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1、2019中考英语短文语法选择+首字母阅读新选（7）一、阅读理解。A（2019中考保健与健康类选练）Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce the chance of becoming short-sighted, a research shows. It challenges the belief(信念) that short-sightedness is caused by computer use, watching TV or reading in weak light.The Australian
2、 government researchers believe that the sunlight is good for peoples eyes. They compared the vision(视力) and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in Singapore and Australia. In all, 30% of the Singaporean children were short-sightedthis rate(比率) was ten times higher than Australian children.Both gr
3、oups spend a similar amount(数量) of time reading, watching television and playing computer games. However the Singaporean children spent an average (平均) of only half an hour a day outdoors90 minutes less than the Australian children.Professor Ian Morgan, from the Australian Research Councils vision C
4、entre, said, “Humans are naturally long-sighted, but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors, the number of short-sighted people gets larger. Were also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the world and the main reason may be that city child
5、ren spend less time outdoors.Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light. But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical(化学物质) which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people fro
6、m becoming short-sighted.So be outdoors. It doesnt matter if that time is spent having a picnic or having sports.1. How much time did the Australian children spend outdoors on average according to the research?A. 30 minutes. B. 60 minutes. C. 90 minutes. D. 120 minutes. 2. Which of the following is
7、TRUE according to the passage?A. If people spend less time outdoors they will certainly become short-sighted.B. There are fewer short-sighted Singaporean Children than Australian children because they have more knowledge of protecting their eyesight.C. There will be fewer risks of getting short-sigh
8、ted if people spend two or three hours a day playing outside. D. When people begin to go to school they will become long-sighted.3. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?A. Why natural daylight has a special chemical.B. Why daylight prevents people from becoming short-sighted.C. Why daylight is m
9、uch brighter than indoor light.D. What the special chemical which can stop eyeballs from growing out of shape is.参考答案1. D 2. C3. BBDifferent countries have many different kinds of climate (气候)And in one big country people in different areas may often have different kinds of climates as well.The Unit
10、ed States has many different kinds of climate.On the northwest coast (海岸)，the temperature changes very little between summer and winter.It is not hot or cold all the year around.But the people in the north central states have a very different kind of climate.In those states，people wear light clothes
11、 in summer，and in winter they need to wear heavy woolen clothes.In the southwest coast of the United States，temperatures in summer are very different from those in winter.Summer is usually hot，and winter is usually cold.In spring the temperatures are warm，and in fall temperatures are cool.Many years
12、 ago，people in the cold parts of the United States didnt often get fresh vegetables and fresh fruits during the summer.Today，however，trucks and trains carry fruits and vegetables very quickly to the cold parts of the United States.In this way，Americans“send their climates”to people in other states.(
13、)6. The summer and winter temperatures are almost the same _.A. in the northeast of the United States B. on the north central statesC. in the west of the United States D. on the northwest coast()7. In the north central states people wear _ clothes in summer and _clothes during the winter.A. silk; li
14、ght B. light; heavy wollen C. wool; cotton D. wool; silk()8. The word “temperature”in this passage means “_” in Chinese.A. 湿度 B. 脾气 C. 气候 D. 温度()9. Today people _ can get fresh vegetables and fresh fruits.A. in the north central states B. in every part of the United StatesC. in the cold parts of the
15、 United States D. in the southwest part of the United States()10. From the passage we know that the climate of the United States _.A. is always very cold B. is warm in winterC. is widely different D. changes very little between summer and winter参考答案610 D B D C CC（2019中考科普环保类选练）Apple has entered the
16、textbook market. The tech giant（科技巨头） introduced iBooks textbooks a couple of weeks ago when it announced its iBooks 2 platform.（平台）They are digital books in a variety of subjects taking in science, maths, history and geography.Apple developed its iPad-based textbooks in conjunction（连接）with major te
17、xtbook publishers. The company offers a collection of textbooks for high school students.Apple claims it offers a “new textbook experience” and suggests its interactive iBooks textbooks are “the next chapter in learning”.It sounds like good news for pupils and students. Think of it. No more carrying
18、 heavy backpacks full of textbooks. Every textbook you require can be stored on your iPad. No more having to buy expensive textbooks which you will only use for a year or two and then sell or give away.Of course theres a catch. You need to own an iPad and as you know, it is not cheap. You also need
