上海牛津英语5B语法知识点复习试题.docx

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1、.5B 语法知识点复习M1U1 What a mess1. What a mess!多么混乱啊= How mess it is!感叹句 what引导的句型 What + a/an形容词可数名词单数主语谓语!e.g. What a nice present it is!它是一件多么好的礼物啊!How引导的句型 How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语!e.g. How careful she is!她多么细心啊!2. 代词 形容词性物主代词后面一般要带上名词e.g. my watch,his cousin,our school1 名词性物主代词本身就可以看作是名词,故其后不能再加名词,可单独使用 。2e

2、.g. - Is that your bike?- No. Mine is blue. -那是你的自行车么? -不。我的(自行车)是蓝的。名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词 +名词e.g. Thisisherscarf. = Thisscarfis hers.这是她的围巾。人称代我你他她它我们你们他们词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的我的词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir物主代词名 词性yourshishersitsoursyourstheirsmine物主代词我自

3、己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他们自己反身代yourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselvesmyself词3. whose 提问谁的e.g. - Whose school bag is this?- It s mine. -这是谁的书包?- 它是我的(书包)。4. 复数 this这 - these这些that那 those那些5. tidy up the room整理房间6. on the sofa在沙发上7. 名词所有格BenandKitty sbedroom(两者共有的房间).Ben sandKitty sbed

4、room(两者各自的房间)8. a lot of许多(既可用在可数名词也可以用在不可数名词)= many (可数) = much(不可数)9. should应该(情态动词)should + do(动词原形)e.g. We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。10. fall onto the floor落在地上11. be careful小心12. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.给某人某物13. pick up捡起M1U2 Watch it grow1. 一般过去时定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 (关键)just now,y

5、esterday ,last week,this morning 等。构成:主语动词的过去式其他动词过去式的变化规则:1 一般在动词原形末尾加ede.g. play- played , listen- listened,want wanted ,enjoy enjoyed2 结尾是e 的动词,加de.g. live - lived, like - liked,taste - tasted3 辅音字母y 结尾的动词,变y 为 i ,再加 ede.g. study - studied,cry - cried4 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母, 再加 ede.g. stop-

6、stopped ,plan - planned5 不规则变化am/is - was, are - were, have had, come came, become became, make made, eat ate , put put2. aninterestinginsect一种有趣的昆虫3. agreencaterpillar一条绿色的毛毛虫4. likeeatingleaves喜欢吃叶子like doing sth.喜欢(做)某事5. abrowncocoon 一个棕色的茧子6. makealotofsilk产许多的蚕丝7. comeout出来8. lay eggs产蛋9. cryi

7、nmybed 在我的床上哭泣10. born出生be bornin,on 等,表示“出生的时间,地点”e.g. Little Justine isborninariver小贾斯汀出生在一条河里。IwasbornonMay5, inShanghai 我在 5 月 5 日出生于上海。11. catchflies/catchafly抓苍蝇12. First Next Then Finally首先 其次 然后 最后.M1U3 How noisy1. 动词过去式不规则变化:do did , hear heard , sit sat, can could2. want to read a book想要读一

8、本书want to do sth.想要做某事3. sitonthesofa坐在沙发上4. watch a cartoon看动画片5. atCitySquare在城市广场6. enjoytheloud music喜欢喧闹的音乐7. haveagreat fun玩得愉快8. play sth. for sb. = play sb. sth.为某人表演(演奏)9. loud louder(比较级) - loudest(最高级)表示两者“比较”时用比较级,结构为:比较级 tha n,表示“ xx 比 xxx 更 ”形容词比较级的构成规则: 一般在词尾加 ere.g.taller, longer , s

9、tronger, younger1 字母 e 结尾,只加 re.g.late later, nice nicer2 以辅音字母 y 结尾,变 y 为 i ,再加 ere.g.heavy heavier3 双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ere.g.fat fatter , thin thinner , big bigger4 双音节和多音节词的比较级,在原级前加moree.g.more beautiful, morecareful5 不规则变化e.g.good-better, many/ much-more, far-farther, bad/ill-worse6三个或三个以上的人或物进行比较,用形容

10、词最高级结构为: the+形容词最高级 in/of等表示范围的短语,表示“最 ” 。e.g. He wants to hear the loudest noise in the world.他想听到世界上最大的噪声。10. must必须(情态动词)must + do(动词原形)11. after that从那以后12. become quiet变得安静了M2U1 Food and drinks1. havefor breakfast为早餐准备了。 。2. sound healthy听起来健康3. either表示也,通常只用于否定句 ,且要放在 句末e.g. I don t know, eit

