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1、一、考纲词汇识记 1 adv. 相当；很 adj. 美丽的 2 vt. 打扰；麻烦 3 n. 租金 4 vt. 接近 5 vt. 交换,pretty,bother,rent,approach,exchange,6. _ adj. 幸运的；吉祥的 7 vt. 买得起；有能力支付 8 vt.& n. 联络；联系 9 vi.饿死 10 adj.迷人的；吸引人的,afford,contact,starve,fascinating,fortunate,11 adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的 vt.吸引 n吸引(力),attractive,attract,attraction,12 adj.失业的；没有工作的
2、 n失业 n就业 vt.雇用 n.老板 n.雇员 13 n职业 vt.占用；拥有,occupation,occupy,unemployed,unemployment,employment,employ,employer,employee,1 attractive 有魅力的，吸引人的 Eg 她黑色的眼睛很有魅力。 attract 吸引；引起注意 attraction n. 吸引；吸引力 Eg 电视对我没有吸引力。,Her dark eyes are very attractive.,The television has no attraction for me .,2 pretty adv. 很
3、，相当（= very）； eg 生活很艰难。 Pretty：漂亮的。 Eg 1 一个漂亮的女孩 2 多美的村庄啊！,Life is pretty hard.,a pretty girl,What a pretty village (it is)!,How pretty the village is !,3 sound vi. 听起来；看起来；好像；发出声响。 n. 声音 Eg The bell sounded for dinner. His idea sounds great. John didnt sound excited when he heard the news. Dont make
4、 a sound. 【归纳拓展】 safe and sound 安然无恙 make a sound 发出声响 【词汇辨析】 sound 一般用语，泛指一切声音 noise 尤指噪音，杂音 voice 人的嗓音,4 bother vt. 打扰；麻烦。 Eg Im sorry to bother you. 【词组】 bother sb. with/ about sth. 麻烦某人某事 Eg.很抱歉问了你这么多问题。 have no/ much/ little bother (in) doing sth. 做毫不费力/很费力/几乎不费力,I am sorry to have bothered you
5、 with so many questions., n. Eg. He caused a lot of bother by losing his books. He is a bother to me.,麻烦，困难 不可数名词 令人烦恼的人和事 可数名词,Eg. 我很容易就找到了他家。,I have no bother (in) finding his home.,5approach v接近；靠近； 着手处理（事务，难题） n接近；通路；方法；步骤（与to 搭配） 教材P32原句Now were leaving the business district and approaching the
6、 harbour. 现在我们正离开商业区接近码头。 As they approached the wood a rabbit ran out of the trees.,他们走近树林的时候，一只兔子从树林里跑了出来。,They made approaches to the team to buy one of their players.他们与那支球队洽谈要买他们的一个球员。 the problem has not been worked out. 这个问题的解决方法还没有制订出来。,The approach to,提醒 approach作动词用时，一般用作及物动词； 作名词时，后常与介词to
7、搭配，而way, means和method后常接介词of。,6.remain v.遗留，留下/继续，仍然是 n. (s) 遗迹， 残余，遗骸 Eg. 他终生贫穷。 古希腊（Ancient Greece）遗迹 remain to be done 尚待，留待 eg. 这个问题尚待讨论。,He remained poor all his life.,the remains of ancient Greece,The problem remains to be discussed.,7afford vt.买得起，负担得起；(有时间)做； 承担得起(后果)；提供，给予（常与can, could ,be
8、able to 连用） 教材P39原句The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.房子的价格涨了上去，本地区的人在那儿都买不起房子了。 I can only afford the cheapest one. 我只买得起最便宜的那一个。 Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time. 我想去度假，可是抽不出时间来。,We on vacation this year. 今年我们没钱去度假。 Television
9、and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.电视与因特网络给许多人带来很大乐趣。（改写）,cant afford to go,8survive vt.& vi.死里逃生；大难不死，幸存，艰难度过 教材P39原句All these things mean that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive.所有这些都意味着西欧的村民们为了生存在艰难地奋斗着。 Of all the passengers on board，no one survived. 机上所有乘客
10、无一生还。 Those who survived the Yushu earthquake have received timely aid. 那些在玉树地震中幸存下来的人获得了及时的救助。,The woman ten years. 这个妇女比她丈夫多活了10年。,survived her husband by,提醒 survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from。,9contact vt.& vi.接触，联系 n接触，联系；交往，交际；熟人关系 教材P40原句Contact your neighbourhood committee. 联系你的社区委
11、员会。 I must contact my lawyer before I make the final decision. 我做出最后决定之前必须和我的律师联系。 She me as soon as she arrived in New York. 她一到纽约就和我联系了。,contacted,get into/in contact with 与取得联系 lose contact with 与失去联系 be in/out of contact with 与有(没有)联系 keep in contact with 与保持联系, 你现在与他有联系吗？ 你最好尽快跟他联系。 After the e
12、arthquake，people outside. 震后，人们与外界失去了联系。,lost contact with,Are you in contact with him now?,Youd better get into contact with him as soon as possible.,1put up 举起架起; 张贴；(为)提供膳宿；提高(价钱);提出 教材P32原句Theyve put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.他们建了很多的高楼大厦。 The exam results will be put up on Friday a
