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1、模块九Unit 12 I . 单词 一、核心单词 1. freezing adj. adv.极冷地 极冷的，冰冻的 2? rank vi. 由. 联想至！ I associate with sb与某人交往或常打交道 be associated with. 和 . 有关 (2) association n.协会; 联系 in association with. 与 合伙/ 合作 I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood. 一闻到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年。 The first step to makfriends is a
2、ssociating with other people. 交朋友的笫一步就是要跟他人联系。 We are working HI association with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们正在联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。 名师指津“把与连接/ 联系”的短语还有： co nnect. with. (2)1 ink. with/to. ?rela te. to. 4. appoint 任命; 委派；安排，指定 ( 时间、地点 ) (1) appoint sb to a post 派某人任某职 appoint
3、sb(as/to be). 任命某人为 appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事 appoint a time/place for sth/to do sth 确定时间 / 地点做某事 (2) appointment n.约会；任命，委派 make/have an appointment with sb 与某人约会 They appointed him as/to be captain of the English team. 他们任命他为英格兰队队反。 Wc are considering appointing him 辺 get (act)as secretary. 我们在考
4、虑指定他当秘书。 I d love to go there with you, but I have an appointment with my lawyer. 我很想和你一起去那里，但我要约见我的律师。 5. stress 强调；重读刀 . 强调；重读，重音；压力 (1) lay/put/place stress on 强调，着重于 under stress 在压力之下 under the stress of 为 所迫；在 . 压力之下 It must be stressed that. 必须着重指出 . (2)stressful adj.有压力的 lie is under stress
5、because he has too much work to do. 工作太多，他感到压力很大。 ?Father always puts a lot of stress on good table manners. 父亲一向非常强调要有好的餐桌礼仪C The life of a high school student is usually active, exciting and full of fun, but it can be stressful (stress)sometimes. 高中学生的生活通常是积极的、令人激动的，同时也充满了快乐，但有时候可能有压力。 6. seek one
6、 s fortune 找出路，碰运气 (1) fortune n.U 运气，命运 C大笔的钱 make a fortune发财，赚大钱 have the good fortune to do sth 有幸能做某事 leave a fortune to sb 留给某人一笔遗产 (2) fortunate adj.幸运的 fortunately adv.幸运地 You may as well go to Shanghai to seek your fortune. 你不妨去上海碰碰运气。 When he was young, he would dream of making a fortune.
7、当他年轻时，他总是梦想着发财。 Her father left a fortune to her five years ago. 五年前，她父亲留给她了一笔遗产。 7. on behalf of代表一方;作为的代言人 on behalf of sb = on one s behalf 代表某人；为了某人；为了帮助某人 Im glad t ot el 1 you someth in g about these ac tiv ities on behalf of our school. 我非常 高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。 My father cannot be here, b
8、ut I want to thank you _oq behalf. 我父亲不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。 易混辨析 represent, on behalf of, stand for represent 用来表示“代表某人 / 某个团体 / 政府等”“某种标志代表什么” “某物（书、雕塑等） 表现的是什么”和“把某人/ 物描绘成什么” on behalf of 只能用作状语，表示“代表/ 代替某人” stand for 往往用来表示“（字母、数字、符号等）代表/ 象征什么” 选用上述词语填空 lie accepted the invitation on_ behalf of the who
9、le class. The letter A can stand for several sounds in English. lie was chosen to represent our school at the meeting. 8. in terms of 就 . 而言；从 角度 come to terms with sb 与某人和解；妥协；让步 be on good/bad terms with 与 . 关系很好 (坏) in the long/short. term 从长远 / 眼前来看 on equal terms在平等的条件下 In terms of business, th
10、ey are on good terms while in terms of friendship, they are on bad terms. 就生意方面来说，他们相处得很好；然而从友谊角度来说，他们关系却不好。 What they have done is good for the environment in j:he long term. 从反远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。 9. Mont real, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second larges t city in Canada, and also the se
11、cond largest French speaking city in the world , Paris being the largest. 港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市，最大的法语城市 是巴黎。 句中 Paris being the largest是独立主格结构，表示补充说明，Paris 是分词短语 being the largest的逻 辑主语。独立主格结构的用法如下： (1) 构成：名词 / 主格代词 +分词/ 不定式 / 介词短语 / 形容词 / 副词 (2) 功能：作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等状语，通常可转换成状语从句 (3
12、) 特征：意义上相当于一个句子，但就结构而言并非如此( 无谓语) All the students having sat (sit)down, the lecture began. 所有学生坐好之后，讲座开始了。 Such an able man to help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人 来帮你，你迟早一定会成功的。 The new teacher came in, a sm订 e on her face. 新老师面带微笑走了进来。 10. At the_ upper end of the Sacr
13、ed Way is_ Changling, the largest of the Ming Tombs. 在圣道的顶端是长陵，明朝最大的陵墓。 本句为倒装句，其结构为“介词短语+连系动词 +主语”。正常语序为： Changling, the largest of the Ming Tombs, is at the upper end of the Sacred Way。常见的引起全部倒装的情形： （1） 表示时间、地点、方位等的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, on the wall, under th
14、e tree 等置于句首，且主语是名词时。 In front gf thq housq stands a man and lies a dog- 房子前站看一个人，躺看一条狗。 （2） 代词 such 置于句首，且在句中作表语时。 （2） Such_are the most powerful voices of our times! 这些就是我们时代的最强咅！ （3） 为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全 部倒装。 Buried （bury ）in the earth was a jar with lots of ancient coins