19、to buy digital textbooks, mostly priced each at $14.99 (94.74 yuan) or less. Textbook publishing was worth $8.7 billion in the US alone last year. Will digital books take over completely in education?1. What can we find this kind of passage?A. In a magazine B. In a science book C. In the newspaper D
20、. In a textbook2. According to the passage above, why iPads are better than our traditional textbooks?A. Because students dont need to carry heavy books. B. Because they can store many subjects.C. Because we dont need to do homework.D. Both A and B.3. The underlined sentence “theres a catch” in the
21、sixth paragraph means _.A. Every coin has two sides B. There is some good news C. There is some bad news C. We have to catch it.4. Whats the writers opinion toward this new technology?A. He completely agreed with it B. He thinks high school students like it.C. He likes it so much that he buys one. D
22、. He doesnt tell us.5. How will the writer continue this passage?A. To talk about the disadvantages and advantages about iPads.B. To introduce the history about the paper making and see if iPads will enter the new market.C. To tell us how the high school students use iPads.D. To ask people to use th
23、eir traditional textbooks instead of iPads.参考答案CDADB二、语法选择。阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The back door of the ambulance（救护车） was suddenly shut. The driver ran to the front, jumped into his seat and _1_ the engine. Inside were the worried parents, Mr. and Mrs. Green
24、. The mother was holding _2_ baby daughter, Ellen. The little girl had _3_ food stuck in her throat(卡住喉咙） and _4_ hardly breathe.The driver, Mr. White, turned _5_ his siren(警笛) and flashing light, and started speeding towards the _6_ hospital. The cars ahead of him pulled out of the way as he drove
25、through the busy traffic. From the back of the ambulance, the parents were shouting _7_ him to hurry, since Ellen had almost stopped breathing. Mr. White knew he had no time to lose, _8_ he drove straight past the traffic lights.Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver who was listen
26、ing to his radio _9_ hear the ambulance. The lights were green, and he drove straight on into the path of the ambulance.Mr. White tried _10_ his ambulance, but it was too late. It hit _11_ taxi. Everyone was shaken, _12_ no one was hurt. Mr. White looked back to see _13_ little Ellen was.“Look!” cri
27、ed Mrs. Green. “She _14_ again.”“It must have been the crash,” said her husband _15_. “It knocked the food out of her throat. The accident turned out to be a blessing.”1. A. start B. started C. has startedD. starts2. A. their B. theirs C. they D. them3 .A. any B. no C. some D. each4. A. would B. mig
28、ht C. should D. could5. A. on B. off C. out D. into6. A. near B. nearly C. nearer D. nearest7. A. with B. by C. at D. for8. A. because B. althoughC. so D. after9. A. was not B. would notC. has not D. did not10. A. stop B. to stop C. stops D. stopped11. A. the B. a C. an D. /12. A. and B. or C. but D
29、. before13. A. where B. how C. when D. what14. A. is breathing B. breathed C. was breathing D. will breathe15. A. happy B. happily C. unhappy D. happiness参考答案15 BACDA 610 DCCDB 1115 ACBAB三、短文首字母填空。Last year, four children waited for their school bus every day for ten minutes, on the same dirty stree
30、t corner. Old bottles, parts of old bikes, and empty soda cans (苏打罐) could be 1. s everywhere around the bus stop. The trees were brown and had no leaves, and there werent any flowers at all. One Friday, one of the children looked at the corner and 2. d to do something about it. The next Monday, she
31、 brought a bag and collected some of the old bottles to 3. r . On Tuesday, she spent another ten minutes picking up old bottles, while her best friend Judy picked up soda cans and 4. p them in different bags for recycling. On Wednesday, all the 5. c joined together. The 6. c became clean! The corner
32、 looked better, but it was still ugly. So the next day the girl 7. b some flower seeds. She planted the seeds and watered 8. t , and watered the trees, too. It only took ten minutes a day 9. b that was enough. A few months later, this corner became a beautiful garden 10. w many flowers and trees. It
33、 only took ten minutes a day. Do you have ten minutes a day to help your city?【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了四个孩子把原本脏乱不堪的街角变成美丽街角的故事。文章告诉我们：一天只要抽出10分钟，也许就会让我们的城市变得漂亮起来。 1. seen【解析】分析句意可推知，这个街角的垃圾随处可见，应用动词see，垃圾和看见之间是动宾关系，因此应用被动语态。故填see的过去分词形式seen。2. decided【解析】分析句意可知，此处指的是决定做些什么。对应词是decide。由前半句中的“looked at”可知应用一
34、般过去时。故填decided。3. recycle【解析】分析句意并结合所给词汇可知，这里指收集了一些旧瓶以回收利用，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填recycle。4. put【解析】分析句意“把它们放进不同的袋子里”及首字母提示可知put，放进，符合句意。故填put。 5. children【解析】根据句意及句中的all可知应用名词复数。故填children。6. corner【解析】根据下文“The corner looked better.”可知此处指角落。故填corner。7. brought【解析】分析句意可知此处是指带来一些种子。从某地带来某物，bring。分析句子结构可知此处填动词过去式。故填brought。 8. them【解析】句意为：她种下种子并给浇水，也浇了树。分析句意可知空格处所填的词指代的是前面的seeds，对应词为they。空前的watered为动词，后面用代词宾格形式。故填them。9. but【解析】句意为：每天只花费10分钟，那已经足够了。前后句表示转折关系。故填but。10. with【解析】句意为：几个月以后，这个角落变成了很多花草树木的漂亮花园。分析句意并联系上下文可知，通过孩子们的努力，脏乱不堪的角落变成了有很多花草树木的花园。应用介词表示“伴随”，对应词是with，意为“有，凭借”。故填with。8