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1、1,Noun Clause,2,Noun Clauses (名词性从句),Subject Clause (主语从句),Appositive Clause （同位语从句）,Object Clause （宾语从句）,Predicative Clause （表语从句）,3,原来那个女孩想嫁的是个电视机！,play music, sing and dance very well, who can tell interesting stories, who does not smoke or drink , who stays at home in the evenings and who stops
2、talking when Im tired of listening. The young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, but before he left the house, he turned and said to Betty, It isnt a man youre looking for. _ .,Joke 1 Betty was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot of young men wanted to marry her.,One day, one of the young m
3、en came to visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, No, John, I wont marry you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who can,D.What you want is a television set,4,长高点，就不用踮着脚跳舞了,Joke 2 On a girls way home after watching a ballet (芭蕾舞） performance, the kindergarten teacher asked her s
4、tudents what they thought of it. The smallest girl in the class said :“If _ _one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.”,C.my wish that,the dancers can grow taller comes true,5,Joke1: What you want is a television set. Joke 2: If my wish that the dancers can grow taller comes t
5、rue one day, they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.,What kind of clause are they?,主语从句,同位语从句,6,Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句的作用相当于名
6、词，因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,同位语从句,7,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, if ,as if/as though,when, where, how, why,8,1. 主语从句,主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。,1)That she left him hurts him so much. 2)Whether it will please them is not
7、 easy to say. 3) What we need is more practice. 4)When we will begin the meeting is under discussion.,*that 只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。,*whether 是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）,*what 在从句中作主语,*When 在从句中作状语,9,*_(他是否要来)is not yet known. *_(他想告诉我们什么)is not clear. *_(谁会赢得这场比赛)is still unknown. *_(你错过了这次机会)is a pity. =It is _.
8、,Exercise 1:,Whether he will come or not,What he wants to tell us,Who will win the match,That you missed the chance,a pity that you missed the chance,10,注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如:,1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. _ _ 2.That they shou
9、ld like each other is natural. _,*it为形式主语,It is natural that they should like each other.,It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.,11,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识 *_
10、(很遗憾)we lost the match. *_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,12,2) It is + adj. +从句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明显 It is necessary important natural. that *_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow. *_(很明显)this meas
11、ure is effective.,+(should) +do,It is possible that,It is obvious that,13,3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起 *_(刚好)I came into the office at that time. *_(我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.,It happened that,It occurred to me that,14,4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that.
12、据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道 It is believed that.据信;人们相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建议 It must be admitted that必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and
13、 do more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,15,1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 3. _ the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet. 4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 5. _ leaves the
14、room last ought to turn off the lights.,That,What,Whether,Whether,Whoever,填空。,16,6. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 7.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. 8. The Foreign Minister said, “_ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”9.
15、 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.,It,that,It,what,17,1.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to. (2004年广东省卷 ) A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom,高考链接,【试析】这个句子是一个由and连接的并列
16、句。And后是一个含有主语从句的结构，其主句部分是it doesnt matter, 主语从句则是who it is that Im talking to.而在主语从句中，又有一个定语从句，修饰who. Who既是一个引导词，也在it is中作表语.如果再细一点，说who是 (talking) to的介词宾语也可以。,18,2. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海) A. that B. when C. what D
17、. how,【试析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分，故选C.,19,3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. （2003上海春季） A. What; because B. What ; that C. That ; what D. That ; because,【试析】what 在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分.,20,4. The other day, my brother
18、drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004 上海) A. as B. which C. what D. that,解析: I thought 是插入语,可以把它去掉不考虑. what 引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语.宾语从句作at的宾语.,21,5. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.（2005 上海） A. What is required
19、 B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,解析: “It is required that ”是一个固定 句式，it作形式主语, that引导的从句为真正的主语。,22,6. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. 高考真题 A. Because B. That C. / D. What,答案是B。“他变成了富翁, 这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意, 须用that 引导的主语从句。that 在从句中不担任任何成分, 只起连接作用.,23,7. _ I ne
20、ed is more time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which,答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时间。” 根据题意, 应选what 引志的主语从句, what在职从句中作宾语(what = the thing which).主语从句的关联词不能省略, 故排除C。which 表示“哪一个”, that 无词义, 都与句意不符, 故排除。,24,III. 用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。 1. _ he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 2. _ we
21、 will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 3. It is a pity _ we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer holidays.,That,Whether / Where,that,25,4. _ she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 5. _ he came from still puzzles all of us. 6. It happened _ I saw him yesterday. 7. It do
22、es not make any difference to me _ you do.,Whether,Where,that,what,26,8. _ was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 9. _ they will have the sports meet is still a question. 10. It doesnt matter _ she looks like.,Who,When/Where/Whether,what,27,2.同位语从句,同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语的名词性从句，是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释，
23、说明名词的具体内容。 大多数同位语从句由从属连词that (whether, how, when, where, why)引导（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名词后, fact/ news/idea/reason/ hope/ belief/ truth/dream /problem/ advice/ suggestion/ thought/order/ doubt/ answer/ reply ,28,1.They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms. 2.Where did you get the ide