15、 in it. 埋在泥土里的是一个装满古币的坛子。 名师指津当主语为人称代词时，句子不倒装。 一 Look! Here comes the taxi. Here jt gomes. 一一看！出租车來了。 它（车）确实來了。 课下作业 I.单词拼写 1. Approximately one mi 11 ion people left their homes and travel led westwards to seek their fortune （财富） in the Gold Rush. 2. Watching DVD is a form of recreation（7ift）, whic
16、h is popular among young people. 3. Tt s freezing （极冷 fl勺）here. We“ d better come back home as soon as possible. 4. She told me not to associate （联系） with Tom but I di d not 1 is ten to her. 5. His salary has been raised 20% again after the current wage assessment （评估）? 6. There has been a steady （稳
17、定的） decrease in population in this city. 7? It was so beautiful a place that it took my breath away. So, as a photographer（摄 影师） you would have enjoyed the opportunity to see this place. 8. A green card gives you official immigration （移民） status in the United States. 9. The solution to the heavy tra
18、ffic problem is appare nt （明显的） .We should reduce the number of vehicles. 10. All the guests should register （登记） at the reception desk before entering the hall. 11. Considering( 考虑至 lj) Australia s relatively small population, its outstanding performanee in the Olympic Games was amazing. 12. The Lo
19、ng March is considered to be a historic (历史白勺 )event in the history of China as we11 as the world? II.单句语法填空 1. This region is home to many species of wild flower. 2. I was late in getting to the station. But fortunately (fortune) for me, the train was late, too. 3. I wondered if I could have an app
20、ointment (appoint) with the doctor the following day. 4? It is said that the book was published in association with British Heritage? 5? Please equip yourself with a sharp penci 1 and a rubber for the exam? 6. 0wing to his absence, we had to put off the class meeting till next week? 7? When I was a
21、child, Mother laid great stress on my proper behaviour? behalf of my classmate, I accept your suggestion. 9. The test finished (finish), we“ 11 have our summer holiday. 10. We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house is finished ? 11. America was recognied
22、 as an independent country then by the British? 12. Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no differenee in life. III.完成句子 1. He owe) ucces?_ jto hard work and practice. 他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。 2. We havg not yet appointed q timq for the next meeting. 我们还没安排下次会议吋间。 3. I feel
23、sure that hi lerms of ability and experience, you are absolutely suited to the position. 我确信从能力和经验的角度来说，你绝对适合这个职位。 4. Now many villagers go to the big cities to try_ ;thei:r_ fortune. 现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。 5. Tn the chiIdres mi nds summer is associated with picnics. 在孩子的意识里，夏天是和野餐联系在一起的。 6. By the window s
24、at a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本 杂志。 IV.阅读理解 A u Hungary ? ” T looked at my school headmaster in confusion. “I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary. ” And with that, my adventure started. My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year
25、 in Hungary ? Going on an exchange had always been my dream? Whon my high school offered an all year program, I jumped at the opportunity. It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was buy a plane ticket. I knew where I wanted to go: Spain, the country of dancers wearing flowing red dre
26、sses? So when T heard that T was going to Hungary, T was pretty shocked? But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a oncein alifetime opportunity. Before I knew it，I was on the a i rp 1 a nc，lcav ing for Budapest Ferenc Liszt In ter nati onal Airport, Hungary. I had difficult ti
27、mes when I almost gave up. Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet. Cuitural differences occasional 1y embarrassed both my peers and me. T had to give up eating carrots, my beautiful favorite, for Hungar i a ns thi nk carrots are rubbish in their country? The change in the Iandscape was amaz
28、ing, looking nothing like skyscrapers, bullet trains, cars, and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to. Gradual ly, I fel 1 in love with the relaxing lifestyle, the warm-hearted people, and getting home at 2： 30 p. nt at the latest from school.And I was sad to leave on my very last day-
29、 Having the host fami 1 y who took me as one of their own members was the best thing I ve ever experie need .From my lit tie sisters, I 1 earned how to embrace life to its fullest? From my brothers I learned that it，s OK for a boy to run around the house? From my host parents I learned to stay posit
