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1、缓冲溶液配制常用缓冲溶液的配制（一）甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05 mol/L ）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L HCl ,再加水稀释至 200毫升pHXYpHXY2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸分子量=75.07。0.2 mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01 g/L（二）邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L HCl，再加水稀释至 20毫升pH(20 C)XYpH (20 C )XY2.
2、254.6703.251.4702.453.9603.450.9902.653.2952.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量=204.23。0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含40.85 g/L（三）磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液pH0.2 mol/L0.1 mol/LpH0.2 mol/LNa2HPO 4 (mL)柠檬酸(mL)Na2HPO4 (mL)柠檬酸(mL)2.20.4019.605.210.729.282.41.2418.765.411.158.852.62.1817.825.611.608.402.83.1716.835.812.
3、097.913.04.1115.896.012.637.373.24.9415.066.213.226.783.45.7014.306.413.856.153.66.4413.566.614.555.453.87.1012.906.815.454.554.07.7112.297.016.473.534.28.2811.727.217.392.614.48.8211.187.418.171.834.69.3510.657.618.731.274.89.8610.147.819.150.855.010.309.708.019.450.55Na2HPO4 分子量=141.98; 0.2 mol/L
4、溶液为 28.40 g/L。Na2HPO4 2H2O 分子量=178.05; 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 35.61 g/L。Na2HPO4 12H2O 分子量=358.22; 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 71.64 g/LC6H8O7 H2O 分子量=210.14; 0.1 mol/L 溶液为 21.01 g/L。(四) 柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液钠离子浓度柠檬酸(g)氢氧化钠(g)盐酸(mL)最终体积pH(mol/L)C6H8O7 H2ONaOH 97 %HCl (浓)(L)2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.2
5、02108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610使用时可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后pH值有变化，再用少量 50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存(五) 柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液(0.1 mol/L )pH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1 mol/L柠檬酸钠(mL)pH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1 mol/L柠檬酸钠(mL)3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05
6、.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸：C6H8O7 H2O 分子量=210.14 ; 0.1 mol/L 溶液为 21.01 g/L柠檬酸钠：Na3C6H5O7 2H2O 分子量=294.12 ; 0.1 mol/L 溶液为 29.41 g/L(六) 醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液(0.2 mol/L )pH0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/LpH0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L(18C)NaAc (mL)HAc (mL)(18 C )
7、NaAc (mL)HAc (mL)3.60.759.354.85.904.103.81.208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.86.400.60NaAc 3H2O分子量=136.09; 0.2 mol/L溶液为27.22 g/L。冰乙酸11.8 mL稀释至1 L (需标定)（七）磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L ）X 毫升 0.2 mol/L KH 2PO4+Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH 加水稀释至 20毫升pH (20
8、C )X (mL)Y (mL)pH (20 C )X (mL)Y (mL)5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680（八）磷酸盐缓冲液磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(0.2 mol/L )0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/LpHpHNa2HPO4 (mL)NaH2PO4 (mL)Na2HPO4 (mL)NaH2PO4 (mL)5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.0
9、7.167.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.023.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.051.08.094.75.36.955.045.0Na2HPO4 2H2O 分子量=178.05; 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 35.61 g/L。Na2HPO4 12H2O 分子量=358.22; 0.2 mol/
10、L 溶液为 71.64 g/L。NaH2PO4 H2O 分子量=138.01; 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 27.6 g/LNaH2PO4 2H2O 分子量=156.03; 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 31.21 g/L（九）巴比妥纳-盐酸缓冲液pH0.04 mol/L巴比妥钠0.2 mol/LPH0.04 mol/L巴比妥钠0.2 mol/L(18C)(mL)HCl (mL)(18C)(mL)HCl (mL)6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.2
11、1001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠分子量=206.18; 0.04 mol/L溶液为8.25 g/L。(十)Tris-HCI 缓冲液(0.05 mol/L )50毫升0.1moI/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris ）溶液与X毫升0.1moI/L盐酸混匀并稀释至 100毫升pH (25 C)X (mL)pH (25 C )X (mL)7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.
12、6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.2Tris分子量=121.14 ; 0.1 mol/L溶液为12.114 g/L。Tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。（十一）、硼酸-硼砂缓冲液（0.2 mol/L硼酸pH0.05 mol/L硼砂(mL)0.2 mol/L硼酸(mL)pH0.05 mol/L硼砂(mL)0.2 mol/L硼酸(mL)7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61.58.58.44.55.57.82.08.08.76.04.08.03.07.09.08.02.0硼砂：Na2B4O
13、7T0H2O 分子量=381.43; 0.05 mol/L 溶液(等于 0.2 mol/L 硼酸根)含 19.07 g/L硼酸：H3BO3分子量=61.84; 0.2 mol/L 的溶液为 12.37 g/L。硼砂易失去结晶水，必须在带塞的瓶中保存。（十二）甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH 加水稀释至 200毫升pHX (mL)Y (mL)pHX (mL)Y (mL)8.6504.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.8105032.09.25012.010.45038.69.4501
14、6.810.65045.5甘氨酸分子量=75.07; 0.2 mol/L溶液含15.01 g/L（十三）硼砂-氢氧化纳缓冲液（0.05 mol/L 硼酸根X毫升0.05 mol/L硼砂+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH 加水稀释至200毫升pHX (mL)Y (mL)pHX (mL)Y (mL)9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂 Na2B4O7T0HQ 分子量=381.43; 0.05 mol/L 硼砂溶液(等于 0.2 mol/L 硼酸根)为 19.07 g/L2亠2亠、 .（十四）碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液（0.1 mol/L ）（此缓冲液在 Ca、Mg存在时不得使用）.20 C37 C(mL)(mL)9.168.77199.409.22289.519.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.288210.8310.5791pH0.1 mol/L Na 2CO30.1 mol/L NaHCO 3Na2CO3 10H2O 分子量=286.2;0.1 mol/L 溶液为 28.62 g/LNaHCO 3 分子量=84.0;0.1 mol/L 溶液为 8.40 g/L。