24、a that I could not come. 3. He often asks me this question when Tom will come back from American.,Appositive clause 同位语从句:,29,1. The idea _ computers will recognize human voices surprises many people. 2. The possibility _ the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. 3. I ha
25、ve no idea _(他去了哪里） 4. They are thinking about the question_ _(怎么能够赢得)the competition. 5. Please tell us the truth _(谁为我们做的）.,that,that,how they,who did that for us,where he has gone,Exercise 4:,could win,30,1.The news that our team has won the game was true. *(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息，that虽不作成分, 但不
26、能省略) 2.The news that he told me yesterday was true. *(定语从句, 起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息， that在从句中作told的宾语,可以省略),注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别,31,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few pe
27、ople to help the other groups. 3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 4.The news that we got last week is true. 5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),(定语从句),32,注意1：that / what的辨用,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is
28、obvious.3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 4.He told us _ he felt ill. 5.The result is _ we won the game.6.This is _ we want to know.7. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. 8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.,What,That,what,what,what,（that）,（that）,that,Rules,1.t
29、hat在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用 2. what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。,33,注意2：whether与if的辨用,1.Whether it is true remains a problem. 2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true. 3. He asked whether/if Mary would attend the ceremony. 4.It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5.The question is w
30、hether you should accept it. 6.The question whether hell attend the meeting is important. 7.I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. 8.I dont know whether/if it is right or not.,Rules,1.在由形式主语it引导的主语从句及在vt动词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”， whether/if 都可以用； 2.在前置主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和跟在介词后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”， 只能用whether； 3.在whet
31、her or not 和whether to do 中whether 不能换成if,34,Practice time,if / whether 1. I dont know _ he is well or not. 2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3.It hasnt been decided_ we shall attend the meeting. 4.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will r
32、ecover soon.,whether,whether,whether,whether / if,35,I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。,1. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year. 2. Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you. 3. Please pass me the book _ cover is green.,where,when,whose,练习坊,36,4. Is this the reason _ he refused
33、 our offer? 5. The person to _ you spoke is a famous actor. 6. She sat on the corner of the table near the door by _ her husband always entered. 7. The white flower is the only one _ I really like.,why,whom,which,that,37,8. The news was very exciting _ our class had won the football match. 9. They a
34、re familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms. 10. The question _ we shall have a meeting hasnt been decided. 11. They told the policeman the fact _ they had nothing to do with the murder.,that,that,where / when / whether,that,38,12. All agreed to his suggestion _ a bridge across the r
35、iver be built. 13. The question _ should do the work requires consideration. 14. This is our only request _ this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 15. Word came _ our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese.,that,who,that,that,39,1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站。 I have no idea how I can get to the railway stat
36、ion. 2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.,II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。,40,3. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。 People used to hold the opinion that the earth was the center of the universe. 4. 没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。 No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.,41,5.
37、 我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 The question when we will start the work is not decided,42,1. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact _ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why,A,A,III. Choose the correct answer.,43,3. The news _
38、he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it,B,B,44,5. I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ 6. Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held
39、 tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which,B,A,45,7. The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that 8. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what,D,C,46,9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients
40、 fear _ he would die of the disease. A. that B. as C. of which D. which,A,47,10. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when,A,48,11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whethe
41、r,B,49,13. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 14. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which,D,B,50,15. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. that B. what that C.
42、that what D. whether,that 引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。,C,51,16. A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (04,上海） A. when B. where C. what D. that,D,52,17. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of
43、private cars _ road conditions need_. (03,上海） A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving,A,53,18. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot never. A. that B. which C. of which D. what,A,54,19. I have no idea _ we can spend our holiday. A
44、. where B. which C. that D. what,A,55,20. The news _ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news _ our team has won the match is true. A. /; that B. that; / C. that; which D. that; who,A,56,Pick up one number and finish the task in it, then you can get some points.,Game Time!,57,1.The suggestion
45、that she has put forward is very good. 2.The suggestion that we clean the classroom by turns is very good.,判断：名词性从句定语从句,名词性从句,定语从句,2,58,3,一、Fill in the blanks,1._ the factory pours into the air is harmful to our health. 2._ is said that billions of yuan has been spent on the Shanghai Expo 3.Why he p
46、revented others from entering the house was _his only hen was laying eggs in the house,What,It,that,59,The news that 30 persons died in the big fire in Sichuan brought Chinese great sadness.,News , brought Chinese great sadness.,Make a sentence,5,30 people die, the big fire in Sichuan .,60,二、单句填空 It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. 2. _ was most important to h