits are pretty good, so he s v
12、ery healthy. 4. You must try _ (eat) less meat. 5. Good sleep can help you to study _ (well). 三、完成句子。 1. 妈妈想让我天天喝牛奶。 My mother wants me _ _ _ every day. 2. 天天跑步对我们的健康有好处。 Running every day is _ _ our health. 3. 我努力吃大量的蔬菜。 I _ _ _ a lot of vegetables. 4. 我健康的生活方式帮着我取得好成绩。 My healthy lifestyle helps m
13、e _ _ _. 5. 我相当健康。 I m _ _. 6. 你多久吃一次垃圾食品？ _ _ do you eat _ food? 四、短文填空。 A: Hello, Sally. Welcome to my house. B: Thank you. A: (1)_ you like a cup of tea? B: Yes, please. A: Would you like some fruit? B: Some bananas , please . It s my (2)_. A: Eating fruit is good (3)_ your health . (4)_ (5)_ do
14、you eat fruit? B: Every day. A: It s a good eating (6)_. Eating a lot of vegetables and fruit can help you (7)_ good grades. They can help you to study better. B: You are (8)_. A: Oh, (9)_ (10)_ do you play ? B: I often play basketball. A: Oh, good. Let s play together. B: OK. Let s go. 五、语法练习 1. Sh
15、e does her homework at school.(变成否定句 ) She _ _ her homework at school. 2. He reads English books every day. ( 变为一般疑问句) _ he _ English books every day? 3. Sandra goes shopping once a month. (对划线部分提问) _ _ _ Sandra _ shopping? 4. Frank sleeps nine hours every night. ( 对划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ Frank _ every nig
16、ht? 5. He likes playing volleyball. (对划线部分提问) _ _ he _ playing? Unit 2 What s the matter? 词组 1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进 4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach = My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my s
17、tomach 5. What s the matter? 怎么了？ = What s the trouble (with you)? = What s your trouble? = What s wrong (with you)? 22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛 23. to eat a balance diet 饮食平衡 24. healthy food 健康食品 25. stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit 26. enjoy oneself (myself, your
18、self, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself 反身代词 ) 玩得高兴，过得愉快 =have a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun 27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词 )喜欢某物 , = What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you? = Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up? 6. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down
19、and rest 躺下休息 8. see a dentist 看牙医 9. drink lots of water 多喝水 10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 11.That s a good idea 好主意 12.That s too bad 太糟糕了 13.I think so 我认为如此 14. Im not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服 = I m not feeling fine/all right. = I m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I dont feel well. 15. ge
20、t some rest 多休息 16. I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道 17. stressed out 筋疲力 18. I am tired 我累了He is tired. 他累了 19. a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 =like dong sth practice doing sth.练习做某事， mind doing sth. 介意做某事， f
21、inish doing sth. 完成某事， give up doing sth. 放弃做某事， cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事， keep ding sth. 坚持做某事 . （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ） be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth.为做贡献 go on doing sth. 继续做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做某事 remember doing sth
22、. 记得做某事 spend(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事 prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做 .）来更愿意（做 .） 28. at the moment = now 此刻 29. Host family 东道家庭 30. Conversation practice 会话练习 31. Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过 Section A 知识要点 1. What s the matter? 这句话通常用于询问别人身体有什么不舒服，或有何麻烦，后跟with 构成： What s the matter with? 类似
23、的句子还有：What s wrong with ? What s the trouble with ? 他们的答语往往是表示得了什么病，或 什么地方不舒服， 常用句型 “somebody has/have a+相应的名词” 。如：have a headache, have a toothache, have a sore throat, have a cold, have a sore back等。 典型例题1： ? I have a cold. A. What s the wrong?B. What s the matter with you? C. How are you? 解析： 答语的
24、意思是：我感冒了。所以问句应该是询问病情的，故排除选项C。What s wrong?是一 个固定句型，不能加the, 所以只能选B. 2. should 的运用 情态动词should，本单元表示“应该，应当”，后加动词原形，可用于各种人称。他比must 的语气 要委婉，用来表示向对方提出建议或忠告，或者表示某种义务或责任。其否定形式为shouldn t, 意思是“不 应该，不应当”。 典型例题2： He should (eat) more fruit every day. 解析： 由于 should 后面要跟动词原形，不受主语影响。所以答案为：eat. Section B 知识要点 1. a
25、few 几个，一些There are a few apples on the table. 有几个苹果在桌子上。 【区别】 few/a few; little/ a little 1) Few 和 a few 都用来修饰可数名词；little 和 a little 都用来修饰不可数名词。 2) Few 和 little 表示“很少”，含有否定的意思。如：Few men can do this. 没有几个人能做这件事。 There is little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。 3) a few 和 a little 表示“有一点”或“有一些”，含有肯定的意思
26、。如：I have a few good friends. 我 有一些好朋友。Please give me a little water. 请给我一点水。 典型例题： 选用合适的词或短语填空。 A: few B: a few C: little D: a little 1. there is meat in the fridge. I have to buy some. 2. They spent hours doing the work. 解析： 第一题中meat是不可数名词，故只能在little 和 a little 中选，由于后面提到“我得去买。”说明冰 箱里几乎没有肉了。所以，选C.
