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1、,动词不定式的基本用法,中考语法,教学目标,掌握动词不定式在句中作不同成分时的用法。 带动词不定式的一些固定搭配和简单句型。,动词不定式的定义,英语中,把“to do(动词原形)”结构叫做动词不定式。其中to是动词不定式的标志,1、动词不定式作主语,1:To dance with you makes me happy. 2:It is difficult to drive in the mountains. 这里It作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式 Or: To drive in the mountains is difficult. 句子变形: It is so nice to meet
2、you again. It is good to get up early.,2、动词不定式作表语,表语是补充说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态的。一般跟在be动词后。可以是名词、形容词以及动词不定式。 1.Her wish is to be a teacher. 2.Your duty is to clean the classroom.,3、动词不定式作宾语补足语,宾补:补充说明宾语的情况。 1:He wants me to come earlier. 2: The policeman ordered them to turn around. 这里me和them是宾语。,4、动词不定式作状语
3、,状语:表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、程度。介词短语也可作状语。 作目的状语 I went there to see her .(为了看你) She opened the window to let some fresh air in.(为了让新鲜空气进来),作结果状语,1:He is too tired to go any further.,2: He is not old enough to join the army.,他太累了以至于他再也走不动了。,他太小了所以不能参军。,作原因状语,不定式跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的形容词后,可以表示引起这些情感的原因。(happy sad sur
4、prised 等),1: Im sorry to trouble you .,2: Im gald to see you .,5、疑问词 + 不定式,我知道如何煮。,I know how to cook.,我不知道要买什么东西给你。,I dont know what to buy for you.,一些后接动词不定式作宾语的及物动词。多表示意愿、企图等动词。如: hope want wish like try ask agree decide promise,1.I want to talk with you .,2. She has decided to go .,下列结构常用带to的动词不
5、定式。,be able/ready/afraid to do sth,Its time to do sth,It takes sb some time to do sth .,cant wait to do sth,Its adj for/of sb to do sth,一些动词不定式的谚语。,To see is to believe .,Eat to live , but not live to eat .,Its never too old to learn .,Not to advance is to go back .,眼见为实,吃是为了活着,但是活着不是为了吃。,活到老学到老 (学海无涯),不进则退,