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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-4:2006 Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders ICS 53.100 ? +A1:2009 BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2007 BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 6
2、2368 4 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 474-4:2006, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to Subcommittee
3、B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International). A list of organizations represented on this Subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complianc
4、e with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amen
5、dment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by . A1A1 31 May 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 474-4:2006+A1 February 2009 ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-4:2006 English Version Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part
6、4: Requirements for backhoe loaders Engins de terrassement - Scurit - Partie 4: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anforderungen an Baggerlader This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CE
7、N on 20 December 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standar
8、ds may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to
9、the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Net
10、herlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitat
11、ion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009: E EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4? Introduction .6? 1?Scope 7? 2?Normative references 7? 3?Terms and definitions .8? 4?List of additional significant hazards 8? 5?Safety
12、 requirements and/or measures 8? 5.1?General 8? 5.2?Protection .8? 5.3?Operators station 9? 5.4?Warning devices . 10? 5.5?Stability 10? 5.6?Travelling and transportation 15? 6?Information for use . 15? Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards Backhoe loaders 16? Annex B (normative)
13、 Test method for backhoe loader lift capacity at the backhoe portion 18? Annex C (informative) Illustrations . 21? Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 23? Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this Europe
14、an Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ 24? Bibliography . 25? Figures Figure 1 Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view 9 Figure 2 Load centre distance . 12 Figure C.1 Wheel backhoe loader 21 Figure C.2 Compact wheel backhoe loader 21 Figure C.3 Crawler backhoe lo
15、ader . 22 Figure C.4 Backhoe loader with pole erecting attachment . 22 Figure C.5 Backhoe loader with earth drill . 22 Tables Table 1 Stability factors in fork application 11 BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 3 Table 2 Load centre distance 12 Table 3 Stability factors in log handlin
16、g 12 Table A.1 List of additional significant hazards . 16 BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety”, the secretariat of which
17、is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment
18、1, approved by CEN on 2008-12-20. This document supersedes !EN 474-4:2006“. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Associ
19、ation, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ For bibliographic references, see !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery Safety“ comprises the following
20、 parts: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Requirements for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for graders Par
21、t 9: Requirements for pipelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators This European Standard is intended for use in combination with Part 1 of the series. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulatio
22、ns, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+
23、A1:2009 (E) 5 Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 6 Introduction This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
24、The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standar
25、d take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 7 1 Scope This part of EN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations
26、and events relevant to wheel and crawler backhoe loaders as defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This part also deals with fork application, object handling application and log
27、handling. The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. This does not repeat the requirements from !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for backhoe loaders. This part specifies the appropria
28、te technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of backhoe loaders. This European Standard is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of publication of this Europ
29、ean Standard by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appli
30、es. !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements !EN ISO 3164:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume (ISO 3164:1995) !EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Falling-object
31、protective structures - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005) “ !EN ISO 6682:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986 including Amendment 1:1989) !EN ISO 7096:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibr
32、ation (ISO 7096:2000) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristics and testing !ISO 6016:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Methods of me
33、asuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components !ISO 7451:2007, Earth-moving machinery Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders“ !ISO 7546:1983“, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric
34、 ratings ISO 8643:1997, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic excavator and backhoe loader boom-lowering control device Requirements and tests BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 8 ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement
35、 accuracies !ISO 14397-1:2007“, Earth-moving machinery Loaders and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in !EN 474-1:20
36、06+A1:2009“, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. NOTE 1 Terminology for backhoe loaders is specified in ISO 8812:1999 and most common backhoe loaders are illustrated in Annex C of this European Standard. NOTE 2 Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard a
37、re also valid for this document. 3.1 backhoe loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry both front-mounted equipment and rear-mounted backhoe equipment, normally with stabilisers or outriggers (see EN ISO 6165:2006) NOTE 1 When used in backhoe mode, the ma
38、chine is stationary and normally digs below ground level, but when used in loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion. NOTE 2 A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material. A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elev
39、ating, transporting and discharging material. 3.2 compact backhoe loader backhoe loader with an operating mass (see !ISO 6016:2008“) of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in confined spaces with the associated needs for greater manoeuvrability 4 List of additional significant hazards See Annex A. NO
40、TE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 5 Safety requiremen
41、ts and/or measures 5.1 General Backhoe loaders shall comply with the requirements of !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, as far as not modified or replaced by the requirements of this part. 5.2 Protection 5.2.1 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.3.3 applies with the following add
42、ition for compact backhoe loaders: BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 9 The portion of deflection-limiting volume (DLV) above the LA (SIP) line according to !EN ISO 3164:2008“ is allowed to deviate (lean) up to 15 laterally as shown in Figure 1, when the minimum energy requirement is
43、 met. Portion below the LA (SIP) line of DLV can be disregarded. Key 1 up to 15 2 LA 3 Seat index point (SIP) Figure 1 Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view 5.2.2 Falling object protective structures (FOPS) !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009, 5.3.4 applies with the following additions for backhoe loaders
44、. Machines with an operating mass less than or equal to 700 kg according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be fitted with a falling-object protective structure (FOPS), when they are intended for applications where there is a risk of falling objects. If FOPS is fitted, it shall meet the performance requirements
45、 of EN ISO 3449:2008 Level 1.“ 5.3 Operators station 5.3.1 Minimum space envelope !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.3.2.5 applies with the following additions: On backhoe loaders with retractable rear window, the cab height above SIP shall not be less than 920 mm measured with the window retracted into the
46、 cab. NOTE This requirement is at present under consideration. In the future this exception will disappear. 5.3.2 Operators controls !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.5 applies with the following additions: BS EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009 (E) 10 on backhoe loaders equipped with outriggers, a
47、n acoustic and visual warning device shall be installed to warn the operator when the travel motion is engaged with lowered outriggers; NOTE Preferably an interlocking device should be provided, which makes it impossible to raise the outriggers if the travel motion is engaged. if the backhoe loader
48、is provided with an alternative operator position with alternative travel controls, there shall also be control devices for braking and steering at this alternative position, which meet the performance requirements for the primary functions. 5.3.3 Operators seat !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.4.1, appli
49、es with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of the following input spectral class according to !EN ISO 7096:2008“: EM5 for backhoe loaders; EM8 for compact backhoe loaders. 5.4 Warning devices !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.9, first indent, applies with the addition that the sound level shall also be greater than or equal to 93 dB (A) at 7 m distance from backhoe swing centre