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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60835-3-5:1995 BS 7573-3.5: 1995 IEC 835-3-5: 1994 Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 3.5 Up- and down-converters The European Standard EN 60835-3-5:1994 has the sta
2、tus of a British Standard UDC 621.396.6:629.783:621.317.08 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 60835-3-5:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was publish
3、ed under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1995 BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference EPL/12 Draft for comment 91/22367 DC ISBN 0 580 24396 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The prepara
4、tion of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/12, Radiocommunication, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Broadcasting Corporation British Radio and Electronic Equipment Manufacturers Association British Telecommunications plc ERA Technology Ltd. Instit
5、ution of Electrical Engineers Radio, Electrical and Television Retailers Association Radiocommunications Agency Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 60835-3-5:1995 BSI
6、 01-2000i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 Text of EN 60835-3-53 List of referencesInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 60835-3-5:1995 ii BSI 01-2000 Nati
7、onal foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee EPL/12 and is the English language version of EN 60835-3-5:1994 Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 3.5: Up- and
8、 down-converters, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC 835-3-5:1994 published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). BS EN 60835 is published in three Parts. The other Parts are: Part 1: Measurements common to t
9、errestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations; Part 2: Measurements on terrestrial radio-relay systems. Some of the many Sections of the three Parts have appeared under the number BS 7573, of the same generic title. This Section of BS EN 60835 describes methods of measurement of the el
10、ectrical characteristics of up-converters and down-converters used in satellite earth station transmitters and receivers with digital modulation. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct ap
11、plication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred toCorresponding British Standard BS EN 60835 Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 1 Measurements co
12、mmon to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations EN 60835-1-1:1992 (IEC 835-1-1:1990) Section 1.1:1994 General EN 60835-1-2:1993 (IEC 835-1-2:1992) Section 1.2:1995 Basic characteristics BS 7573 Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission sys
13、tems IEC 835-1-3:1992Part 1 Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section 1.3:1993 Transmission characteristics IEC 835-3-4:1993Part 3 Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 3.4:1993 Low noise amplifier Summary of pages This document comprises
14、a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licens
15、ed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60835-3-5 May 1994 UDC 621.396.6:629.783:621.317.08 Descriptors: Radiocommunications, telecommunications, communication equipment, earth stations,
16、 satellite broadcasting, microwave frequencies, measurement, characteristics English version Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 5: Up- and down-converters (IEC 835-3-5:1994) Mthodes de mes
17、ure applicables au matriel utilis pour les systmes de transmission numrique en hyperfrquence Partie 3: Mesures applicables aux stations terriennes de tlcommunications par satellite Section 5: Convertisseurs lvateurs et abaisseurs de frquence (CEI 835-3-5:1994) Meverfahren fr Gerte in digitalen Mikro
18、wellen-Funkbertragungs-systemen Teil 3: Messungen an Satelliten-Erdfunkstellen Hauptabschnitt 5: Sende- und Empfangsumsetzer (IEC 835-3-5:1994) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1993-12-08. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate
19、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exi
20、sts in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national elec
21、trotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation El
22、ectrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN 60835-3-5:1994 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
23、EN 60835-3-5:1994 BSI 01-2000 2 Foreword The text of document 12E(CO)147, as prepared by Subcommittee 12E: Radio-relay and fixed satellite communications systems, of IEC Technical Committee 12, Radiocommunications, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote in April 1993. The reference document
24、was approved by CENELEC as EN 60835-3-5 on 8 December 1993. The following dates were fixed: Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3General3 3.1Up-converter3 3.2Down-converter3 4Input and output return loss3 5Input and output level or power3 6Gain3 6.1Gain stability4 6.2Gain compress
25、ion4 7Automatic gain control (a.g.c.)4 7.1Definition and general considerations4 7.2Method of measurement4 7.3Presentation of results4 7.4Details to be specified4 8Amplitude modulation/phase modulation conversion factor4 9Amplitude/frequency characteristic4 10Group delay/frequency characteristic5 11
26、Spurious output signals (including harmonics)5 12Intermodulation products5 13Phase noise5 13.1 Definition and general considerations5 13.2 Method of measurement using a spectrum analyser5 13.3 Alternative method of measurement for down-converters5 Page 13.4 Alternative method of measurement for up-c
27、onverters5 13.5 Presentation of results6 13.6 Details to be specified6 14Noise figure6 14.1 Up-converter6 14.2 Down-converter6 14.3 Calibration7 14.4 Correction of the measurement data7 14.5 Presentation of results7 14.6 Details to be specified7 15Local oscillator frequency7 Annex ZA (normative) Oth
28、er international publications quoted in this standard with the references of the relevant European publications12 Figure 1 Typical block diagram of an up-converter (double mixer type)8 Figure 2 Typical block diagram of a down-converter (double mixer type)8 Figure 3 S.s.b. phase noise measuring arran