13、fternoon. 这次考试成绩将于星期五下午公布。 They agreed to two foreign students over the summer.他们同意夏季为两个外国留学生提供膳宿。,put,up,Put that knife down before you hurt somebody! Firefighters soon put the fire out.,把刀子放下，别伤着人！,消防人员很快把火扑灭了。,Put forward 提出 Eg. 他提出了一种新的理论。 Put off 推迟 Eg He has to _the meeting because of the bad
14、weather.,He put forward a new theory.,put off,2go up上涨；上升；攀登 教材P39原句The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there. 房子的价格涨了上去，本地区的人在那儿都买不起房子了。 The temperature has gone up recently. 近来气温已上升了。 注：go downup 为自然下降或者上升。故无被动形式 若要表示人为的降低或升高用 bring.,Maybe if I went ove
15、r it all again I would see what she meant.也许如果我把它再看一遍，我就能明白她的意思。 I dont rocknroll.Its much too noisy. 我不喜欢摇滚，它太吵闹了。 We cant afford a holiday，so well just have to .我们没钱度假，所以我们只好不去度假。 She went against her counsels advice. 她违背了她律师的建议。,go in for,go without,1Its been six years since we last saw each othe
16、r，you know. since引导时间状语从句。 你可知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。,句式仿写 自从我开始学英语到现在已有六年了。 It _ six years _ I began to learn English.,答案： has been；since,It is / has been + 时间段+since 句式 “ 自从以来已经有某段时间了” 主句时态通常用一般现在时或者现在完成时 Since 引导的时间状语从句时态用一般过去式 当从句的谓语动词是短暂性动词， 翻译为： 从 干至今已经有多久了。 当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，翻译为： 从不干至今 已经有多久了。 Eg.
17、It has been 5 years since she became a teacher. It has been 3 years since they stayed here.,2And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown. 这是我第一次参观你的家乡。,句式仿写 这是我头一次听说。 This is the first time _.,答案 (that) I have heard about it,It / this is the first /second /last time (that).意为“某人第一次做某事”， Tha
18、t 通常可以省略 主句用is， 从句 现在完成时 主句用was, 从句 过去完成时 time It is high time that sb. did/ should do about time 到某人该做某事的时候了 It is (high/about) time for sb. to do sth.,3Whats the climate like？(Whats+主语+.like？用于询问某事的状况。气候怎么样？),句式仿写 会议的情况怎么样？ What was the meeting _？,答案： like,How+ be + 主语？ What + be + 主语 + like? -询问某
19、人/某事状况的句型 What do you think of? How do you like ? -你认为怎么样？,4Cities are interesting，and they can be beautiful，but they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful.(that the countryside is beautiful是定语从句，修饰先行 词the way。) 城市很有趣，也会很美丽，但它们的美永远不会是乡村的那种美。,句式仿写 我不喜欢他说话的方式。 I dont like th
20、e way _.,答案： (that/in which) he speaks,Its_been_six_years_since we last saw each other，you know. 你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。 本句含有一个“it is/has been时间段since.”句式，意为“自从以来已有某段时间了”。要注意这个句式中主句的时态通常是一般现在时或现在完成时。since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，若从句中的谓语动词是非延续性动词，则句子意为“自从干至今已有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词，则句子意为“自从不干至今已有多久了”。,It is/has
21、been five years since he became a teacher. 他当老师已经五年了。 It has been three years since they stayed here. 他们不在这儿已经三年了。 since的用法：,(1)conj. & prep.“从以来，从以后”，常与现在完成 时及过去完成时连用。 I have lived here I . I have lived here . 大学毕业后我一直住在这里。 (2)adv.“那时以来，后来，从那时起一直”，常与现在完 成时及过去完成时连用。 I met him ten years ago, but I ha
22、ve never seen him since.十年前我见过他，后来我一直没见过他。,since,graduated from university,since my graduation from university,(3)“Itbe一段时间since从句”，其中be可用一般现在时、 一般过去时，也可用完成时态。 we saw each other. 我们两年没见面了。 they parted. 他们分手已经十年了。 (4)conj.引导原因状语从句，常位于句首，相当于now that。 Since everybody is here，lets begin the meeting. 既然大
23、家都来了，那我们开会吧！,It is two years since,It has been ten years since,二、高频词汇活用 一言辨异 13Mr.Green was the only _ who _ the earthquake.He told us he _ on a bottle of mineral water.Everyone said his _ was a wonder.(survive),答案：survivor；survived；had survived；survival,14A big fire broke out last night._，the fire
24、was discovered soon after it started，so the workers were _ enough to escape being trapped in it.(fortunate),答案：Fortunately；fortunate,Grammar：Present perfect tense (现在完成时),1. 构成： 主语+ have/ has +V过去分词 2. 用法 （1）表示动作从过去某一时间开始持续到现在，并有可能继续下去。 Great changes have taken place in our school in the past 3 year