27、第二道题中是可数名词，所以排除选项C 和 D。由于句子意思是说：他们花了几个小时做作业。是肯定 意思，故选B. 2. 【区别】 too much，much too 和 too many 1）too much 和 too many 意思都为“太多的”。 2）too much 修饰不可数名词，而too many 修饰可数名词复数。 3) much too 为副词，表示“非常地：及其”。 典型例题： 选用合适的短语填空。 A too much B. too many C. much too 1.There are books on the desk. 2.That s interesting, 解析
28、： 第一题中books 是可数名词，句子意思是：有太多的书在桌子上。只有too many 修饰可数名词，故 选 B. 第二题要表达：那太有趣了。Interesting 是形容词，所以答案选C. 随堂达标 一、单项选择 1. Its important to eat a _ diet. A. balanced B. balance C. balancing D. balances 2. My mother is busy. She has housework to do. Atoo much B. too many C. much too D. many too 3. You should no
29、t eat _ 24 hours. A. something in B. nothing for C. anything for D. everything at 4. My mother is ill. _ A. Dont worry. B. No hurry. C. Im sorry to hear that. D. OK. 5. I feel stressed out. I have so much work to do every day. Youd better not work too hard. Its good for you to take some _, I think.
30、A. health B. exercise C. lesson D. work 二、用单词的适当形式填空。 1. Do you have water? I m _ (thirst). 2. He can t sleep (入睡 ). He gets too _ out. (stress) 3. _ Chinese doctors think it s important to keep the balance of yin and yang. (tradition) 4. England is a _ country. (west) 5. He _ tired after a long wal
31、k yesterday. (get) 6. It s _ learn English well. (importance) 三、完成句子。 1. 我们需要一个阴阳平衡。 We need _ _ _ yin and yang. 2. 或许你体内的“阴”太多。 _ You have _ _ yin. 3. 吃党参和黄苓对这种情况有好处。 _ Dangshen and Huangqi is _ _ this. 4. 饮食平衡很重要。 _ _ to eat a balanced diet. 5. 我认为我的普通话没有提高。 I _ think my Putonghua _ _. 6. 听到你不舒服我很
32、难过。 I m _ _ _ that you re not feeling well. 四、短文填空。 Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance o_(1) yin and yang to be h_(2). Are you often quiet and often t_(3)? Maybe you have too m_(4) yin. You s_(5) eat hot yang foods. E_(6) Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is g_(7) for this. But people wh
33、o are too s_(8) out may have too much yang. Its easy to have a h_(9) lifestyle. Its i_(10) to eat a balanced diet. 五、语法练习 1. This kind of cake looks and smells . A. good, well B. well, good C. good, good D. well, well 2. I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because something is wrong with his . A. e
34、yes B. legs C. mouth D. ears 3. Chinese doctors believe that they should eat more foods tofu. A. for B. like C. as D. and 4.You shouldn t drink water before sleep. A. too much B. much too C. too many D. too less 5. important to exercise every day. A. It s B. That s C. They re D. This is 6. There is
35、nothing for dinner, so I have to buy things at the supermarket. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 六、中考链接 1. Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you know, her name is Joe. （2006 年，兰州） A. must B. may C. can D. shall 2. He the radio every morning. （2006 年，山西） A. listens to B. listens C. h
36、ears D. hears of 3. The now is that we have lots of to ask. （2006 年，天津） A. question; problem B. question; problems C. problem; questions D. problem; question 4. He speaks very good English but he knows English people. （2005 年，北京） A. few B. little C. a few D. a little 5. Mrs Jenny gave us on how to l
37、earn English well. （2004 年，天津） A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice 6. Why don t you go to the shop on foot? It takes me time. （2006 年，新疆） A. much too B. too much C. very much D. too many Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 词组 1. babysit ones sister 照顾妹妹 2. visit ones gran
38、dmother 看望奶奶 3. spend time with friends 和朋友们一起度过时光 4. visit cousins 看望表弟等 5. go to sports camp 去运动野营 6. o to the beach 去海滩 7. go camping 去野营 8. Go shopping 去买东西 9. go swimming 去游泳 10. go boating 去划船 11. go skating 去溜冰 12. go walking 去散步 13. go climbing 去登山 14. go dancing 去跳舞 15. go hiking 去徒步远足 16.
