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1、嘉兴英语教学网 收集整理 欢迎使用Unit 1 Breaking recordsPart Two: Teaching ResourcesSection 3: Words and expressions from Unit 1 Breaking recordsapproximate adj. (abbr. approx) almost correct or accurate, but not completely so: an approximate number / total / cost The cost given is only approximate. Use these figu
2、res as an approximate guide in your calculations. conventional adj. 1. (often disapproving) tending to follow what is done or considered acceptable by society in general; normal and ordinary, and perhaps not very interesting: conventional behaviour / morality Shes very conventional in her views. 2.
3、usually before noun following what is traditional or the way sth has been done for a long time: conventional methods / approaches Its not a hotel, in the conventional sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. 3. usually before noun (especially of weapons) not nuclear: conventional force
4、s / weapons A conventional war would still cause unacceptable devastation. a conventional power station (= using oil or coal as fuel, rather than nuclear power)laughter noun U the act or sound of laughing: to roar with laughter tears/gales / peals / shrieks of laughter to burst / dissolve into laugh
5、ter a house full of laughter (= with a happy atmosphere) He gave a snort of derisive laughter.reality noun (pl. -ies) 1. U the true situation and the problems that actually exist in life, in contrast to how you would like life to be: She refuses to face reality. Youre out of touch with reality. The
6、reality is that there is not enough money to pay for this project. They seemed to have the perfect marriage but the reality was very different. 2. C a thing that is actually experienced or seen, in contrast to what people might imagine: the harsh realities of life This decision reflects the realitie
7、s of the political situation. The paperless office is still far from being a reality. Will time travel ever become a reality? adjustment noun C, U 1. a small change made to sth in order to correct or improve it: Ive made a few adjustments to the design. Some adjustment of the lens may be necessary.2
8、. a change in the way a person behaves or thinks: She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.tough adj. (tougher, toughest) DIFFICULT1. having or causing problems or difficulties: a tough childhood It was a tough decision to make. Shes been having a tough time of i
9、t (= a lot of problems) lately. He faces the toughest test of his leadership so far. It can be tough trying to juggle a career and a family.STRICT / FIRM2. (on / with sb/sth) demanding that particular rules be obeyed and showing a lack of sympathy for any problems or suffering that this may cause: D
10、ont be too tough on himhe was only trying to help. Its about time teachers started to get tough with bullies. The school takes a tough line on (= punishes severely) cheating. Local traders are calling for tougher action against vandals. STRONG3. strong enough to deal successfully with difficult cond
11、itions or situations: a tough breed of cattle Hes not tough enough for a career in sales. Shes a tough cookie / customer (= sb who knows what they want and is not easily influenced by other people).4. (of a person) physically strong and likely to be violent: You think youre so tough, dont you? He pl
12、ays the tough guy in the movie.MEAT5. difficult to cut or chewNOT EASILY DAMAGED6. not easily cut, broken, torn, etc.: a tough pair of shoes The reptiles skin is tough and scaly.UNFORTUNATE7 (on sb) (informal) unfortunate for sb in a way that seems unfair: It was tough on her being dropped from the
13、team like that. (ironic) I cant get it finished in time. Tough! (= I dont feel sorry about it.)extreme adj.1. usually before noun very great in degree: We are working under extreme pressure at the moment. people living in extreme poverty Im having extreme difficulty in not losing my temper with her.
