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1、IEEE Std 1484.12.3-2005 1484.12.3 TM IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyExtensible Markup Language (XML) Schema Definition Language Binding for Learning Object Metadata 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA IEEE Computer Society Sponsored by the Learning Technology Standards Committee 10 Nov
2、ember 2005 Print: SH95339 PDF: SS95339 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. R
3、estrictions apply. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2005 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 10 November 2005. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a
4、 registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. NOTEAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require
5、 use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE stan
6、dard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.i
7、ii Introduction This Standard defines World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Extensible Markup Language (XML) structure and constraints on the contents of XML 1.1 documents that can be used to represent learning object metadata (LOM) instances as defined in IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. This Standard defines th
8、e structure and constraints of the XML 1.1 documents in W3C XML Schema definition language. The purpose of this Standard is to allow the creation of interoperable LOM instances in XML. This Standard uses the W3C XML Schema definition language as the encoding, which allows for interoperability and th
9、e exchange of LOM XML instances between various systems. Notice to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Int
10、erpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this
11、standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into t
12、he legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1484.12.3-2005, IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyExtensible Markup Language (XML ) Schema Definition Language Binding for Learning Object Metadata. Authorized licensed use lim
13、ited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ivCopyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time this Standard was completed, the P1484.12.3 XML Binding of Learning Object Metadata Working Group had the following me
14、mbership: Wayne Hodgins, Chair Erik Duval, Technical Editor Scott Lewis, Technical Editor The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this Standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this Standard on
15、10 May 2005, it had the following membership: Don Wright, Chair Steve M. Mills, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary *Member Emeritus Mitchell Bonnett Debbie Brown Tsz Chan Michael Collett Ingo Dahn Geoffrey Darnton Maulik Dave Marco De Vos Guru Dutt Dhingra Sam Dooley Kameshwar Eranki Frank Farance
16、David Fore Ernesto Garcia Matthew Gream Peter Greene Thomas Herrmann Cord Hockemeyer Robert Bruce Kelsey Mark Knight David Leciston Gregory Luri Ryan Madron Faramarz Maghsoodlou Jon Mason William Melton George Miao Rajesh Moorkath Brandon Muramatsu Boyd Nielsen Mikael Nilsson Lassi Nirhamo Claude Os
17、tyn Miroslav Pavlovic Klaus Rapf Daniel Rehak Tyde Richards Robby Robson Thomas Starai Gerald Stueve Brian Taliesin Schawn Thropp Mark Tillinghast Li Zhang Philomena Zimmerman Mitchell Bonnett Debbie Brown Tsz Chan Michael Collett Geoffrey Darnton Maulik Dave Marco De Vos Guru Dutt Dhingra Sam Doole
18、y Erik Duval Kameshwar Eranki Frank Farance David Fore Ernesto Garcia Matthew Gream Thomas Herrmann Cord Hockemeyer Wayne Hodgins Robert Bruce Kelsey Mark Knight David Leciston Gregory Luri Ryan Madron Faramarz Maghsoodlou Jon Mason William Melton George Miao Rajesh Moorkath Brandon Muramatsu Boyd N
19、ielsen Mikael Nilsson Lassi Nirhamo Claude Ostyn Miroslav Pavlovic Klaus Rapf Daniel Rehak Tyde Richards Robby Robson Thomas Starai Gerald Stueve Brian Taliesin Schawn Thropp Mark Tillinghast Li Zhang Philomena Zimmerman Chuck Adams Stephen Berger Mark D. Bowman Joseph A. Bruder Bob Davis Roberto de
20、 Marca Boisson Julian Forster* Arnold M. Greenspan Mark S. Halpin Raymond Hapeman Richard J. Holleman Richard H. Hulett Lowell G. Johnson Joseph L. Koepfinger* Hermann Koch Thomas J. McGean Daleep C. Mohla Paul Nikolich T. W. Olsen Ronald C. Petersen Gary S. Robinson Frank Stone Malcolm V. Thaden Do
21、ug Topping Joe D. Watson Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.v Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarw
22、al, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Alan Cookson, NIST Representative Don Messina IEEE Standards Project Editor Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. viCopyright 2005 IEEE. A
23、ll rights reserved. Contents 1.Overview 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Purpose. 1 2.Normative references. 1 3.Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 2 3.1 Definitions . 2 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 4 4.Conformance 4 4.1 Strictly conforming LOM XML instances. 4 4.2 Conforming LOM XML instances 5 5.LOM XML
24、 Schema binding definition. 5 5.1 General information. 5 5.2 LOM namespaces 6 5.3 Table format and organization. 7 5.4 LOM. 8 5.5 Common data types and elements . 24 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 30 Annex B (informative) Internet availability of XSD files. 31 Annex C (informative) XSD file desc
25、riptions. 32 Annex D (informative) Enabling extended data elements and attributes 36 Annex E (informative) XSD implementation choices. 38 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright 2005 IEEE. A
26、ll rights reserved.1 IEEE Standard for Learning TechnologyExtensible Markup Language (XML) Schema Definition Language Binding for Learning Object Metadata 1. Overview The scope and purpose of this Standard are discussed in 1.1 and 1.2. 1.1 Scope This Standard defines World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
27、Extensible Markup Language (XML) structure and constraints on the contents of XML 1.1 documents that can be used to represent learning object metadata (LOM) instances as defined in IEEE Std 1484.12.1TM-2002.1 This Standard defines the structure and constraints of the XML 1.1 documents in W3C XML Sch
28、ema definition language. An implementation that conforms to this Standard shall conform to IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this Standard is to allow the creation of interoperable LOM instances in XML. This Standard uses the W3C XML Schema definition language as the encoding, whic
