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1、.,1,初中定语从句讲解,.,2,定语从句,概念:在复合句中修饰前面的名词或代词的句子叫定语从句.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句,.,3,定语从句的结构,先行词 + 关系词 + 从句,.,4,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系词,先行词,定语从句,.,5,关系代词： that 指人，指
2、物 Which 指物 作主语（不能省略） 或宾语（可以省略） Who 指人 Whom 指人（做宾语） Whose 指人，指物（+名词）作定语,.,6,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时, 用 that、which、 whose 引导.,These are the trees which were planted last year.,当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.,.,7,who, that , whom, whose用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a wor
3、ker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,.,8,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,.,9,Whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾
4、语,.,10,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,.,11,whose 作定语,表示所属关系。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,.,12,A child _ parents are dead is called an o
5、rphan( 孤儿). A. who B. whose C. whos D. which,.,13,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,.,14,4. My parents live in a house_
6、 is more than 100 years old.,5.,which/that,Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,.,15,Exercise 2 :用关系代词填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought
7、 last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,.,16,小结： that 既可指人，也可指物 which指物，,who 指人， 既可以作主语，也可以作宾语。 作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（who常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,.,17,二、只能用 that ，常见的情况有五种：,当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everyb
8、ody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,.,18,The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 当先
9、行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。 Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?,.,19,5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. The man and his dog that I always meet
10、 are standing by the gate.,.,20,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _ father is a business man? 7. 8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,.,21,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lo
11、t about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,that,that,当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.,.,22,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,当
12、先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,.,23,1)This is the hero of whom we are proud .,2)The room in which I live is very big.,注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look aft
13、er,look at ,三、关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。,人+介词+whom,物+介词+which,.,24,2. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,which,whom,which,1.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.,.,25,中考链接。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.how C.what D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beau
14、tiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen 4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.whichB.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is the animal _baby is sleepin
15、g in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.which,A,C,B,D,B,.,26,6. This book is for the students _mother language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose 8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which 9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./ 10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. what,C,C,A,A,B,.,27,Thank you!,Bye-bye,