《视听说课程在日语教学中的作用.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《视听说课程在日语教学中的作用.doc（16页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、视听说课程在日语教学中的作用视听说课程在日语教学中的作用 内容简介： 视听说课程在日语教学中的作用我们知道， 视听 在很多时候是与 说 读 写 同时进行的。而实际的视听活动，通常都是视听者在运用选择信息、预测、推测、询问等策略的过程中进行的。因此，在课堂视听活动中，导入日常生活实际视 论文格式论文范文毕业论文 视听说课程在日语教学中的作用我们知道， 视听 在很多时候是与 说 读 写 同时进行的。而实际的视听活动，通常都是视听者在运用选择信息、预测、推测、询问等策略的过程中进行的。因此，在课堂视听活动中，导入日常生活实际视听中使用的这些策略，并将这些学习策略导入到教材设计及课堂活动中进行练习同样
2、是十分重要的。 日语视听说是高等学校日语专业的基础主干课程之一，是培养学生听说读写能力的主要手段，也是培养合格外语人才的支柱课程。根据国家教育部高等院校日语专业教学大纲的要求，以培养学生听说能力为宗旨，以 听说领先，精读多练 来培养学生语言运用能力。 高等学校的日语视听说课程基本都在配备现代化多媒体教学设备的语音教室进行，要求所有进行日语视听说授课的老师均使用多媒体课件上课。同时，将部分授课内容传到网络上，供学生复习使用。随着先进的网络教学环境的建设，实现日语视听说课程的网上教学和练习也成为可能。 视听说在日语教学中是非常重要的 ，其水平的高低直接影响着整个日语水平的提高 ，随着科技的进步 ，
3、先进的教学辅助手段帮助了教师和学生的教学和学习环境 ，提高了教学和学习效果 ，也简化了教师课堂教学的过程 。这也要求教师要注重： 教学理念的改革。面向新世纪外语人才培养的需要，不断更新教学理念，培养新型日语翻译人才。要求任课教师需要根据课程的深浅难易深度，事先做好精心的安排。特别是时间的把握上，一般视听说课程一周只有2个课时，90分钟的时间。在这90分钟内，既要让学生观看视频资料，又要让学生有足够的时间进行讨论，还要留有时间作为教师重点、难点讲解和总结。时间的安排是一个需要花心思的地方。教师不妨对学生课外的时间加以利用。比如，课前将新课单词制成单词表发放给学生，并留有空白让学生自己了解意思和用
4、法，这也可以算得上课前提示，让学生在预习阶段调动所学知识对上课内容进行推测；课程结束后，可将本堂课视频内容提供给学生，以供学生复习巩固之用。 对学生进行视听说训练的同时，还不断加强对学生进行政治、经济、金融、军事、制造、环保等各个领域知识的了解，致力把学生培养成勤于思考、反应能力强、逻辑思维强、有高度交流能力、口语过硬、同时具有相关专业知识的国际性、应用型、复合型的新型日语翻译人才。 教学内容、教学方法、教学手段的改革。为适应新世纪外语教学发展的需要，开展面向新世纪日语视听说教学教研活动。在课程设置，教学内容，教材以及教学方法等方面进行全方位改革。打破传统教学模式，引入先进的教学理念。日语视听
5、说课程要打破传统的以教师为中心的讲授型授课模式，改为以学生为主体，教师为主导的新型模式。换句话说，要从单一的听讲模式，转换成融多种训练目标为一体的能力培养型模式，注重对学生运用能力和听说能力的培养。过去的课堂上，过多地注重听。现在教师要改变这种播放员的角色，多与学生互动和交流，增加视、听、说相结合的教学环节，设计多元化、个性化的教学方法。比如，开展提问、对话、复述、口头概述、总结、即兴演讲、专题演讲、小组合作、专题发表、课前讨论、课后总结等丰富多彩的课堂活动形式，使学生成为课堂的主体，创造活跃的课堂气氛，充分调动他们的学习积极性和主动性。 授课方式的改革。可以尝试通过播放原生电影，要注重以下几
6、个方面： 音重现： 影精彩片段轮放，了解基本语音语调。该文原载于中国社会科学院文献信息中心主办的环球市场信息导报杂志总第522期201X年第39期-转载须注名来源 初测： 听一遍重要情节后，跟踪听力测试，检验视听效果。 讲解： 循环播放日语对白，逐字逐句进行详细倾听、详细讲解。讲解中拓展词汇，并注重剖析语音、语调、语速、节奏，培养语感，规范语音语调。 音练习： 掌握整个日语片段内容，从语言结构、讲话方式、异域文化等方面整体磨练听懂原版电影的听力能力。 语言交际是由听说读写四种功能构成的。日常实际生活中的语言交际， 听 说 占了很大比例，而 边看边听 和 说 ，即 视听说 可以说是语言交际的主要
7、活动。外语的习得过程会因人而异，但在相当程度上还是共通的。外语习得通常都是在获得 可理解输入 的过程中实现的。获得 可理解输入 关系到学习者的语言运用能力，这种运用能力可以使语言输出成为可能。在外语学习过程中增加可理解输入是极其重要的。就是说，视听说学习的一个重要任务就是要 获取语言习得所需的输入 。视听可以认为是一个将不理解的语言输入转变为可理解输入的过程。这种过程有三个理论上的模式。其一称 自下而上模式 ，从单词这种较小的语言单位起，通过运用语言知识，向句子、段落、整个对话这种大的语言单位递进，由此累加理解而构建出整体意思。其二称 自上而下模式 ，这种模式以上下文、情景等为线索，利用背景知
8、识，在视听的同时进行预测及推测来理解所听内容的意思。其三称为 相互交流模式 ，这种模式是将 自下而上模式 和 自上而下模式 互补并用来进行理解的。视听说课程的教材设计及课堂指导，让学习者体验这三种模式所表明的理解过程，体验从声音信息构筑语言意思的能动性活动过程是很重要的。 B. The Reasons for the Amerians Outlook on Mone Wh do Amerians emphasize the important of mone? The should onsider the question from four sides:Firstl, the materia
9、lism is one of reasons for the outlook on mone. Ameria is a soiet in hih orkers must bu and sell to live. Ever part of life bees a modit, something to be bought and sold, hether it is a puter, the latest automobile, tehnologial skills, or our abilit to ork. The media bombard people ith advertisement