30、ive, to smile and that when you pick the right people and take their hands, suddenly, you become friends. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为一个交换生在国外学习的经历和感受。 1. How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary? A. Excited and satisfied. B. Confused and shocked. C? Amazed and embarrassed. D. Delighted and
31、interested? 答案 B 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I looked at my school headmaster in confusion. ” 可知，作者听 到这个消息很迷惑；再结合第三段中的“So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked. 可知，选项 B 正确。 2. Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain? A. He did n t like Spa in. B? He wanted to learn
32、Hungarian. C? It was a rare chanee. D.Going to Hungary was much cheaper. 答案 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a once in a1 ifetime opportunity. 可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难 逢的机会，所以选项C正确。 a rare chance 一- 次罕见的机会”。 3. What can we learn about Jonathan during
33、his stay in Hungary? A. He fell in love with eating carrots. B. He couldn“ t wait to leave. C. He was surpri sed by the landscape. D. lie quickly got used to the life there. 答案 C 推理判断题。根据笫I 川段屮的“ The change in the landscape was amazing n 可 知选项 C正确。 4. According to Jonathan, the host fami ly _ . A. c
34、hanged him completely B. taught him how to dance well C. treated him as equally as a student D. showed him the good things of life 答案 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学, 他们向作者展现了 生活中美好的事情，故选项D正确。 B Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer s disease often struggle to remember recently learned inf
35、ormation, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the bra in somewhere; they just can，t be easily accessed? Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of get ting back memori
36、es in mice suffering from Alzheimers. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons （转基因神经元） ? Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it invoIves inserting light emitting（发光） equipment into the subjects bra ins, but the same prin ciples sti
37、 1 apply, the researchers said. “The important point is that this is evidence of the concept.That is, even if a memory seems to be gone ，it is still there. It s a matter of how to get it back,” said the senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa ? The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered
38、to develop Alzheimer“ s and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mi Id electric shock. Al 1 of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer ? s mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.
39、The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating （激活） the cells in which the memories were stored? Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated. “Short term memories seem to be normal i
40、n order of hours. But for long term memories, these early Alzheimer s mice seem to be damaged, ” said the lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back? This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, n
41、ot that they are unable to learn or store this memory. ” 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了利用光控制转基因神经元使早老性痴呆病患者恢复记忆的技术。 5? What can we learn about the researchers at MIT? A. They are the pioneers of brain research? B? They have used the method in human trials? C? They can cure Alzheimer“ s using the new method? D.They c
42、an get back memories in mice with Alzheimer“ s. 答案 D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，他们能够使患有早老性痴呆病的老鼠恢复记忆。 6. Why did the Alzheimers mice behave normally the third time? A. They failed to remember the electric shock. B. They were accustomed to the situation? C. They managed to overcome the fear. D. They activated
43、 the association automatically- 答案 A 细节理解题。根据第四段的“.the Alzheimer s mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock , 可知, 这些老鼠忘记了受到的电击。 7? For long-term memories, the earlyAlzheimers mice . A. can transform their brain cells B. can， t learn new tricks well C. can easily get back their memories D. c
44、an“ t access the infonnation stored 答案 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，对于长期记忆来说，这些处于早老性痴呆病早期的老鼠因为（脑 细胞）已经被损害，不能使用这种已经储存的信息。 8. The main purpose of the text is to . A. introduce a method of a research B? report the latest discovery about a disease C. give advice on how to improve memories D. explain how a brain stores information 答案 B 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的主要目的是报道关于早老性痴呆病的最新发现。