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1、非谓语动词 非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。 V2z动名词一 动名词-ing作主语动名词-ing和动词不定式to do都可以作主语，但是在以下的句型中只能用动名词作主语。 It is / was no use /good not any use /good + doing sth. of little use /good useless若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.二 动名词 作宾语以下动词或动
2、词词组常用动名词作宾语 Mind, finish, enjoy, image, keep, practice, suggest, miss, consider, prevent, advise, give up, cant help, insist on, devote to, look forward to, feel like, be used to, pay attention to等等。 Our monitor suggested _ a discussion of this subject. (85年) A to have B should have C have D having
3、解析：选D “我们的班长建议对这个题目进行讨论。” “suggest”后跟动名词作宾语。 三 下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但是它们的意义不一样。 Remember to do 记住去做某事 Doing记得曾经做过的事 Forget to do 忘记去做某事 Doing 忘记已经做过某事 Stop to do 停下来接着做另一件事 Doing停止做一件事 Mean to do 想做某事 Doing 尝试着做某事 Go on to do （做完某事）接着做另一件事 Doing 尝试着做某事 Cant help to do 不能帮助做某事 Doing 情不自禁地做某事
4、try to do 努力做某事 doing 尝试着做某事 regret to do 后悔去做某事 doing 后悔已经做过某事 四 动词need , require , want 作“需要”解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Be worth 后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。此外，若动词need表“需要”，require表“要求”，want 表“想要”这些意义时，其后必须接名词或代词作宾语，然后接不定式作宾语补足语。 need / require / want doing / to be done sb. to do sth.
5、 be worth + n. （表示钱数或相当于钱数的名词） doing be worthy of being done of + n. 值得to be done 例如： The book is worthy to being read. The book is worthy to be read.五 动名词做状语，可以做时间状语，原因状语，条件状语， 让步状语，伴随状语等。 例如：Hearing the news , his parents are very happy. （条件状语） Having been lost the keys, he couldnt enter the room.
6、 （原因状语） The girl sits in the garden , reading a book . （伴随状语） The cup dropped to the ground , breaking into pieces. （结果状语） 动词不定式一 不定式做主语1 可以直接放在句首 To play basketball is a pleasure to me. 2 可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式置于谓语动词之后。 It is a pleasure for me to play basketball It takes half an hour for me to go to
7、 school from home . 注意：句型 It is + adj. + for (of ) sb. to do sth用法. It is very important for us to learn English. 二 不定式做宾语1 动词不定式跟在以下词后做宾语agree , ask , desire , fail , refuse , intend , plan , manage , decide 等。2 动词不定式作介词的宾语，一般用于“疑问连词wh- +不定式”结构。We should take the advise on how to learn maths.但是在表示“
8、除外”的but , except等少数介词的后面，可用带to的不定式。其前如有实义动词“do”字样时，不定式的符号 “to”需省略。 He had no choice but to work hard. She did nothing but cry.3 动词不定式可以直接放在动词之后，也可以使用形式宾语 ，并把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。 I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much money. A this B that C its D it 解析：选D 不定式短语“to master a forei
9、gn language ”在句中做真正的宾语，因它带有自己的补足语“possible”，故必须用形式宾语it。 4 在感官动词或使役动词feel , see , smell , let , have等后，作宾补的不定式不带to。但是使役动词和感官动词用于被动结构时，要用带to 的不定式 做宾补。 John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A to wash B washing C wash D to be washing 解析: A 句中的谓语“was made ”为被动结构，其宾补应带“to”的不定式to wash。 三 动词不
10、定式做目的，原因状语 The Bismarck sailed into the Atlantic ocean to cut off American supplies to Britain. （目的状语） 动名词做目的状语时，不定式可以变成 “ in order ( not ) to do”, “so as ( not ) to do. He is playing basketball in the playground to relax himself. 原因状语 真题解析：1 _ from other continents for millions of years, Australia
11、has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005 )A Being separated B Having separatedC Having been separated D To be separated解析：选A Having been separated为现在分词完成体的被动语态，表示动作完成和被动。2 _ , the more expensive the camera , the better its quality. ( 2005 ) A General speaking B
12、Speaking general C Generally speaking D Speaking generally 解析：选C 固定搭配。 3 He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left. A to have found B finding C found D to find 解析：选D only+ 不定式，在句中做结果状语，表示一件意想不到的令人失望的结果。 4 I send you 100 dollar today, the rest _ in a year. A follows B followed C to fol
13、low D being followed 解析：选C to follow 为动词不定式结构，在句中与the rest 构成独立主格，不定式在此表示将来发生的事。5 Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview . _ the answers ready will be of great help.A To have had B Having had C Have D Having 解析：选 D Having the answers ready在句中做主语。6 He got well-prepared for the job interview
14、, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A to lose B losing C to be lost D being lost 解析：risk doing sth.“冒险做某事“仿真练习：1 _, most of the spelling mistakes can be avoided.A Checking your composition carefullyB Check your composition carefullyC If you check your composition carefullyD Your compositio
15、n is carefully checked 2 While_ the old temple, a few workers fell down and were badly hurt.A rebuilding B to rebuild C having rebuilt3 His parents wouldntt allow her_ anyone who is poor. A to marry to B marrying toC to marry D to be married with4 The managers discussed the plan that they would like
16、 to see _ the next year.A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out5 When he was decorating his house , he got the bedroom _ first.A to paint B painting C painted D to be painted6 Two hundred raised _ bicycle were returned to their owners last month.A steal B stolen C stealing D be stole
17、n7 The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A hear B to hear C hearing D heard8 The problem _ now has nothing important to do with our everyday life.A to be discussing B to discuss C been discussed D being discussed9 _, they will go and visit the zoo.A Weather permitting B Weather permittedC Weather being permitted D Weather having permitted10 _ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A Followed B Followed byC Being followed D Having been followed by参考答案： CAACC BDDAB