29、gement using a spectrum analyser9 Figure 4 Example of an arrangement for measuring the phase noise of a down-converter9 Figure 5 Example of an arrangement for measuring the phase noise of an up-converter10 Figure 6 Up-converter noise figure test set-up11 Figure 7 Down-converter noise figure test set
30、-up11 latest date of publication of an identical national standard(dop) 1995-04-01 latest date of withdrawal of conflicting national standards(dow) 1995-04-01 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 60835-3-5:1994 BSI 01-20003 1 S
31、cope This section of IEC 835-3 describes methods of measurement of the electrical characteristics of up-converters and down-converters used in satellite earth station transmitters and receivers with digital modulation. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which
32、, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this section of IEC 835-3. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this section of IEC 835-3 are encouraged to investigate the possibi
33、lity of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 835-1-1:1990, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 1: Measurements
34、 common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section 1: General. IEC 835-1-2:1992, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 1: Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section
35、2: Basic characteristics. IEC 835-1-3:1992, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 1: Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section 3: Transmission characteristics. IEC 835-3-4:1993, Methods of meas
36、urement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 4: Low noise amplifier. 3 General 3.1 Up-converter An up-converter is a subsystem of the transmitting chain which converts an i.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 7
37、0 MHz or 140 MHz) to an r.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 6 GHz or 14 GHz). Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a typical double conversion up-converter. Note that in some cases only one mixing stage may be used. The up-converter shown in Figure 1 consists principally of a first i.f. stage, a f
38、irst mixer, a first local oscillator and a first i.f. filter, a second i.f. stage, a second mixer, a second local oscillator and an r.f. output filter. The filters are provided after the mixers to suppress the local oscillator signals and other spurious signals which may be present at the output of
39、the mixers. I.F. equalizers may be provided for correcting the up-converter amplitude/frequency and/or group delay/frequency characteristics but additional, separate, i.f. amplitude and group-delay equalizers may be provided to equalize the earth station transmit characteristic and to pre-correct fo
40、r the satellite group-delay and amplitude/frequency response. A variable attenuator is included to adjust the gain of the up-converter. 3.2 Down-converter A down-converter is a subsystem of the receiving chain which converts an r.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 4 GHz or 11 GHz) to an i.f. sig
41、nal (e.g. in the frequency bands 70 MHz or 140 MHz). Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a typical double-conversion down-converter. Note that in some cases only one mixing stage may be used. The down-converter shown in Figure 2 consists principally of an r.f. filter, a first mixer, a first local osci
42、llator, a first i.f. stage, a first i.f. filter, a second mixer, a second local oscillator and a second i.f. stage. The i.f. filters are provided after the mixers to suppress the local oscillator signals and other spurious signals which may be present at the output. I.F. equalizers may be provided f
43、or correcting the down-converter amplitude/frequency and/or group delay/frequency characteristics. Equalization of the receiving chain is normally carried out by individual equalizers. Automatic gain control (a.g.c.) may be provided to maintain a constant i.f. level with variations in the r.f. input
44、 level. 4 Input and output return loss See IEC 835-1-2. NOTESpecial care should be taken that unwanted signals are excluded by the measuring equipment, particularly those from the local oscillator. During the measurement the oscillator power should be adjusted to its nominal value. 5 Input and outpu
45、t level or power See IEC 835-1-2. 6 Gain See IEC 835-1-2. The gain is usually adjustable and should be measured at specified gain control setting. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sat Nov 11 09:20:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 60835-3-5:1994 4 BSI 01-2000 NOTEThe input
46、and output frequencies are different and this should be taken into account in the test arrangement. 6.1 Gain stability See IEC 835-3-4. 6.2 Gain compression 6.2.1 Definition Gain compression is the ratio, in decibels, between the gain measured at low signal levels and the gain measured at a specifie
47、d test output and input level. It is usual to specify the output level at which gain compression is 1 dB. 6.2.2 Method of measurement The gain as defined above is measured at different input signal levels and gain compression is then calculated from the values obtained. For the measurement of small
48、gain compressions, the test equipment used needs to be of high accuracy and stability. If a filter is included to measure the wanted signal, its insertion loss needs to be taken into account in the presentation of the results. A selective level meter may be used to select the wanted signal for measu
49、rement. The gain compression can then be evaluated from the curve which relates output level to input level. NOTE 1If the converter provides a.g.c., this control needs to be switched off and the i.f. gain adjusted manually to obtain the specified test output level at the nominal input level(s). NOTE 2To avoid errors due to power fluctuations, it may be necessary to use two power meters which are read simultaneously one meter being connected to the input port and the other to the output port. The use of differe