25、s.,(2) 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果 。 I have seen the films three times. （ 现在不想看了） 3. 常用现在完成时的情况 出现so far, till now, up to now, since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，already, yet, never, ever等 Eg.到目前为止我已经读了五本书。,I have read five books so far., 在It is the first/second/last time (that) +从句（现在完成时时态） Eg. 这是我第一次来北京。 in the
26、past -用于过去时 in the past (several/five/)years/days -用于现在完成时 Eg. 过去的五年间，这个城镇发生了巨大的变化。,It is the first time that I have been to Beijing.,Great changes have taken place in the town in the past five years.,1put 建立 2so / now/ now 到目前为止(p36) 3get from 摆脱 4a great/good /a of 许多；大量 5go 上升 6the business 商业区,u
27、p,far,up to,till,away,many,number,up,district,7 buildings 高楼大厦 8 a result 结果 9pay 偿还 10 the committee 在委员会里,highrise,as,back,on,1.(2010辽宁高考)Joseph _ to evening classes since last month，but he still cant say “Whats your name？”in Russian. Ahas been going Bwent Cgoes Dhas gone,解析 考查动词的时态。句意：从上个月开始，Jose
28、ph一直在上夜校学俄语，但是他仍没有学会用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。根据句意，表示自从过去到现在一直发生的事情且有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选A项。,2.(2010上海高考)_ the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. AApproaching BApproached CTo approach DTo be approached,解析 选 A 考查现在分词作时间状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是we，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。,3.(2010全国卷)My mot
29、her opened the drawer to _ the knives and spoons. Aput away Bput up Cput on Dput together,解析 选_ 考查动词短语辨析。打开抽屉的目的是把刀和调羹放进去。put away表示“把收起来放好”。后三项分别表示“张贴”“穿上”“组合”，都不符合句意。,A,.单项填空 4Proper _ to high yield of rice have been found by Yuan Longping. Aways Baccesses Capproaches Dmethods,解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平已找
30、到水稻高产的好办法。approach表“方法”时与介词to搭配，而A、D两选项与介词of搭配，虽然access(通路)可以与介词to搭配，但其义放在此处不通。,答案： C,5Report says only eight passengers _ the plane crash. Aescaped Bjoined Cdiscovered Dsurvived,解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道只有八名乘客在这次空难中幸存下来。 survive“幸存，幸免于难”，符合句意。 escape“逃跑”，join“加入”，discover“发现”。,答案：D,6_ your recent visit to
31、 Jinan? Wonderful.We visited some friends and had a good time on Quancheng Square. AHow was BWhat do you like CWhat like DHow do you think of,解析：问句句意：你们最近去济南的旅行怎么样？Howbe主语？/Whatbe主语like？是询问某人/事状况的句型。What do you think of.？How do you like.？你认为怎么样？,答案： A,7It is the first time he _ here and now it is hi
32、gh time that he _ around. Acome；should be shown Bhas come；was shown Ccame；be shown Dcame；was shown,解析：第一个空考查It is the first time that.句型，在此句型中that从句中通常用现在完成时；第二空考查It is high time that.句式，that从句中的谓语要用一般过去时或should do形式，又因主语he和show之间为被动关系，要用被动语态。,答案： B,8When I met him the other day，it was the first tim
33、e we _ each other since we were at school. Asaw Bhad seen Cwere seeing Dhave seen,解析：句意：几天前我碰见了他，那是我们毕业以来第一次见面。题干使用了“it is/wasthe first/second.time (that)”句式，且句子主句谓语为was，故本题应选B。,9I wonder if you could tell me what your head teacher is like. Oh，_. Ashe likes playing volleyball Bshe is very lively Csh
34、e likes Zhang Ziyi Dshe is from Henan,解析：句意：“你能不能告诉我你的校长是一个什么样的人？”“啊，她很活泼。”what your head teacher is like询问的是校长的外貌或性格，所以B项正确。,10It seems there are _ people out of work.Something must be done to create more employment. Aa great many Ba great many of Ca great deal Da great deal of,解析： a great many (of
35、)后跟可数名词的复数形式；a great deal of后跟不可数名词；a great deal可作主语，宾语或状语，但不作定语。a great many与of连用时，其后的名词前应有限定词；故选A项。,11As most of their houses were badly damaged after the earthquake，many people had to be _ in a stadium. Aput away Bput up Cput out Dput off,解析：put up“(为)提供膳宿”，符合题意。put away “收起来”；put out“扑灭”；put off“推迟”。,答案：B,12The necklace I _ 80 dollars is made of glass. And I have not paid _ the money I borrowed from Tom. Apaid for；off Bspent on；back Ccost；off Dbought for；back,解析：I bought for 80 dollars为定语从句， 修饰necklace；pay back the money“还钱”。,