14、 The heat in the desert was extreme.2. not ordinary or usual; serious or severe: Children will be removed from their parents only in extreme circumstances. Dont go doing anything extreme like leaving the country. It was the most extreme example of cruelty to animals I had ever seen. extreme weather
15、conditions 3. (of people, political organizations, opinions, etc.) far from what most people consider to be normal, reasonable or acceptable: extreme left-wing / right-wing views an extreme nationalist organization Their ideas are too extreme for me. 4. only before noun as far as possible from the c
16、entre, the beginning or in the direction mentioned: Kerry is in the extreme west of Ireland. She sat on the extreme edge of her seat. politicians on the extreme left of the partynoun1. a feeling, situation, way of behaving, etc. that is as different as possible from another or is opposite to it: ext
17、remes of love and hate He used to be very shy, but now hes gone to the opposite extreme (= changed from one extreme kind of behaviour to another). 2. the greatest or highest degree of sth: extremes of cold, wind or rain the climatic extremes of the mountains go, etc. to extremes | take sth to extrem
18、es to act or be forced to act in a way that is far from normal or reasonable: Its embarrassing the extremes hell go to in order to impress his boss. Taken to extremes, this kind of behaviour can be dangerous. In the jungle they were driven to extremes in order to survive. in the extreme (formal) to
19、a great degree: The journey would be dangerous in the extreme.unfit adj. 1. (for sth)| (to eat, drink, live in, etc.)| (to do sth) not of an acceptable standard; not suitable: The housing was unfit for human habitation. The food on offer was unfit for human consumption. This water is unfit to drink.
20、 Most of the buildings are unfit to live in. They described him as unfit to govern. (technical) Many of the houses were condemned as unfit. (technical) The court claims she is an unfit mother. 2. for sth| to do sth not capable of doing sth, for example because of illness: Hes still unfit for work. T
21、he companys doctor found that she was unfit to carry out her normal work. 3. (especially BrE) (of a person) not in good physical condition; not fit, because you have not taken exercise: The captain is still unfit and will miss tonights game. fascinate verb to attract or interest sb very much: vn Chi
22、na has always fascinated me. It was a question that had fascinated him since he was a boy. v The private lives of movie stars never fail to fascinate.meditation noun 1. U the practice of thinking deeply in silence, especially for religious reasons or in order to make your mind calm: She found peace
23、through yoga and meditation. He was deep in meditation and didnt see me come in. 2. C, usually pl. (on sth) (formal) serious thoughts on a particular subject that sb writes down or speaks: his meditations on life and arturge verb1. to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth: vn to inf She urged
24、him to stay. Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. v that The report urged that all children be taught to swim. 2. vn sth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly: The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution. 3. vn + adv. / prep. (formal) to make a pe
25、rson or an animal move more quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them: He urged his horse forward. urge sb on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.accomplish verbvn to succeed in do
26、ing or completing sth, achieve: The first part of the plan has been safely accomplished. I dont feel Ive accomplished very much today. Thats it. Mission accomplished (= we have done what we aimed to do).motivate verb 1. vn often passive to be the reason why sb does sth or behaves in a particular way
27、: He is motivated entirely by self-interest.2. to make sb want to do sth, especially sth that involves hard work and effort: vn Shes very good at motivating her students. vn to inf The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more efficiently.3. vn (formal) to give reasons for sth that you hav
28、e stated: Please motivate your answer to question 5. motivated adj.: a racially motivated attack a highly motivated student (= one who is very interested and works hard) motivation noun C, U: What is the motivation behind this sudden change? Most people said that pay was their main motivation for wo
29、rking. Hes intelligent enough but he lacks motivation. All research proposals must be accompanied by a full motivation. devotion noun (to sb/sth)1. U, sing. great love, care and support for sb/sth: His devotion to his wife and family is touching.2. U, sing. the action of spending a lot of time or en
30、ergy on sth: her devotion to duty Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.3. devotions pl. prayers and other religious practicessoul noun SPIRIT OF PERSON1. C the spiritual part of a person, believed to exist after death: He believed his immortal soul was in peril. The howling wi
31、nd sounded like the wailing of lost souls (= the spirits of dead people who are not in heaven).INNER CHARACTER2. C a persons inner character, containing their true thoughts and feelings: There was a feeling of restlessness deep in her soul.SPIRITUAL / MORAL / ARTISTIC QUALITIES3. sing. the spiritual