10、. Commerials interrupt TV and radio programs ith ath appeal to the Amerians to go out and bu. Shopping has almost replaed baseball as the national pastime. The Amerians ere indued b those fators. And the main a to ahieve them is mone. For example, Margarat Anderson, an aountant ho orks in a large fi
11、rm on the est oast, expressed it ell hen she s a: “e overemphasize on material goods ver muh, like puters. We alas have to add things to our lives. We bu things just beause of ho beautiful and useful hen e see it from TV, advertisement. Its eas to allo mone to orrupt us.” Hoever, those advertisement
12、s not onl have influene on the adults, but also have a great impart on the oung people. The oung people have bee more material, and obsessive of mone. In one surve on the Internet, 90 perent of parents agreed that hildren toda anted too man material things.” And 75 perent agreed that advertisement a
13、s orrupting our basi outlook on mone. For example, Teri silver, a ollege student ho studies at the Ne York, said she as silened b the greed she sa the beautiful lothes from TVs advertisement. For buing beautiful lothes, she has a deepest love of mone. She thinks mone is the onl aess to help her on t
14、hese lothes.Seondl, the petition makes the Amerians have a deep obsession of mone. This “land of plent” has long enjoed abundant material and human resoures. It has the orlds largest, rihest, and most produtive eonom. And people have gotten ell to material ealth. Besides that, Amerians believe that
15、everone has an equal opportunit to suess. People arent abandoned b soial lass. The an ork hardl to improve their status. Man immigrants reah this land of opportunit just for seeking a better future. This belief in equal opportunit has produed a spirit of petition. It likes a rae to the top of the su
16、ess ladder. Hoever, if ou ant to be on the top of the suess ladder in the United States, the first thing ou have to do is olleting mone. Espeiall for noadas Amerian situation, the United States stands as the orlds most prominent poer, the Amerians are living in a ountr both the militar investment an
17、d the foreign poli ahievement. Hoever, no Ameria is faing a series of hallenges in the orld eonom. It as one the dominant exporting nation, but its petitive superiorit as lost graduall in the70s and80s. Amerias biggest hallenge is ing from the Paifi rim ountries, suh as Japan, South Korea, and Singa
18、pore. Amerian leadership and researh in tehnolog and its vast agriultural industr are being threatened b other nations. And the relative importane of Amerian eonom in the orld has delined. The situation of the Amerian eonom tells Amerians that the must have enough mone, onl in this a an the sueed, a
19、nd the an still keep the leadership of the orld.Fourthl, the religious faith has great impat on the outlook on mone. Religion is a ver important part of life in Ameria, just as some esterners ment that religion shapes the estern harater and ulture. In Ameria, the onstitution ma ell establish a separ
