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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 13821:2002 Corrugated fibreboard Determination of edgewise crush resistance Waxed edge method ICS 85.060 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS ISO 13821:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared
2、under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 September 2002 BSI 26 September 2002 ISBN 0 580 40437 4 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 1382
3、1:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to
4、its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue
5、 or of British Standards Online This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the te
6、xt; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front co
7、ver, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov
8、27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13821 First edition 2002-09-01 Reference number ISO 13821:2002(E) Corrugated fibreboard Determination of edgewise crush resistance Waxed edge method Carton ondul Dtermination de la rsistance la compression sur chant Mt
9、hode du bord paraffin BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii FDP dicslaimre This FDP fam elitnoc yt deddebme niayfep.seca In roccatiw ecnadA hycilop gnisnecil sebod, thf sim eliarp eb ytnieiv ro dewb detu sllah
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12、 merebm seidob. In the kilnuley evtne ttah a borpmel talerign to ti f si,dnuo saelpfni erom teh tneCS larterceratai ta thserdda es igvne olebw. BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Foreword ISO (the Internati
13、onal Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
14、 established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standa
15、rdization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at leas
16、t 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 13821 was prepar
17、ed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods and quality specifications for paper and board. BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Introduction A variety of method
18、s for the determination of edgewise crush resistance are in use in different parts of the world. These can be classified into three groups as follows. a)Those in which a carefully cut rectangular test piece is tested without any special treatment or modification. b)Those in which the edges of the te
19、st piece to which the force is applied are waxed to prevent the test result from being influenced by “edge effects”. c)Those in which the test piece edges are not waxed but the shape of the test piece is such that the length is substantially reduced at a point midway between the loading edges in ord
20、er to induce the failure to occur away from those edges. The dimensions of the test piece vary from one group to the other and, in group c), the methods vary according to the shape and method of reducing the length and to whether or not the test piece is held in a clamp during crushing. The methods
21、may not give the same numerical results, but it can be shown that most of them can be used to predict the top-to-bottom compression strength which will be achieved when the board is properly converted into a transport package. This International Standard describes a method from group b) intended to
22、be used for quality measurement and quality specification purposes. This particular method is selected because it correlates with the top-to-bottom compression strength of the final transport package and, of the methods giving the highest value, it is the simplest and most operationally convenient.
23、BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Corrugated fibreboard Determination of edgewise crush resistance Waxed edge method 1Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the edgewis
24、e crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis. This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard. It may also be used to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted produ
25、cts. While the method is applicable to waxed corrugated fibreboard, care must be taken that the heat used in the waxing step does not affect the corrugated structure. This is controlled by observing that failure during the test still occurs away from the loaded edges. 2Normative references The follo
26、wing normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International
27、 Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid Internationa
28、l Standards. ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples ISO 13820, Paper, board and corrugated fibreboard Description and calib
29、ration of compression-testing equipment 3Principle Subjection of a rectangular test piece of the corrugated board placed between the platens of a crush tester, with the flutes perpendicular to the platens, to a compressive force until failure occurs. The loading edges of the test piece have been rei
30、nforced by paraffin to prevent premature failure at those edges when the load is applied. Measurement of the maximum force sustained by the test piece. 4Apparatus and test liquid 4.1Motor-driven, platen-type compression testing machine. The apparatus described in ISO 13820 shall be used. 4.2Cutting
31、equipment, enabling the cutting of test pieces according to the requirements specified in 7.2. 4.2.1Band-saw or knife and cutting jig to prepare the test pieces. The equipment shall produce cut edges that are unfrayed, straight and perpendicular to the facings of the board. BS ISO 13821:2002 License
