《小学英语语法名词Word编辑.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《小学英语语法名词Word编辑.doc（20页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！启明星教育小学英语语法第一讲名词1、 名词的概念：表示人，动物，地点，物品以及抽象概念的词。2、 名词的分类：（一）普通名词：普通名词是一类人或一类事物的共同名称。普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。1. 个体名词：表示一类人或一类事物中的个体。如：She is a teacher. They are all students.2. 集体名词：表示若干个体的人和事物组成的集合体。如：How many boys are there in your class?类似的还有：family, group, army, polic
2、e等。3. 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的事物。如：I want to have some water(air, milk, salt, sugar等).4. 抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质等抽象概念的名词。如：I wish you success(time, happiness, beauty等).、【火眼金睛】给下面的名词分类computer milk water sister sky sadness family class room health duty luck factory dress rice wind snow flower time 个体名词 _集体名词 _传播优秀Word
3、版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！物质名词 _抽象名词 _（二）专有名词：专有名词是具体的人和事物等的特有名称。人名、地名、国家、城市、公共节日及月份、星期几的名词等属于专有名词。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jenny Black , March三月, the WTO世贸组织, Asia亚洲, Teachers Day教师节, the Peoples Republic of China中华人名共和国, Disneyland迪斯尼, the Pearl River珠江, Sunday星期日【想一想】你的名字属于哪一类名词？PK 专有名词 看谁说的多?3、 名词的数（1） 可数名词：顾名思
4、义是表示可以用来计数的名词。1. 可数名词有单数和复数形式。指一个人或者事物时用单数形式，指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。如：desk-desks,apple-apples. 2.单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a（an），表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the. 如：He is a factory worker.他是一名工人。 3. 可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如： two apples, four books等。4.可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如：This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。传播优秀Word版文
5、档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！ These apples are mine. 这些苹果是我的。5. 对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many. 如：How many pears are there in the box? 盒子里有多少个梨子？6. 可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some,any,a lot of , lots of 等来修饰，表示“一些，许多”（二）.可数名词单数变复数的规则1. 一般情况下在词尾加s. shop - shops (商店) 2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。class - classes (班级) box - boxes (盒子)
6、 match - matches (比赛) brush - brushes (刷子)3. 以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的词， 变y为 i 加es. story - stories (故事) 4. 以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的词，在词尾直接加 s key - keys monkey - monkeys 5. 以一个 “o” 结尾的有生命名词， 复数一般在词尾加“es” ，无生命名词加“s”, hero-heroes (英雄） potato-potatoes (土豆）tomato - tomatoes (西红柿) mango-mangoes （芒果）口诀：英雄喜欢吃土豆，西红柿和芒果 （以O结尾加“
7、es”）zoo - zoos (动物园) photo - photos (照片) radio-radios（收音机）6. 以 f或 fe 结尾的词，多数变f或 fe 为 ves. leaf - leaves (树叶) knife - knives ( 小刀) 传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！*（以f或fe结尾的单词，需把f或fe 变ves的单词）口诀：妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架下（shelf）保己（-self）命，半(half)片树叶（leaf）遮目光。 *（以f或fe结尾的单词，直接加 “s”的单词）口诀：
8、长颈鹿(giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下，左手拿着手绢(handkerchief)，右手拿着高尔夫球(golf)。例： roof - roofs ( 屋顶) golf-golfs 高尔夫球7. 不规则名词复数的变化(1）-ren /-en: child-children ox-oxen(2) a 变e: man-men woman-women (3) oo变ee: foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teeth(4) 面目全非： mouse-mice child-children 8. 名词单复数同型（三动物）sheep - sheep (绵羊) deer - dee
9、r （鹿） fish- fish （鱼）（两人）Chinese-Chinese Japanese -Japanese 9. 国人的变法： 中日人民一致地 Chinese-Chinese Japanese -Japanese 英法联军a改e Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen 其它国人加s American-Americans Australian-Australians 小心提防德国人 German-Germans10.两名词（复合名词）复数前面不变后面变，特例woman/man传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！ apple
10、tree - apple trees girl student - girl students man doctor-men doctors woman teacher-women teachers【即时演练】把下面名词的单数变成复数 coat _ skirt _ dress _ tomato_ house _ watch _ car _ brush _ box _ toy _ umbrella _ ticket _ classroom _ teacher _ son _ student _ job _ woman doctor_ lemon tree _baby_ story_ life_
11、glass_（2） 不可数名词:顾名思义是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。 其前不用冠词 a/an 或数词，但可以用 some,any,a lot of ,a little 等修饰。（1） .不可数名词包括 抽象名词（advice, information,price,happiness等） 液体（water, milk, tea,coffee,juice等) 气体（air,smoke,oxygen,wind） 材料（metal,wood,paper,glass等） 学科类（English, mathematics, history,chemistry等） 食物
12、，肉类beef, pork,chicken,meat,bread,rice ，corn,sugar,salt,等 (hair,)传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！【即时练习】 This table is made of _A. many glass B.glasses C.some glasses D.glass(2) 不可数名词前不能用a 或者 an,可以用the.常用some,much,a little,a lot of ,plenty of 表示多少(3)不可数名词前通常用“单位词+of”来表示数量。如：a cup of 一杯. a bottle of 一瓶. a p
13、iece of 一张.a basket of 一篮. a can of 一罐. a bag of 一袋.a pair of shoes 一双鞋 two cups of tea 两杯茶 five pieces of paper.（4） 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，但是不可数名词前有复数“单位词”时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：There are two cups of coffee on the table .There is some milk in the bottle. (5) 两个及两个以上的并列不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如:Beef and chicken a
