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1、宾 语 从 句 The Object Clause,有一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子叫复合句的主干部分，从句修饰主句或作主句的某个成分。从句在主句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等。初中阶段的复合句主要有宾语从句和状语从句。 在从句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。根据引导词的不同，宾语从句又可分为：以 、 、 。,从属连词that引导的宾语从句,以从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句,以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,
2、宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,关系代词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,从属连词that引导的宾语从句,陈述句充当宾语从句时 由that引导的宾语从句大多由陈述句充当。 从属连词that 无实际意义，不再从句中作任何成分，此时从句的成分齐全，句意明确，在 中that可省略。 Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？ We know (that) we should study hard. 我们知道应该努力。,口语和非正式文体,主句谓语动词为think等时,由that引导的宾语从句，其主句的谓语动词主要是think(认为），h
3、ope(希望），say(说），tell(告诉），know(知道），see(看见），hear（听见）， mean(意思是），feel(感觉），wish(希望）等。,宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,一、连词（引导词） 二、时态 三、语序,连词（引导词）,陈述句 that 一般疑问句 whether或if 特殊疑问句 what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why,一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或
4、非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略,Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Lets see if /whether we can f
5、ind out some information about that city .,3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略,Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me
6、who (whom) we have to see .,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?,Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?,I dont know how far it is to the cinema .,Please tell us how soon you will be ready .,二、时态 1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，
7、（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father
8、 would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.,三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks_,2. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me_?,3. Does he know French
9、? We want to know_.,when he will go to the library .,who we are going to meet,if/whether he knows French,1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ? Would you like to know when he will come
10、 back ?,2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；,He asks if I like playing the piano . You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .,3. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ? Do you know whether he is right or not ? I dont care whether hel
11、l stay here or not .,Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back , please let me know . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come,4. 连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别：,C,I dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , wou
12、ld you please ask him to call me ?,will come,comes,5. 连词+宾语从句 连词+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose .,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. w
13、hether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying
14、 now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,1. Could you s
15、how me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 3. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C
16、. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings i
17、n B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. ha
18、ve you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,1. Could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory so far . 2. Did your parents tell you t
19、hat the sun _ (rise) in east ? 3. - What _ he _ (say) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday . 4. Can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,couldnt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. Did he say that their parents _ (com
20、e) here tomorrow . 6. He told me two weeks _(be) enough. 7. The teacher told us that the sun _(be) bigger than the moon . 8. I think I _ (tell) you what _ (do) next . Dont just stay here!,to do,will tell / have told,is,was,would come,9. A: What are you standing here for ? B: Im waiting here to ask M
21、r. Johnson if he _ (give) us a talk on American history . If he _ (have) no time , Ill ask Mr. Smith istead . 10. A: Do you know when Mr Green _ (come) to see us next month ? B: Dont worry . I _ (tell) you when he really _ (come) here .,will give,has,will come,will tell,comes,1. When will he go to t
22、he library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tel
23、l me who are we going to meet ?,4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether he knows French . We want to know if/whether does he know French.,5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Can
24、ada in summer .,1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ? 2. Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith had been in China for about three years .,3. Which
25、book should I read first ? Please tell me . 4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us yesterday.,Please tell me which book I should read first .,Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound yesterday.,1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Would you like t
26、o know when he will come back ?,2. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if,Do you know whether he is right or not ?,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come bac
27、k on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if
28、 D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,1 .The children said they themselves very much . A .if ,enjoy B .why ,enjoyed C .what ,enjoy D .that ,enjoyed,3 .We couldnt
29、find out ,so we asked a policeman . A .whose bike it was B .whose bike was it C .whose it was bike D .whose was it bike 4 .Do you know take to get to the hospital? A .which way must we B .which must we way C .which way we must D .which we must way 5 .Tom asked to school late . A .who did often come
30、B .who often did come C .who often come D .who often came,1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like
31、3. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D
32、.it costs 6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _
33、 ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,1. Could you tell me
34、 if they _ (work) in the factory so far . 2. Did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ? 3. - What _ he _ (say) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday . 4. Can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,co
35、uldnt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. Did he say that their parents _ (come) here tomorrow . 6. He told me two weeks _(be) enough. 7. The teacher told us that the sun _(be) bigger than the moon . 8. I think I _ (tell) you what _ (do) next . Dont just stay here!,to do,will tell / have told,is,was,would
36、 come,9. A: What are you standing here for ? B: Im waiting here to ask Mr. Johnson if he _ (give) us a talk on American history . If he _ (have) no time , Ill ask Mr. Smith istead . 10. A: Do you know when Mr Green _ (come) to see us next month ? B: Dont worry . I _ (tell) you when he really _ (come) here .,will give,has,will come,will tell,comes,THE END,