20、ation beteen hurh and state, but rare is the itizen ho alks into a voting booth ithout a partiular set of religious or moral outlooks, outlooks that often affet me oute of a politial rae. On the hole, e annot den the influene of religion on Amerian life. Meanhile, religion is national. Over 90 peren
21、t of Amerians sa that the believe in God. For example, the Southern Baptist Churh has sixteen million members, the largest Protestant group in the U.S. Over 40 perent go to the hurh or snagogue at least one a eek. Half of the Amerian Protestants are ative hurh members. Even Amerian mone reminds them
22、 of religion. The ords “In God We Trust” are stamped on the oins. The hurh enourages Amerians to be less materialisti and monetar. When journalists rite of greed, 71 perent agree that being greed is a sin against God. Religious faith provided earlier generations of Amerians ith a moral language that
23、 help urb the pursuit of mone. We should agree that religious faith is a soure of isdom and guidane in some degree. Just for the religious faith, it helps Amerians believe that mone is not everthing. That means mone is not all.C. Advantages of the Amerians Outlook on MoneThough the Amerians outlook
24、on mone emphasize on mone ver muh, it is benefiial to the modern Amerians. One an English riter sai d: “lak of mone is the soure of the evil.” Though mone annot bring happiness, no mone ill produe greater pain, and the happiness annot exist. That is to sa mone mabe regarded as a means for attaining
25、other things, rather than as an end in itself. Most of Amerians dra a tight onnetion beteen mone and other things. The outlook on mone an help Amerian ahieve a lot of things. Freedom, for instane, is one of our deepest values, and in one surve, 71 perent agreed that “having more mone means having mo
26、re freedom.” Or 76 perent agreed that “having mone gives me a good feeling about mself. The surve also shoed that orring about not having enough mone is signifiantl relating ith not feeling good about oneself.Meanhile, if the an onsider mone as a mean for helping others, it an also help Amerians to
27、have a suessful life. And the outlook on mone makes Amerians do man haritable donations. We notie that good orks and organized harit ere an integral part of the Amerians haraters. The Amerians are obsessive ith self-improvement and earn mone have been apanied b an urge to improve their life. For exa
28、mple, the president of Ama, Doug De Vos ho use mone in proper position, and spends his mone on helping others. He does a lot of harities, hih an help their pan have a good reputation. And in his families, the believe hen people have redundant mone, the should spend their mone on appropriate position
29、, suh as harit, hih an help their pan have a better ondition. In the United States, about 90 perent of people are onfident in the produts of Ama. Meanhile, the outlook on mone makes some people ork hardl. The believe that mone is one aess to suess. In the a to pursue mone, the attain more than mone.