11、her.我也不知道。too 表示也,一般用在 肯定句 中,放在 句末 e.g. I am going to see the film, too.我也正打算去看电影。4.sth.isimportant=Its importanttodosth.e.g. Breakfastisimportant. (早餐是重要的。 ) = It s importantto havebreakfast.(吃早餐很重要。)5.favourite. =likebest.e.g. Applesaremyfavouritefood. (苹果是我最喜欢的食物) = Ilikeapplesbest.(我最喜欢苹果。)6.kee

12、paway 远离 , 离 远一点e.g. An apple a day keeps the doctor away!一天一苹果,医生远离我 !sb. keep sth./sb. away某人离某物 / 某人远一点e.g. We must keep the matches away from the fire.我们必须使这些火柴远离火烛。keep sb./sth. (away) from sth./sb.让 远离 e.g. Keep the child away from the barking dog.让这小孩离那只狂叫的狗远一些。7.名词复数 tomato tomatoes ; potato

13、 potatoes ; mango mangoes ( 芒果 ) ; hero heroes (英雄 )8.反义词healthy unhealthy健康 不健康 ; happy unhappy高兴 不高兴9. in the fridge在冰箱里10. a hole in the wall墙上一个洞11. do some exercise做一些锻炼exercise不可数名词 . (身体或脑部的)活动, 锻炼 , 运动e.g. take exercise锻炼身体可数名词 . (保持健康或培养技能的)一套动作, 训练活动 , 练习 e.g. do morning exercises做早操12.sth

14、. happen to sb.表示某人出了某事( 常指不好的事发生在某人身上)e.g. Whathappenedtoyou? = Whatwaswrong/thematterwithyou?你怎么啦?sb. happen todosth.表示某人碰巧做某事13. in the end最后M2U2 Films1. shall 作为助动词,一般用于第一人称和We,表示一个将来的动作 , 构成将来时。 Shall 后面接动词原形。e.g. We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的.Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。e.g. Wh

15、at shall we do this evening?今晚我们能做什么?2. There are three films onat City Cinema.在城市影院有三部电影在上映。句意有两个部分,第一部分要断在on,即: thereare threefilmson - 有三部电影在上映(be on -上映 );第二部分at city cinema -在城市影院3. which提问哪一个 , 哪一些e.g. Which one do you want to see?你想看哪一个?4. next time下一次5. leave home离开家6. ticketoffice售票处7. star

16、t in five minutes在五分钟内开场.8. have a look看一看9. a magic mirror一面魔法镜子10. takeinto a forest带 进入一个森林11. fair fairest公平的 最公平的12. fallasleep 入睡13. wake up醒过来14. find out找到15.反义词fallasleep - wake up入睡 -醒过来 ;entrance exit入口 出口M2U3 School subjects1. what about (doing) sth. = how about (doing) sth.2.Its time to

17、 do sth =its time for +名词e.g. Its time for class. = Its time to have class.3. have a short break稍作休息= have a rest4. fromto 表示从 至 ;从 到 e.g. Lunch is from eleven to two.从十一点到两点开午饭。5. because表示原因,语气较强,可用来回答why 提出的问题e.g. - Why do you like English ?你为什么喜欢英语?- Because it is interesting.因为它很有趣。6. learn thi

18、ngs every day每天学东西7. countfromone toten 从一数到十8. on the paper在纸上9. lookat hispapercarefully仔细看他的纸10. colourhispicture给他的图画上色11. at first起初,当初12. at last终于;结果M3U1 Signs1.No smoking!= Dont smoke! 禁止吸烟!2. No swimming!= Dont swim! 禁止游泳!3.D ont litter! =Dont leave rubbish! = No littering!不要乱扔垃圾!4.Don t wa

19、lk on the grass!不要践踏草坪!5.Don t ride your bicycle. = No bicycles!不要骑自行车!6.Dont play football.= No footballs!不要踢足球!7.Don t walkyour dog here. = No dogs!不要把你的狗带到这!8.- What does the signmean? = Whats themeaning of the sign?这个标志是什么意思?- It means它的意思是。 。9. have a picnic举行野餐10. want to do sth.想要做某事11. must必

20、须(情态动词)mustnt禁止 / 不允许must /mustnt + do (动词原形).12. get out of here从这出去13. on the bench在长椅上14. throw rubbish扔垃圾15. on the way to在去。的路上16. leave them in the forest把他们留在森林里17. say toherself对她自己说18. take the childrenintothe forest带孩子们进入19. in the middle of在。中间森林20. stay here待在这里21. come back later一会回来22.

