1、Unit 2 Descriptive EssaysEXPECTED DUTY REPORTWHO?Warm-up：Questions and tasks1.What is descriptive writing?2.Why do we use descriptive writing?3.How do we write description?4.Sample analysis&study.DeliciousTastyYummyGoodFinger-licking good What is descriptive writing?Description is to paint in the mi
2、nd of the reader an image or a series of images by means of language.The purposes of descriptive writing The purpose of a purely descriptive essay is to 1.involve the reader enough so he or she can actually visualize the things being described.2.make narration or exposition more lively,colorful and
3、exciting when combined with them.The essential features of a descriptive essay Using words to paint pictures and giving readers a certain impression of a specific person,place or thing;Providing information about 5“w”s;Displaying a writers impression of a specific person,thing or place through the s
4、enses of sight,taste,smell,hearing and touch;organizing the information logically by using words/phrases of space and time as transitions.SnapdragonGrommet dressHouse of matchesSatin bonnetHow to develop an essay of description effectively?1.A descriptive essay is generally developed through sensory
5、 details.The impressions of ones sensessight,hearing,taste,smell,and touch.Example 1:describing a placeTelling:The room was vacant.Showing:The The doordoor opened with a resounding echo that seemed to fill the house.CobwebsCobwebs once attached flowed freely in the air as the open door brought light
6、 to a well worn floorfloor.The The lightlight gave notice to the peeling paintpaint on the walls and to the silhouettes（轮廓）once covered by pictures.The new airair gave life to a stuffiness that entrapped the room.Faded and torn white sheetssheets covered once new furniturefurniture now drowning in d
7、ust.The door opened with a resounding echo that seemed to fill the house.Sensehearing Cobwebs once attached flowed freely in the air as the open door brought light to a well worn floor.SensesightThe light gave notice to the peeling paint on the walls and to the silhouettes（轮廓）once covered by picture
8、s.SensesightThe new air gave life to a stuffiness that entrapped the room.SensesmellFaded and torn white sheets covered once new furniture now drowning in dust.SensesightThe The doordoor opened with a resounding echo that seemed to fill the house.Cob Cob webswebs once attached flowed freely in the a
9、ir as the open door brought light to a well worn floorfloor.The The lightlight gave notice to the peeling paintpaint on the walls and to the silhouettes（轮廓）once covered by pictures.The new airair gave life to a stuffiness that entrapped the room.Faded and torn white sheetssheets covered once new fur
10、niturefurniture now drowning in dust.Senses used:Hearing-sight-smell-sightHow to develop an essay of description effectively?2.A descriptive essay has one,clear dominant impression.E.g.describing a snowfall-let your reader know if it is threatening or lovely,threatening or lovely,dangerous or peacef
11、uldangerous or peaceful;Example 2 A boy with ragged(tattered,torn)clothes rushed through the deserted street,whose footsteps echoed several blocks away.A fair-haired boy runs through the peaceful morning street giggling all the way.(mysterious)(happy)How to develop an essay of description effectivel
12、y?3.Use details specific adjectives,adverbs,and vivid verbs,consistent with the dominant impression.Brief Introduction to the NovelTitle:A Christmas CarolAuthor:Charles DicksonPlot:The story tells of Ebenezer Scrooges ideological,ethical,and emotional transformation after the supernatural visits of
13、Jacob Marley and the Ghosts of Christmas Past,Present,and Yet to Come.Example 3:A description of Mr.Scrooge in A Christmas CarollThe cold within him frozefroze his old features,nippednipped his pointedpointed nose,shriveledshriveled his cheek,stiffenedstiffened his gait;mademade his eyes redred,his
14、thin lips blueblue;and spoke out shrewdlyshrewdly in his grating grating voice.lA frostyfrosty rime was on his head,and on his eyebrows,and his wirywiry chin.He carried his own low temperature always about with him;he iced his office in the dog-days;and didnt thaw it one degree at Christmas.l 他内心的冷酷