29、h allows for interoperability and the exchange of LOM XML instances between various systems. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edi
30、tion of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. IEEE Std 1484.12.1TM-2002, IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata.2 1For information on references, see Clause 2. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UT
31、C from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Std 1484.12.3-2005IEEE STANDARD FOR LEARNING TECHNOLOGYXML SCHEMA 2Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. IETF RFC 2048:1996, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four: Registration Procedures.3 IETF RFC 2426:1998, vCard MIME Directory Pro
32、file. ISO 639-1, Code for the Representation of Names of LanguagesPart 1: Alpha-2 code.4 ISO 639-2, Codes for the Representation of Names of LanguagesPart 2: Alpha-3 code. ISO 3166-1, Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries and Their SubdivisionsPart 1: Country Codes. ISO/IEC 10646-1, Inf
33、ormation TechnologyUniversal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane.5 W3C Recommendation (28 October 2004), XML Schema Part 1: Structures, Second Edition.6 W3C Recommendation (28 October 2004), XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, Second Edition. W3C Recommenda
34、tion (4 February 2004), Namespaces in XML 1.1. 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations Definitions and acronyms are defined in 3.1 and 3.2, respectively. 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards T
35、erms B17 should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause. 3.1.1 aggregate element: A LOM data element that contains other LOM data elements called subelements. See also: subelement. 3.1.2 component Extensible Markup Language Schema definition (component XSD): An Extensible Markup Language
36、Schema definition that defines a constituent of a composite schema. See also: composite Extensible Markup Language Schema definition. 3.1.3 composite Extensible Markup Language Schema definition (composite XSD): An Extensible Markup Language Schema definition that is a structure made up of distinct
37、component XML Schema definitions. See also: component Extensible Markup Language Schema definition. 2IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 3IETF publications are availabl
38、e from the Internet Engineering Task Force website at http:/ietf.org/rfc.html. 4ISO publications are available from the ISO Central Secretariat, Case Postale 56, 1 rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzer- land/Suisse (http:/www.iso.ch/). ISO publications are also available in the United States fro
39、m the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). 5ISO/IEC publications are available from the ISO Central Secretariat, Case Postale 56, 1 rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Swit- zerland/Suisse (http:/www.iso
40、.ch/). ISO/IEC publications are also available in the United States from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, USA (http:/ Electronic copies are available in the United States from the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York
41、, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). 6W3C publications are available from the World Wide Web Consortium, 32 Vassar Street, Room 32-G515, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (http:/www.w3.org/). 7The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A. Authorized licensed use limited to: Pe
42、king University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 17:07:32 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE DEFINITION LANGUAGE BINDING FOR LEARNING OBJECT METADATAStd 1484.12.3-2005 Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.3 3.1.4 content model: A framework that identifies the makeup (i.e., data typ
43、es, multiplicity constraints, ordering) of a specific model. 3.1.5 data type: A property of distinct values that indicates the common features of those values and operations on those values. 3.1.6 extended data element: A data element that is not defined in the LOMv1.0 base schema. See also: LOMv1.0
44、 base schema. 3.1.7 extended vocabulary: A value space that is not defined in the LOMv1.0 base schema for a LOM data element of type Vocabulary. See also: LOMv1.0 base schema. 3.1.8 Extensible Markup Language Information Set (XML Infoset): An abstract data set that provides a consistent set of defin
45、itions for use in other specifications that need to refer to the information in a well- formed XML document (W3C, XML Information Set). See also: post-schema-validation infoset. 3.1.9 Extensible Markup Language Schema binding (XML Schema binding): A textual representation of the behaviors, attribute
46、s, and value space of a data model element in W3C XML Schema definition language. 3.1.10 learning object: Any entity, digital or nondigital, that may be used for learning, education, or training. (IEEE 1484.12.1-2002) 3.1.11 learning object metadata data element (LOM data element): A data element fo
47、r which the name, explanation, size, ordering, value space, and data type are defined in IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. See also: LOMv1.0 base schema. 3.1.12 learning object metadata Extensible Markup Language instance (LOM XML instance): A collection of metadata for a learning object that conforms to IEE
48、E Std 1484.12.1-2002, that is represented in XML, and that adheres to the requirements and constraints of the XML Schema binding. 3.1.13 LOMv1.0 base schema: A structured collection of standard data items, including their data types, multiplicities, and container/component relationships, as defined
49、in IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002, Clause 6. 3.1.14 mixed content: An element type has mixed content when elements of that type may contain character data, optionally interspersed with child elements. (W3C, Extensible Markup Language XML 1.1) 3.1.15 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions type (MIME type): A standard way of classifying content types on the Internet. 3.1.16 post-schema-validation infoset: A transformed version of the XML infoset of a document produced by a conforming W3C XML Schema processor. W3C XML Schema defines the data e