39、go sightseeing 去观光 17. go house-hunting 去找房子 18. o on a hike 徒步旅行， go bike riding 骑自行车旅行， go fishing 去钓鱼 19. do some shopping 买东西 20. do some washing 洗衣服 21. do some cooking 作饭 22. do some reading 读书 23. do some speaking 训练口语 24. do some sewing 做缝纫活 25. that sounds nice 那好极了 26. at home 在家 27. how a
40、bout=what about 怎么样？ 28. how long 多长时间 29. how far 多远 30. how often 多长时间一次 31. how much, how many 多少 32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看 give me the book=give the book to me 给我书， pass me the cup=pass the cup to me
41、 把杯子递给我， sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我 buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书， make me a cake = make a cake for me给我做蛋糕 34. get back=come back 回来 35. rent videos 租借影碟 36. take walks=go for a walk散步 37. think about 考虑 38. decide on= decide upon 决定一个计划 39. something different 不同的事情 40a
42、great vacation 一个愉快的假期 41. I cant wait 我等不及了 42. the famous movie star 著名的影星 43. an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期 44. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 45. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Section A 知识要点 1.【区别】 How long 和 when （1）how long 意思是“多久，多长”，这个疑问词组是询问某个
43、动作或状态持续了多久，在这种情 况下，与之连用的动词应该是延续性动词，回答一般用for表示时间段的词组。 （2）when 意思是“什么时候，何时”，引导的是特殊疑问句, when 可指比较泛的时间, 也可指比较 具体的时刻。 典型例题： did he stay here? For two days.。 are you coming to see me? Tomorrow. 解析： 中答语是段时间，故问句应该用how long. 由于中的答语是tomorrow, 所以用 when提问。 2. 在表示时间的名词前介词的用法： 在年、月、季节和泛指的一天中的上午、下午、傍晚前用“ in ” . 如：
44、 in 1990; in summer; in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening 在特指的某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上前用“ on ” . 如： on a cold morning; on Sunday; on Saturday afternoon; on November 12th 在具体的时刻前用“ at ” . 如： at half past ten; at 2 oclock 典型例题： Your uncle is leaving for Ji nan Sunday morning. A. in B. on C. for D. a
45、t He learned English four years. A. in B. on C. for D. at 解析： 的 Sunday morning 是具体的一天早晨，所以用介词on. 选 B. 中的 four years 是段时间，因此 要用介词for. 选 C. Section B 知识要点 1. go+doing 的用法 这是一个固定句型，表示“ 去做 ” 。 Hes going camping with his parents 他要与父母一起去野营。 此类结构除go shopping 去买东西等少数用法外，大多与体育或娱乐有关。例如： go swimming 去游泳go boa
46、ting 去划船go bike riding 骑自行车旅行 go dancing 去跳舞go fishing 去钓鱼go sightseeing 去观光 go skating 去滑冰go hunting 去打猎go skiing 去滑雪 go climbing 去爬山go walking 去散步go camping 去野营 go hiking 徒步旅行 典型例题： She is with her mother this afternoon. A. going to shop B. go to shop C. going shopping D. go shopping 解析：按语法讲 go to shop 好像也对，同学们往往也会选A， 其实这里涉及到词的习惯用法问题，go shopping 是一个固定的短语，意思是：去购物。故答案选C。 2. something 某物，某事 something, anything, nothing 等是不定指代词，当形容词修饰不定指代词时， 形容词应置于其后，汉语翻译时通常前置。如： something different 不同的事情 Do you have anything i