14、re on the table.（5） 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much.【想一想】萨拉最喜欢周末待在家悠闲的喝咖啡，听音乐，你知道“一杯咖啡”“一段音乐”怎么用英语表达吗？一杯咖啡 _一段音乐 五片面包 _传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！一则新闻 _三条建议 _4 名词所有格（1） 定义：意为“.的”，表示所有关系的形式叫做名词所有格（2） -s 所有格多表示有生命的事物的名词的所有关系。（1） 一般在名词词尾加 s 。 如：fathers study(书房)，the childrens computer（2） 以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加“
15、 ”。如：the teachers reading room. Teachers Day。（3） 如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加s。如果不是共有的，则两个名词之后都要加s如：Jane and Helens room珍妮和海伦的房间(共有)Bills and Toms radios比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机(不共有)（三）“of 所有格”形式：“of + 所有格”多用来表示无生命的事物所构成的所有关系。a map of China一张中国地图 the walls of the city城墙 the centre of the square广场中心【大显身手】1. This is
16、 _(我妹妹的语文书) 2. _(Lucy和Lily的父亲) is a hotel manager. 3. They are _(Peter 和Sam的老师). 4._(教师节) is on September 10th . 传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！5. _(学生们的桌椅) are very new. 6. We are very happy on _(儿童节).7. He is in the_(老师的办公室) now. 8. Please open _(教室的门). 9. _( Alice和Ben的学校) is big and new. 10. _(Tony哥哥
17、的电脑) is broken. 11. Are these _(男生们的书包) ?12. That is _(Tom和李雷的教室). 【基础练习】一将下列名词变成复数形式watch_strawberry_policeman_child_thief_ mouse_wife_ photo_student_knife_diary_ man doctor_Pear tree_deer_potato_ peach_nurse_ fish_ foot_ zoo_country_sheep_ day_ woman teacher_2 单项选择( ) 1. _ mothers couldnt go to th
18、e meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.A. Marys and Johns B. Marys and John C. Mary and Johns D. Li Lei and Lucy传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！( ) 2. They come from different_A.Country B.countries C. a country D. countrys( ) 3. September 10th is _.A. May Day B. Teachers Day C. Christmas D. Thanksg
19、iving Day( ) 4. There are ten _ in our class.A. boy student B. boys student C. boy students D. boys students( ) 5. John bought _ for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoe( ) 6. Would you like _,please?A. two glass of water B. two glasses o
20、f water C.two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters( ) 7. Kate has three _. A. knife B. knifes C. knivs D. knives( ) 8. The_ has two_A. boys ,watches B. boy,watch C. boy,watches D. boys,watches( ) 9. _ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs( ) 10. I met two _ in the street yes
21、terday morning.A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese( ) 11. Rose is an_ but she is in _ right now.A. Japan girl; American B. English woman; Japanese 传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！C. English girl; Japan D. America; England( ) 12. - Whose ruler is it? - Maybe its _.A. Peter B. Peters C. Marys D
22、. Peters( ) 13. There _ a pair of shoes. Whose shoes _ those?A. are, areB. is, areC. is, is D. are, is( ) 14. There are twenty _ in our school.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teachers D. women teachers( ) 15. Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of3 按照例子，根据中文意思，写出英文
23、1. 一杯水_ 2. 两袋米_2. 三碗水_ 4. 一片面包_5. 六张纸_ 6. 一箱苹果_6. 两双鞋_ 8.一瓶果汁_4 判断下列句子中名词数的变化是否正确，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”，然后在错误的名词下面画横线，并在后面的横线上写出正确的形式： 1. These are Winnies new toys. _2. Look at the deers. They are cute. _3. whats in the basket？ There are some tomatos in it._传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！4. How many monthes
24、are there in a year? _5. Here are my toy buses. _6. Can you see any foxes in the cage? _7. Heres some moneys for you. _8. Tigers like meats. _ 9.Do you like sandwichs? _10. There are many mouses in the hole. _五用所给单词的正确形式填空：1. How many _(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some _(food) in the ba
25、sket.3. The baby has only two _(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of _(water) in the bottle.5. There are five _(people ) in his family.6. Lets take _(photo), OK?7. I have lots of _(tomato) here.8. The _(leaf) on the tree turn yellow.9. Their _(dictionary) look new.11. There are many _(fox) in the picture
26、.12. Different people may have different _(idea).13. Would you like some _(tomato)?14. Jim has some _(knife).15. The girl under the tree is a friend of _(Lucy).传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！16. My little brother has got two _(watch). One _ is old, the other is new.17. This is my _(teacher) office. Ther
27、e are seven _(teacher) in this office.18. March 8th is _(woman) Day.六用所给词的适当形式填空1.March8this_Day.(woman). 3.Theshopsells_(妇女)handbags.4.Teachersinwesterncountrieshavea_(三个月的)holidayinayear.5.IllgivemyEnglishteacheracardfor_Day.(teacher)6.Itsonlyten_(minute)walkfromthestationtothehotel.7.Itsan_(hour)
28、ridefromheretothemuseum. 8.Thatsmy_(father)car.Itsgrey.七：按要求改写下列句子。1. There is an orange tree in the garden. (改为复数句)_2. She is a good teacher. (改为复数句)_3. I have some interesting story books. (改为单数句)_4. There are some women teachers over there. (改为单数句)_5. - What is it? - Its a box. (改为复数句)_传播优秀Word版文档 ，希望对您有帮助，可双击去除！