15、使老朽的躯体蒙上一层寒霜，冻伤了他尖挺的鼻梁，冻皱了他的双颊、冻僵了他步伐，并使他双眼通红、薄唇发紫，连他的沙哑的声音所说出来的话语，也十分冰冷刺骨。l他的头顶、眉骨及瘦削的下巴上，都覆盖着白皑皑的寒霜。那股寒意总是与他如影随形，即使是盛夏，他也可以让办公室的气温降至冰点，甚至是圣诞节，情形依旧如此。Word Choice HelpP34-35sight wordstouch wordshearing wordssmell wordstaste wordsHow to develop an essay of description effectively?4.4.Use figures of
16、speech to make the description more powerful.Common figures of speech are simile(like/as),metaphor and personification and so forth(p24).Example 4:A description of Mr.Scrooge in A Christmas CarolOh!But he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone,Scrooge!A squeezing,wrenching,grasping,scraping,clutc
17、hing,covetous old sinner!Hard and sharp as flint,from which no steel had ever struck out generous fire;secret and self-contained,and solitary as an oyster.噢噢！但但石石顾顾己己可可是是一一个个要要从从石石头头里里榨榨出出油油来来的的人人哪哪！石石顾顾己己啊啊！一一个个又又挤挤、有捞、有刮、又贪、又抠的老奸巨滑！有捞、有刮、又贪、又抠的老奸巨滑！他他犹犹如如有有硬硬又又尖尖的的打打火火石石，没没有有任任何何钢钢棒棒可可以以打打出出慷慷慨慨的的
18、火火花花；而而且且，他他又又宛若牡蛎一般神秘、封闭且孤僻。宛若牡蛎一般神秘、封闭且孤僻。How to develop an essay of description effectively?5.5.Use examples.Example 5:A description of Mr.Scrooge in A Christmas CarolNobody ever stopped him in the street to say,with gladsome looks,My dear Scrooge,how are you?When will you come to see me?No begga
19、rs implored him to bestow a trifle,no children asked him what it was oclock,no man or woman ever once in all his life inquired the way to such and such a place,of Scrooge.人们在大街上碰到石顾己，从不会和颜悦色地向他寒暄：亲爱的石顾己，你好吗？什么时候你要来我家坐坐？没有乞丐会向他乞求微薄的施舍，也没有孩童会询问他时间，更从未有人向他问路。How to develop an essay of description effec
20、tively?Q:What impression have you formed on Mr.Scrooge?stingy,old,solitary,cold,hard,heartless,uncaring,unkind Comment:If you know the plot of the novel,you will realize that Dickens has achieved his original purpose by portraying such a figure.The plot of the novelThe tale begins on Christmas Eve s
21、even years after the death of Scrooges business partner Jacob Marley.Scrooge is established within the first chapter as a greedy and stingy businessman who has no place in his life for kindness,compassion,charity,or benevolence.After being warned by Marleys ghost to change his ways,Scrooge is visite
22、d by three additional ghosts each in its turn who accompany him to various scenes with the hope of achieving his transformation.6.Try moving your reader through space and time chronologically.E.g.to describe a train ride:to describe a train ride:from start to destination a stream:a stream:from its s
23、ource to the point at which it joins the river.P36 transitions=space&time sequenceHow to develop an essay of description effectively?7.Use a then-and-now approach to show decay,change,or improvement.E.g.The house where you grew up might now be a rambling shack.The variations are endless.P36 comparis
24、on and contrast wordsHow to develop an essay of description effectively?8.A descriptive essay can be objective or subjective.E.g.,ones dog an objective descriptionmention such facts as height,weight,coloring and so forth.A subjective descriptioninclude the above details,also stress the authors feeli
25、ng toward the dog,as well as its personality and habits.How to develop an essay of description effectively?In-class discussionRead the sample My Childhood House on page 29 and fulfil task:1.What is the thesis statement？2.Tell the structure of the passage and the main points of each part;3.What impre
26、ssion do you have on the passage?4.How is the passage organized?Spatial or chronological?5.Retell and try to draw a picture of the passage.Introduction:the opening and the thesis statement(dominant impression and the points to be developed);background information,reason,cause,situation;begins with a
27、n anecdote,an example,a definition,or a question.Body:to describe in a spatial order or chronological order;transitional words or figurative language should be used.Conclusion:restate the dominant impression,reemphasize the points developed in the body or draw a summary.Structure of a descriptive es
28、saySummaryTo write a successful descriptive essay:1.concrete,sensory details of five senses to communicate its point;2.no unrelated details;3.show emotions:use more verbs,adverbs,and adjectives than nouns&use examples;4.have an attitude in the dominant impression unless objective.Dos and donts in a
