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1、2020年12月大学英语四级语法知识合集【篇一】2020年12月大学英语四级语法知识合集限制性和非限制性定语从句1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)2) 当先
2、行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了，他以前是我的老师。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行
3、词, 对其实行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。【篇二】2020年12月大学英语四级语法知识合集关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系
4、代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还能够同of which互换), 例如：They rushed over to help the man
5、whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) yo
6、u are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)【篇三】2020年12月大学英语四级语法知识合集引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us
7、 very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为是否的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有or notWhether he will come is not clear.绝大部分连接词引导的主语从句都能够置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.