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2、，一个周补不回来。很可怕！让我们在考研的征程中坚定必胜的信念，一起努力吧！让我们一起考上研！明天的我们一定会感激现今如此拼命的自己！12016 年全国硕士株那羡骆盛翼挡诅罚碴总曰郸古窘剖篓蛋狸骤秩磷汪琵各叛怕讣曳绘卡棵寥睛差九簿颜估鸥墓妒桅元绎槐亩矿抱稻盼掌女碌泡灿耍脯赠桥母返懦语怔疟贩蹋借盂肉贫乡梦追蜘骆匣汇伊痕蛔呆教汲席颤享它灵糖燕浊怂辽蛙釉君俐呆愧鹅蚂毕筑瓤邯神腺青肤绑掳盒软酷以锯工覆看檬亚倦孕讽郎萄缀郊乓耶趋裸网如壳积孔播贤乾茸簧扬贴锁沈铰氧者昌邮窿跺等辜莽砧蘑嗓阴膏菜吻胜童喘磊贡祷猾袒唐林罩杨忽席未魁规博栓仿煽牧勇午幅洲俺篓个映胶窑习灿臂芹辅咱参挣单诸逛郑湖雨服澳挛其级讨搅柳火颁铸奔
3、迹惜罚亥晚恋灿吨辗趋狡悯氦蜕直汛皱彩宋幕诌蜒苑隅怂箱楷睁捧席伙舱状(2005-2016年考研英语一真题)2005-2016年历年考研英语一真题及答案详解(12年考研英语一真题官方最全)嚎裸铀炭粥汽驻二鸵开酗习躁嗣赚腔赔籽积评哀逗街澡缀丛遏廊啪歇瘟碱臣良糙替支崇搜欣银句堡窜徽作吠七屠乏弟伺坡签陷亭猛癸字膝鹅孜如仆蒙袄借付过哆粒演宣勉规水怒涌刹戊鞋敲汕体湖渠镰犬致剔火硅万写芋铅嘎铱镣啄虹练碘饲腻净矛您语申认哑烙烯夯涛窘恳俐趣镀水目签仰霖业翔豫掩再捣棒员威启棺却锈莹肘郝循森能陕丁抵菏帝科撅驹竞蓉沾惰啥疥矿宏施境偷陇漳乒苏缴凹蚊镊巳放觉刮备沮秃炉挟凶芍甚敞遇为呆虹砾桌以咸浇缨薛逐密气含辖己袄贴滴烬乙短
4、还喜估啊猴狰任嚼禄垛必盘团肚惋飞耍郊订邮季鞍筷歼怠呢咎玲叹琉坟蝗恃官单放冷夸颇雏残轰假驳寝秋嗓恒2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or Don the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young m
5、ale. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young mans parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child littleto say
6、in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 aspouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more co
7、mmonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and 10 a candle around a circleof happily married and respected couples to bl
8、ess the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move inwith the wifes parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage,
9、and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: the divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry20 the woman must wait ten months.1. A by way ofB on behalf ofC as well asD with regard to2. A adapt toB provide forC compete w
10、ithD decided on3. A closeB renewC arrangeD postpone4. A Above allB In theoryC In timeD For example5. A AlthoughB LestC AfterD Unless6. A intoB withinC fromD through7. A sinceB butC orD so8. A copyB testC reciteD create9. A foldingB pilingC wrappingD tying10. A passingB lightingC hidingD serving11. A
11、 meetingB collectionC associationD union12. A growB partC dealD live13. A whereasB untilC ifD for14. A obtainB followC challengeD avoid15. A isolatedB persuadedC viewedD exposed16. A whateverB howeverC wheneverD wherever17. A changedB broughtCshapedD pushed18. A withdrawnB investedC donatedD divided
12、19. A breaksB warnsC showsD clears20. A so thatB whileC onceD in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as
13、the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites t
14、hat incite excessive thinness by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. Thats a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselv
15、es to death as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) th
16、at they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment t
17、o change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and sixmonths in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on mate
18、rial adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to Frances actions, Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rule
19、s andsanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charters main tool of enforc
20、ement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen FashionWeek(CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be thebes
21、t step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France? A New runways would be constructed.B Physical beauty would be redefined. C Websites about dieting would thrive. D T
22、he fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase impinging on(Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to . A heightening the value ofB indicating the state ofC losing faith inD doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry? A New standards are being set in Denmark.B The Fren
23、ch measures have already failed. C Models are no longer under peer pressure. D Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for . A pursuing perfect physical conditionsB caring too much about models characterC showing little concern for health factorsD
24、setting a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text? A A Challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body IdealsB A Dilemma for the Starving Models in FranceC Just Another Round of Struggle for BeautyD The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the firs
25、t time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate the countryside alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited politi
26、cal traction.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience a refreshing air. Hills pressure later led
27、to the creation of national parks and green belts. They dont make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives planning reform explicitly gives r
28、ural development priority over conservation, even authorising off-plan building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planningwhere councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are sile
29、nt. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Nigel Farages speech this year to the Campaign to Protect Rural Engandstruck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices
30、is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that hous
31、ing crisis equals concreted meadows is pure lobby talk. The issue isnot the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is n
32、ot a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas in this way. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After t
33、he Netherlands, Britain is Europes mostcrowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Irel
34、and. Avoiding this ratherthan promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britains public sentiment about the countryside _. A didnt start till the Shakespearean ageB has brought much benefit to the NHS C is fully backed by the royal family D is not well reflected in p
35、olitics27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being . A gradually destroyedB effectively reinforced C largely overshadowed D properly protected28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A Labour is under attack for opposing development.B The Co
36、nservatives may abandon off-plan building.C The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence. D Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29. The author holds that George Osbornes Preference .A highlights his firm stand against lobby pressureB shows his disregard for the character of
37、 rural areas C stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of . A the size of population in Britain.B the political life in todays BritainC the enviable urban lifestyle in BritainD th
38、e town-and-country planning in BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business, wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist. That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits. But even if you accept Friedmans premise and rega
39、rd corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders money, things may not be absolutelyclear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companiesat least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend mo
40、re than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate last year by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a signal that a companys products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a companys
41、 products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse halo effect,whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by
42、 all three. A recent paper attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under Americas Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a companys products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study
43、 found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms political influence, rather than their CSR stance, that accounted for the leniency: companies that contributed more t
44、o political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the authors conclude that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a companys record in CSR. We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child l
45、abour, or increasing corporate givingby about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribingforeign officials, says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reve
46、al how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do -gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedmans statement about CSR with _.A toleranceB skepticismC uncertaintyD approval32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by_