32、d Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 4.2.2Circular saw, equipped with a sharp, no-set (hollow-ground or taper-ground is desirable) saw blade. Ensure that the saw blade is to the table supporting the test piece. 4.2.3Motorized dual-knif
33、e-type cutter with flat, straight, parallel and freshly sharpened blades which should be approximately thick, sharpened on one side only to a bevel of about and mounted so that the plane sides of the blades face each other (i.e. inwards) and are perpendicular to the faces of the board. The blades of
34、 such a cutter must be kept in good alignment. It is recommended that the blades of this type of cutter be replaced after being used more than 100 times. 4.2.4Other types of test-piece cutters, such as a manual knife used with a guide, can be employed provided it can be shown that they meet the requ
35、irements specified in 7.2. 4.3Guide blocks, consisting of two rectangular, smooth-finished, metal (or wood) blocks of dimensions , and at least in length, to support the test piece and keep it perpendicular to the platens. The blocks are cut back by , as shown in Figure 1, to avoid contact with the
36、waxed areas. 4.4Molten paraffin, with a melting point of approximately . 5Sampling The sample, taken in accordance with ISO 186, shall permit the preparation of test pieces free from converting machine marks. 6Conditioning Condition the sample in accordance with ISO 187. 7Preparation of test pieces
37、7.1General Prepare test pieces in the standard atmosphere specified in ISO 187. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 Guide block 90 0,5 mm3 mm 40 mm20 mm40 mm 2 mm 52 C BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 7.2Cut
38、ting of the test pieces Using the equipment described in 4.2 and 4.3 to ensure parallel cuts, cut from the sample at least 10 rectangular test pieces with the flutes perpendicular (to within ) to the width or loading edges, in one of the following sizes: The tolerances apply to the mean height and w
39、idth. The loading edges shall be cut cleanly and straight. The cleanliness of the cut is judged by inspection without magnification under normal laboratory lighting. Determine that the edges are not frayed and that no loose fibres are visible. The test piece shall be free from converting-machine mar
40、ks, printing, and damage to edges, flutes and test area. Opposite edges shall be parallel and adjacent edges shall be at right angles. Straightness, parallelism and perpendicularity may be judged by the following procedure: Stand two test pieces on their cut edges on a plane surface with two of thei
41、r faces almost touching. With perfectly flat board, the two adjacent faces should appear flat and parallel to each other over their whole surfaces. If the board is warped, this may not be so, but the test pieces are acceptable if they stand vertically on their bottom edges, if the top cut surfaces a
42、ppear flat and parallel to each other and at right angles to the linear surfaces close to the cut, and if the cut ends of the test pieces appear to be in the same plane. It should not be possible to see light under the cut edge of either test piece when a load of about (equivalent to light finger pr
43、essure) is applied to the top edge. End-for-end (rotate on its vertical axis) one test piece, then invert the other test piece. In each configuration, the criteria of the preceding paragraph shall apply. Test other pairs of test pieces in the same way. 7.3Waxing Dip each loading edge in molten paraf
44、fin (see 4.4) to a depth of and hold there until the absorbed paraffin, as determined visually, begins to migrate above the dipped zone. Normally, a dip in molten paraffin at a temperature of to is satisfactory. If excessively rapid migration is encountered, reduce the temperature of the molten para
45、ffin. Immediately after dipping, momentarily blot the loading edges of the test piece on paper towelling preheated on a hot plate maintained at to . NOTEThe following alternative procedure for impregnating the loading edges of test pieces with paraffin is permissible. Place the loading edge on a par
46、affin-saturated pad, such as paper towelling, heated on a hot plate maintained at to until the paraffin impregnates the test piece to the desired depth. Generally, this method is slower than the dipping method and therefore permits better control of the depth of the paraffin penetration for test pie
47、ces in which paraffin migration is rapid. Recondition the test pieces in the standard atmosphere specified in clause 6, for to reach equilibrium. 8Procedure Conduct the tests in the standard atmosphere specified in clause 6. With the platens of the compression tester conveniently separated, place th
48、e test piece on one of its waxed loading edges centrally on the lower platen. Place the two guide blocks (4.3) on the lower platen, one on each side of the test piece, larger face up, so that the offset ends are in contact with the unwaxed portion of the surface of the test piece. for A-flute, X-flu
49、te and all doublewall and triplewall grades; for C-flute; for B-flute. 1 (50,80,8)mm (50,80,8)mm (38,10,8)mm high (50,80,8)mm wide (32,00,8)mm high (50,80,8)mm wide 1 N 180 6 mm 6 mm3 s 69 C 75 C 77 C 82 C 77 C 82 C 6 mm 2 h BS ISO 13821:2002 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 27 08:27:52 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 In so doing, the test piece is held perpendicular to the platen surface. Zero the measuring device with these guide bl