32、 and moral qualities of humans in general: the dark side of the human soul4. U, C strong and good human feeling, especially that gives a work of art its quality or enables sb to recognize and enjoy that quality: It was a very polished performance, but it lacked soul.5. sing. the of sth a perfect exa
33、mple of a good quality: He is the soul of discretion.PERSON6. C (becoming old-fashioned) a person of a particular type: Shes lost all her money, poor soul. Youre a brave soul.7.C (especially in negative sentences) a person: There wasnt a soul in sight (= nobody was in sight). Dont tell a soul (= do
34、not tell anyone). (literary) a village of 3.00 souls (= with 3.00 people living there)MUSIC8. (also soul music) U a type of music that expresses strong emotions, made popular by African American musicians: a soul singergood for the soul (humorous) good for you, even if it seems unpleasant: Want a ri
35、de? No thanks. Walking is good for the soul.sacred adj. 1. connected with God or a god; considered to be holy: a sacred image / shrine / temple sacred music Cows are sacred to Hindus.2. very important and treated with great respect sacrosanct: Human life must always be sacred. For journalists nothin
36、g is sacred (= they can write about anything). Some companies offer five-year plans but there is nothing sacred about this length of time (= it can be changed).deednoun 1. (formal, literary) a thing that sb does that is usually very good or very bad act: a brave / charitable / evil / good deed a tal
37、e of heroic deeds 2. (often plural in British English) a legal document that you sign, especially one that proves that you own a house or a building: the deeds of the house your good deed for the day a helpful, kind thing that you do: I took Sarahs children to school so Ive done my good deed for the
38、 day.conception noun 1. U the process of forming an idea or a plan: The plan was brilliant in its conception but failed because of lack of money.2. C, U (of sth)| (that . ) an understanding or a belief of what sth is or what sth should be: Marxs conception of social justice He has no conception of h
39、ow difficult life is if youre unemployed.3. U, C the process of an egg being fertilized inside a womans body so that she becomes pregnant: the moment of conception A child is born about 40 weeks after conception takes place.tact noun U the ability to deal with difficult or embarrassing situations ca
40、refully and without doing or saying anything that will annoy or upset other people sensitivity: Settling the dispute required great tact and diplomacy. She is not exactly known for her tact.regret verb (-tt-) 1. to feel sorry about sth you have done or about sth that you have not been able to do: vn
41、 If you dont do it now, youll only regret it. The decision could be one he lives to regret. Ive had a wonderful life, she said, I dont regret a thing. She regretted the words the moment they were out of her mouth. v -ing He bitterly regretted ever having mentioned it. v wh- I deeply regret what I sa
42、id. 2. (formal) used to say in a polite or formal way that you are sorry or sad about a situation: vn The airline regrets any inconvenience. v that I regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation. v to inf We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful. vn that It is
43、to be regretted that so many young people leave school without qualifications.noun U, C a feeling of sadness or disappointment that you have because of sth that has happened or sth that you have done or not done: It is with great regret that I accept your resignation. She expressed her regret at the
44、 decision. a pang / twinge of regret I have no regrets about leaving Newcastle (= I do not feel sorry about it). What is your greatest regret (= the thing that you are most sorry about doing or not doing)? He gave up teaching in 2001, much to the regret of his students.repentance noun U (for sth) th
45、e fact of showing that you are sorry for sth wrong that you have done contrition, remorse: He shows no sign of repentance. The book speaks of the need for repentance and atonement.wisdom noun U 1. the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge tha
46、t you have: a woman of great wisdom: words of wisdom 2. of sth / of doing sth how sensible sth is: I question the wisdom of giving a child so much money. 3. the knowledge that a society or culture has gained over a long period of time: the collective wisdom of the Native American people conventional
47、 / received wisdom the view or belief that most people hold: Conventional wisdom has it that riots only ever happen in cities. in his / her / its, etc. (infinite) wisdom used when you are saying that you do not understand why sb has done sth: The government in its wisdom has decided to support the b
48、an.virtue noun 1. U (formal) behaviour or attitudes that show high moral standards: He led a life of virtue. She was certainly no paragon of virtue!2. C a particular good quality or habit: Patience is not one of her virtues, Im afraid. As a politician, he always emphasized the virtues of compromise and conciliation.3. C, U an attractive or useful quality: The plan has the virtu