29、descriptive essayPage 29Another exampleGecko!Gecko!In downtown New York,at a somewhat trashy apartment,there lived a man named Howard.He was a young man,in his mid-twenties,and had a terrible fear of cockroaches.Well if youve been to New York,and maybe live or stayed in a rundown hotel,you know how
30、many cockroaches there are.Too many to count!Howie had just come home from work and was looking for a bit of relaxation.All he wanted to do was get a bowl of ice cream,sit down and read the newspaper.He started raiding the messy cabinets and sink to look for a bowl and a spoon.He found the bowl,got
31、out the ice cream and opened a drawer to get the spoon when,Surprise!Out jumps a big juicy cockroach.After jumping twenty feet in the air and grabbing a spoon out of the drawer,he sat down to calm himself.God forsaken roaches!he yelled,while slowing his heartbeat,just as another cockroach crawled be
32、tween his feet.Theres got to be something I can do to get rid of them.Just then,as he was getting his ice cream and reading ads in the paper,one specific ad caught his eye.Got Roaches?We have a solution!Come down to Sams Pet Club today and get yourself the natural predator of the roaches,a Gecko!How
33、ie had just come home from work and was looking for a bit of relaxation.All he wanted to do was get a bowl of ice cream,sit down and read the newspaper.He started raiding the messy cabinets and sink to look for a bowl and a spoon.He found the bowl,got out the ice cream and opened a drawer to get the
34、 spoon when,Surprise!Out jumps a big juicy cockroach.After jumping twenty feet in the air and grabbing a spoon out of the drawer,he sat down to calm himself.God forsaken roaches!he yelled,while slowing his heartbeat,just as another cockroach crawled between his feet.Theres got to be something I can
35、do to get rid of them.Just then,as he was getting his ice cream and reading ads in the paper,one specific ad caught his eye.Got Roaches?We have a solution!Come down to Sams Pet Club today and get yourself the natural predator of the roaches,a Gecko!“What in the world?Howard thought.He read on:Thats
36、right!A gecko!Follow the directions below to get your very own live cockroach eliminator!Then ask our friendly staff how to care for and what to do to get rid of your cockroaches.Ya right.That gecko will probably eat me while I sleep.he said as yet another roach scuttled across the floor.He felt sic
37、k.He thought it was worth a try,so the very next day he followed the directions on the ad to the pet store.He asked about the geckos and the staff told him what to do with a gecko and how much they were and,soon enough,he was driving home with his very own gecko.Great,he thought yet another little c
38、ritter that is going to be loitering around in my house.He got home and did just as the woman at the store told him to do,and let the gecko go.He saw the gecko run under the refrigerator after the nearest cockroach it saw.Well,at least he is doing his job.he said after he heard the loud GECKO,GECKO,
39、sound that geckos make when they swallow.In-Class Exercise:describing foodTake a look at the following picture and come up with three to four sentences to developThe pizza is delicious.Note:1.Use one dominant impression.2.Try to explore the senses.3.Use details.2 Versions 1.As you see it,the colorfu
40、l decorated salad brighten your eyes.The smell invades your nose that you cant help eating it.After a bite,the flavor of different kinds of fruits is filled with your mouth.Its just to melt as your tongue touches it.2.The golden round pizza approves that it is done just now.Fresh vegetables is on it
41、attracting the customers attention,sending a message“taste me”.Touching my stomach,I think it requires the pizza in front of me.Sighed,I start to have the pizza to fit my stomach.The pizza was delicious.Steam rising up off the melted cheese made my mouth water.The first bite,my teeth sinking into t
42、he cheese through the tomato sauce and into the moist crust,made me chew and swallow rapidly.Even the cheese and tomato sauce,sticking to my fingertips,begged to be licked.Suggested VersionAfter-class assignmentlRead from page 32-39 and:Write the outline of each passage;Tell the thesis statement of each passage;Find out the figurative speech of each passage;lWrite an essay entitled“My Mother”no less than 150 words.
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