30、 The learn ide knoledge, the a to treat others and so on. Mone makes them on a better life.D. Disadvantages of the Amerians Outlook on MoneWe an hardl onnet mone ith eletion. Hoever, the vie of mone an destro a demorati eletion in the United States. Eletion, espeiall for the eletion of president is
31、ver important in a ountr. If the eletion isnt justie, the people ould suffer the pain under the trann. It is believed that Ameria is a demora ountr and the proess of eletion is justie. Hoever, e are rong; there are still some people use mone to bu politi right and mone. Mone bee the evil, mone destr
32、oed the Amerians demora. The federal and state governments have been taken over b those ho are able to provide multi-million dollar eletion ampaign funds. Wealth person run for offie or the “bu” their on andidates, then these eleted offiials arr out the programs of those ho put them into poer. The m
33、ost visible example is Enrons hairman, Kela, giving 2 billion dollars to the Bush ampaign and then allo b the Bush administration to manipulate the energ markets to make billions.III. Solutions to the problems of the Amerians Outlook on MoneIn fat, mone is a orld language. Whether Chinese or Amerian
34、, mone is just mone. The mones value is deided b human, so ho to deal ith mone and the outlook on mone are ver important. What does the average Ameria famil do ith mone at present? For most of families, the first thing the have to do is to manage it. Families often keep areful finanial reords. Man o
35、f them spend their ine in a planned a. The often plan for basi expenses like housing, food, lothes, and medial bills. On average, Amerians save around 5 perent of their ine. All of these onduts are appropriate. Hoever, the need to find better methods for dealing ith the disadvantages of the outlook
36、on mone. Firstl, the Amerians should remember God in their hearts. The believe God. And the Bible teahes them that enjo their life. So the should remember that earning mone is just for a happ life. One upon a time, a blak singer sai d: “though I sing the folk songs in the street and onl an earn litt
37、le mone, the make me feel happ. I do the thing I reall like.” Seondl, the Amerians should earn mone through the proper a. Some TV program does investigations about the methods for earning mone among millionaires. The folloing are the ruial fators in the suess. 1. Honest. The must be honest to everon
38、e; onl in this a an the gain others trusts. Abilit of self-restraint. We need ontrol ourselves feelings and onduts. Dont break the la. 3. Hard ork. We need ork hardl, and learn ide knoledge.In onlusion, the Amerians should remember that earning mone is just for happ life. The shouldnt onsider mone a
39、s everthing. Onl in this a an the be the real rih men.ConlusionEugenie Grandet, Balzas spare, lassial stor of a girl hose life is blighted b her fathers hsterial greed, goes a long a to justif that opinion. In Eugenie Grandet, Grandet is the representative of greed and mone.The major role in Eugenie
