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1、Grammar,英语动词时态（一）,英语动词时态,一般现在时,1.表示经常发生的动作(习惯性的动作)或存在的状态.常与always ,usually, often,sometimes, everyday 等词连用. e.g. Beijing is the capital of China . My mother always gets up early. We study English every day .,2.表示客观事实或普遍真理（不受时间限制). e.g. The English teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. Li
2、ght travels faster than sound. The moon travels round the earth .,3.表示根据计划或时间表将要进行的动作. e.g. The No.5 train leaves at 10: 30. Our holiday begins in July.,4.在时间状语或条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时态. e.g. I will let you know as soon as he gets here. If you arent here on time tomorrow, I will write to your p
3、arents.,构成,一 般 现 在 时,Exercises:,1. According to the time table, the train for Beijing _ at 9:10 p.m. from Monday to Friday. (10年6月) A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has left 2. They will not start the project until the board chairman _ back from South Africa. (08年6月) A. will come B. is comi
4、ng C. came D. comes,一般过去时,1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与 yesterday, in 1990, two days ago , three years ago, last week/year/night, the day before yesterday , the other day , just now , then , at that time 等表示过去的时间状语连用, 一般过去时也经常用在没有明确说明过去的时间状语的句子中。 e.g. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He worked there
5、for a few months and then went to America.,2.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行为，常与every day, often, sometimes, regularly等时间状语连用，“used to+动词原形”常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的动作. e.g. He used to walk along the road after supper. 他以前晚饭后总是沿着马路散步。 When we were at college, we often did lab work together.在大学读书的时候，我们经常在一起做实验。,一 般 过 去 时,构
6、成,一般将来时,1. 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow, next week, in a few days, next time连用。 e.g. It will be fine this afternoon. I shall go to see a friend tomorrow. You will be a senior students this term.,2. 口语中常用be going to + do 表示已经决定或安排要做的事情; 表示有迹象表明必然或可能发生的事情. e.g. Its going to rain. Im going
7、to meet her at 7:00.,3. 一般现在时可表示按时间表规定，或按计划、安排将要发生的行为。 e.g. The boat sails tonight. 船今天晚上开。,.现在进行时可表示按计划、安排将要发生的行为。 e.g. He is leaving tomorrow. 他明天走。,. be +动词不定式，表示依照事先计划、安排、规定等必然要发生的行为或所处的状态，带有“必须”等强制性的意义。 e.g. You are to perform a new experiment this afternoon. 你们今天下午必须做一个新的试验.。,. be +about+动词不定式
8、，表示最近的将来将发生的行为，有“正要”，“不久就要”的意思。 e.g. The film is about to begin. 电影快要开场了。,构成,Exercises:,1. We surely (find) _ a good solution to the technical problems in the near future.(05年6月) 2. Enclosed you _ an application form that you are asked to fill out. （09年6月） A. will find B. find C. found D. are findin
9、g 3. Since five managers are going to give their reports, the meeting (last) _for at least two hours. （07年12月）,will find,will last,过去将来时,过去将来时常用在宾语从句和间接引语中，表示从过去某时看来将在某时发生的动作或存在的状态，也就是说两个动作都发生在过去，发生在前的用一般过去时，发生在后的用过去将来时。过去将来时可用“should/would+动词原形”、“was/were going to+动词原形” “was/were to+动词原形”、“was/were
10、 about to+动词原形”表示. e.g. The villagers told us that a new bridge would be built across the river in a year. (04年6月),现在完成时,1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果, 这种用法中的谓语动词一般为短暂性动词. e.g. I have read the book. He has opened the door. Have you seen a book here ?,2未完成用法, 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, 可能持续下去, 也可能刚刚结束, 这
11、种用法中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词. e.g. I have lived here since my childhood. We have learned English for four years. It has been six years since he left here.,1. In the past few years, traffic problems (become) _ more and more serious. (08年12月) 2. My mother (enjoy) _ a better health since we came to live in this b
12、eautiful seaside city. (08年6月) 3. Karl probably (see) _”Star War” several times for he knows every detail of the film. (07年12月) 4. No one can deny that we (make)_ tremendous progress in the past twenty years.(07年6月),Exercises:,have become,has seen,has enjoyed,have made,5. In our company, great chang
13、es _ since the new manager came.(07年12月) A. took place B. take place C. will have taken place D. have taken place 6. For years, doctors _ millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. (07年6月) A. have saved B. are saving C. will save D. were saving,过去完成时,表示到过去的某一时刻为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态, 这个时间可用短语
14、或从句来表示, 也可由上下文来加以 衬托, 它在时间上的意义是“过去的过去”。 e.g. The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box , which had been placed under the Ministers car.,1. Jim told me he ( join ) _ the army two years before. (03年12月) 2. Though he _ well prepared before the job interview, he failed to answer some i
15、mportant questions. (05年6月) A. will be B. would be C. has been D. had been 3. She described the ancient city in detail because she (live) _there for years. (09年6月),Exercises:,had lived,had joined,将来完成时,指将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，常与表将来的时间状语“by the time+从句”、“by the end of+将来时间的名词”或“by+将来时间名词”等连用。 e.g. The mayor
16、of Beijing says that all the construction work for the Beijing Olympic will have been completed by 2006.,1. Most students (take) _ sixty credits by the time they graduate. (03年6月) 2. By the end of this year the factory (produce) _ 20,000 cell phones. (05年12月) 3. By the end of next month, we (find) _
17、a good solution to the technical problem. (06年12月),Exercises:,will have taken,will have produced,will have found,4. By the end of this year Mr. Smith _ in our company for exactly three years. (09年6月) A. is working B. has worked C. will work D. will have worked 5. By the time you come to see me next month, I _my term paper. (08年12月) A. have completed B. complete C. am completing D. will have completed,Review,Thank You!,