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1、MLA 2009 Formatting and Style Guide,What does MLA regulate?,MLA regulates: Document Format In-text citations Works Cited (a list of all sources used in the paper),Your Instructor Knows Best,#1 Rule for any formatting style:,Always Follow your instructors guidelines,Format: General Guidelines,Type on
2、 white 8.5” x 11” paper Double-space everything Use 12 pt. Times New Roman font (or similar font) Leave only one space after punctuation Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch,Format: General Guidelines (continued),Header with page numbers in the upp
3、er right corner Use italics for titles Endnotes go on a separate page before your Works Cited page,Formatting the 1st Page,Double space everything In the upper left corner of the 1st page, list your name, your student number, and your class Center the paper title (use standard caps but no underlinin
4、g, italics, quote, or bold) Create a header in the upper right corner at half inch from the top and one inch from the right of the page (include your name and page number),In-Text Citations: the Basics,MLA uses parenthetical citations Parenthetical citations depend on the medium (e.g. Print, Web, DV
5、D) Parenthetical citations also depend on the sources entry on the Works Cited page Signal word in the text is the first thing in the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page,Author-Page Style,In-text Example: Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerfu
6、l feelings“ (263). Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings“ (Wordsworth 263). Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263). Corresponding Works Cited Entry: Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford U.P., 1967
7、. Print.,Print Source with Author,In-text Example: Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals“ (3). Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals“ (Burke 3).,Print Source with Author,Corresponding Works Cited Entry: Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Act
8、ion: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, 1966. Print.,With Unknown Author,In-text Example: We see so many global warming hotspots in North America, likely because this region has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and st
9、udy environmental change . . .” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6).,With Unknown Author,Corresponding Works Cited Entry: “The Impact of Global Warming in North America.” Global Warming: Early Signs 1999. ,Other In-Text Citations 2,Work by Multiple Authors In-text Examples: Smith, Yang, and Moore argue t
10、hat tougher gun control is not needed in the United States (76). The authors state “Tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights“ (Smith, Yang, and Moore 76). Jones et al. counter Smith, Yang, and Moores argument by noting the current spike in gun violence in America compe
11、ls law makers to adjust gun laws (4).,Other In-Text Citations 4,Citing Multivolume Works In-text Example: . . . as Quintilian wrote in Institutio Oratoria (1: 14-17). Citing the Bible In-text Example: Ezekiel saw “what seemed to be four living creatures,“ each with faces of a man, a lion, an ox, and
12、 an eagle (New Jerusalem Bible, Ezek. 1.5-10).,Other In-Text Citations 5,Citing Indirect Sources In-text Example: Ravitch argues that high schools are pressured to act as “social service centers, and they dont do that well“ (qtd. in Weisman 259). Multiple Citations In-text Example: . . . as has been
13、 discussed elsewhere (Burke 3; Dewey 21).,Other In-Text Citations 6,Miscellaneous Non-Print Sources In-text Example: Werner Herzogs Fitzcarraldo stars Herzogs long-time film partner, Klaus Kinski. During the shooting of Fitzcarraldo, Herzog and Kinski were often at odds, but their explosive relation
14、ship fostered a memorable and influential film. Corresponding Works Cited Entry: Herzog, Werner, dir. Fitzcarraldo. Perf. Klaus Kinski. Filmverlag der Autoren, 1982. Film.,Other In-Text Citations 7,Sources from the Internet In-text Example: One online film critic stated that Fitzcarraldo is “.a beau
15、tiful and terrifying critique of obsession and colonialism“ (Garcia, “Herzog: a Life”). Corresponding Works Cited Entry: Garcia, Elizabeth. “Herzog: a Life.“ Online Film Critics Corner. The Film School of New Hampshire, 2 May 2002.,Formatting Short Quotations,In-text Examples: According to some, dre
16、ams express “profound aspects of personality“ (Foulkes 184), though others disagree. According to Foulkess study, dreams may express “profound aspects of personality“ (184). Is it possible that dreams may express “profound aspects of personality“ (Foulkes 184)? Cullen concludes, “Of all the things t
17、hat happened there / Thats all I remember“ (11-12).,Formatting Long Quotations,In-text Example: Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the lan
18、ding of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaws door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and in
19、humanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78),Works Cited Page: Books,Basic Format: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. Examples: Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Penguin, 1987. Print. Gillespie, Paul
20、a, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, 2000. Print. Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. New York: St. Martins, 1997. Print. -. The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1993. Print.,Works Cited Page: Periodicals
21、,Article in a Magazine Format: Author(s). “Title of Article.“ Title of Periodical Day Month Year: pages. Medium of publication. Example: Buchman, Dana. “A Special Education.“ Good Housekeeping Mar. 2006: 143-8. Print. Article in Scholarly Journal Format: Author(s). “Title of Article.“ Title of Journ
22、al Volume.Issue (Year): pages. Medium of publication. Example: Duvall, John N. “The (Super)Marketplace of Images: Television as Unmediated Mediation in DeLillos White Noise.“ Arizona Quarterly 50.3 (1994): 127- 53. Print.,Works Cited Page: Web,Web Source Format: Authors name (if available). “Article
23、 Name.” url Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher). Date of last update. Original medium of publication.,Works Cited Page: Web,Examples: Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.” AListApart.org A List Apart Mag., 16 Aug. 2002. Web. 4 May 2009. Fe
24、lluga, Dino. “Guide to Literary and Critical Theory”. Purdueowl.ed. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.“ eH. eHow, n.d.,Works Cited Page: Other,Film Example: The Usual Suspects. Dir. Bryan Singer. Perf. Kevin Spacey, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Stephen Baldwin, and Benecio del Toro. Polygram, 1995. Film.,