40、 Grandet-Grandet reflets phenomenon in modern Amerian soiet. From a great amount of information, I kno that some Amerians are obsessive ith mone ver muh, and the are the lovers of mone. For earning mone, the break the la. Hoever, meantime, there are still a lot of people doing harities ith mone. The
41、 onsider mone as a means for helping others. As a larger sense, hat the have done is the same as Grandets daughter did. So the should have a deep analsis of the Grandet phenomenon in Ameria.Hoever, h do Amerians emphasize the importane of mone? We should onsider the question from four sides: materia
42、lism, petition, immigrants, religion. All the fators influened the outlook on mone. For example, just for the religious faith, it helps Amerians believe that mone is not everthing. That means mone is not all. It helps us understand the Amerians outlook on mone.Finall, under the analsis of the Ameria
43、ns outlook on mone, this thesis points out the methods to deal ith the disadvantages of the outlook on mone. The Amerians should regard earning mone as a method for perfet life. Mone is not the final objetive in their life. There are still so man valuable things that need them to aplish.Bibliograph
44、Bo Bing. Bo Bing Grammar . Beijing: Kai Ming Press,9 8. Li Longguo. The Influene of Narrative on the studies of histor . 外国文学, 201X, . Miguel Angel Siilia. Qualit in Metadata . Online Information Revie, 201X, vol.3 Neln, Walter Tessi. Theor of Mone . Clarondon Press,7 8. 杜齐才.价值与价值观念 . 广东： 广东人民出版社，19
45、8 7. 胡良贵.马克思主义哲学原理 .四川： 四川民族出版社,200 3. 凯斯勒. Running Mone . 上海人民出版社，200 6. 摩根森. 福布斯商业五巨子. 海南： 海南出版社，199 9. 内容简介： 浅谈 任务型 教学模式在高职日语口语中的运用自20世纪70年代中日两国恢复邦交正常化以后，中日经济贸易活动日益频繁。日本已经连续十年成为我国的第一大贸易伙伴。随着经济的合作，对日语人才的需求也愈来愈多。多元文化背景开始对日 论文格式论文范文毕业论文 浅谈 任务型 教学模式在高职日语口语中的运用自20世纪70年代中日两国恢复邦交正常化以后，中日经济贸易活动日益频繁。日本已经连
46、续十年成为我国的第一大贸易伙伴。随着经济的合作，对日语人才的需求也愈来愈多。多元文化背景开始对日语人才提出更高的要求，尤其对传统外语人才培养模式提出严峻的挑战。很多用人单位在抱怨： 学生虽然拥有高学历、多证书，但口语交际能力太差，无法与外商进行很好的沟通。当然进入职场屡屡碰壁的学生也很烦恼： 在学校认真学习五年，每天都忙于背单词、学语法，以通过日本语能力考试一级为目的拼命学习。可是在与日商交流时却不能流利的用日语表达。笔者曾经在企业从事现场翻译工作十年，于1999年进入学校从事日语教学工作。在教学过程中笔者总结了一些学校培养的日语人才不能适应职场的原因。 一、传统外语教学中的弊端 传统的外语教
47、学是一种应试教育，整个教学模式不是以学生为主体，而是以老师为主体。整个教学过程中只是由教师在不断地讲授知识，学生被动接受、缺乏互动的 满堂灌 的教学、让学生死记硬背，生搬硬套的 填鸭式 教学。因为很多外语考试都是以选择题为主，老师为了提高考试成绩，搞题海战术，学生通过大量做题后形成条件反射，机械地记住某些日语语言知识点，也能够顺利地通过日本语能力考试N2或N1级。这种教法不强调语言在生活中的运用，而是一味的通过做题，把记住某些语言点作为教学的终极目的。这样的教学模式最终只能把学生培养成做题的机器，而不能培养出适应当今社会工作岗位需求的日语人才。 当然随着社会对应用能力需求的提高，我们的教育水平
48、也在不断地提高，教学目的也在不断地调整。尤其在高职外语教学中，我们 已经开始意识到仅仅靠背单词、句型、做题不能适应社会的需要。课堂教学也逐渐转移到以 学生为中心 的自主学习、应用学习模式上。但是教师在实际的日语教学课堂中过多地把精力集中在语言知识的讲解上，运用日语也只是停留于在模拟的情景中应用已掌握了的语言知识，机械重复地运用语言训练的一些最初级形式，虽然对学生技能习得有一定的帮助，但是忽视了对学生创造性地运用语言知识能力的培养。课堂模式基本以教师控制为主，语言知识停留于表面， 模仿 机械性操练 对话 的模拟表演，从形式上看是让学生运用新语言交际，实际上只是背诵课文。一旦离开课本要创设新的情景
49、，并联系本课堂所学的知识进行交际运用，学生就成了哑巴。他们不能自如地在真实的情景中运用地道的日语进行日常会话，交流信息和感情。为了改变这种状况，培养学生运用语言交际能力，实现知识、技能向能力的转换，培养学生在新的情景中创造性地运用所学语言与别人交际信息的能力。笔者认为 任务型 课堂教学模式应该重视和推广。 二、五年制高职学生的特点 我们的学生是初中毕业没考上高中的学生，相对而言整体学习能力较差，缺乏自主学习的积极性。学习情绪化较强，对感兴趣的东西学习积极性较高。而对于枯燥无味的内容，在学习时带有明显的抵触情绪，从而导致学习效率极低。加之由于五年制高职学生自控力差，学习态度不端正，目的不明确，如果在课堂教学中把精力集中在语法讲解上，那么他们将会厌学。我们在教学巡查时经常会看到这样的情景： 教师在讲台前抑扬顿挫地讲授着知识，黑板上写满了日语语言点，而台