21、 be lost迷路23. follow them back home跟着他们回家24. find their way back home找到他们回家的路25. be happyto dosth.高兴做某事M3U2 Weather1. Whats the weather like today? =How is the weather today?今天天气怎么样?2. help my pants grow帮助我的植物生长help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事e.g. Peter helps his brother do his homework. Peter帮助弟弟做回家作业。3. bl

22、ow my plants down吹倒我的植物4. make my plant strong让我的植物茁壮成长5. - What was the temperature? 温度是多少? - It was twenty degrees.二十度。6. weather report天气预报7. thirty-two degrees三十二度8. the East China Sea中国东海9. heavy rain and a strong wind狂风暴雨10. not at all一点也不11. a long time ago很久以前12. build a new house建了一座新房子13 e

23、njoy oneself过得快乐M3U3 Changes1. give sb. sth.给某人某物e.g. give him a surprise给他一个惊喜2. move the furniture移动家具3. next tothe wall挨着墙4. look different看起来不同5. What else? 还有什么?6. rememberto dosth.记得去做某事7. many years ago许多年以前8. a big city一个大城市9. a lot of tall buildings许多高楼10. other countries其他国家11. the storyof

24、 Shanghai 上海的故事12. The Shanghai History Museum上海历史博物馆13. many other things许多其他东西14. a lot of photos of old Shanghai许多老上海的照片M4U1 Museums.1. play the piano very well弹钢琴很好2. perform Beijing Opera表演京剧3. help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事e.g. help firefighters put out fires帮助消防员灭火4. be useful有用的5. science museum科技馆6

25、. art museum美术馆7. history museum历史博物馆8. insect museum昆虫博物馆9. car museum 汽车博物馆10. railway museum铁路博物馆11. why 为什么,提问原因回答要用 because因为e.g. - Why do you want to visit car museum?你为什么想去参观汽车博物馆?- Because I want to see different cars.因为我想看不同的汽车。12. learnabout学到关于。13. The Louvre Museum卢浮宫博物馆14. human history

26、人类历史15. many different cultures许多不同的文化16. thousands of成千上万17. the Mona Lisa蒙娜丽莎18. the world s most famous painting世界上最著名在一次旅行中的画19. on one trip20. again and again一次又一次M4U2 Western holidays1. talk to sb.和某人交谈2. in the UK在英国3. on the Internet在网上4. the Dragon Boat Festival端午节5. give sth. to sb.给某人某物6.

27、 each other互相7. go on Easter egg hunts进行复活节彩蛋活动8. hide a lot of eggs藏许多蛋9. make jack-o-lanterns做南瓜灯10. go trick-or-treating玩不给糖果就捣乱的游戏11. eat pumpkin pies and pumpkin bread吃南瓜派和南12. have a family dinner举行家庭聚餐瓜面包13. decorate a Christmas tree装饰圣诞树14. cut a face剪一张脸15. cutouta circle剪出一个圆圈16. throw ita

28、way扔掉它17. have fancy - dress parties举行化妆舞会18. dress like像。一样打扮19. knockon the door 敲门20. play a trickon sb.对某人恶作剧M4U3 Story time1. in the castle在城堡里2. run away逃跑.3. around the garden在花园四周4. put up a sign放了一个标志5. at last最后6. look out of the window看向窗外7. come into the garden through a hole in the wall

29、通过墙上的洞进入花园8. break down the wall推倒墙壁9. forever and ever永远10. from then on从那时起补充:不规则动词过去式1. is / am was是 (be 动词 )2. are were是 (be 动词 )3. do did干、做4. have / has - had有5. eat ate吃6. drink drank喝7. make made做、制作8. go went去9. get got到达、获得10. see saw看见11. hear heard 听见12. say said说13. run ran跑14. come cam

30、e来15. become became 成为16. swim swam 游泳17. sit sat坐18. cut cut切19. let let让20. put put放21. read read读22. fall fell下降、落下23. meet met遇见24. take - took拿、取25. can could能够26. lay laid下蛋27. keep kept保持28. leave left离开29. sleep - slept睡觉30. feel felt感觉、觉得31. catch caught抓住32. bring - brought带来33. buy bought买34. think thought思考、认为35. win-won赢、获胜.

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