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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Petroleum and natural gas industries Cements and materials for well cementing Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of well cement formulations at atmospheric pressure The European Standard EN ISO 10426-5:2005 has the status of a British Standard IC
2、S 91.100.10; 75.020 ? Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10426-5:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 January 2006 BSI 23 January 2006 ISBN 0
3、 580 46865 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PSE/17, Materials and equipment for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, to Subcommittee PSE/17/-/3, Drilling
4、and completion fluids and well cements, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and E
5、uropean developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI
6、 Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for i
7、ts correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages
8、 1 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EN ISO 10426-5:2005. It is identical with ISO 10426-5:2004. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:
9、56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10426-5 October 2005 ICS 91.100.10; 75.020 English Version Petroleum and natural gas industries - Cements and materials for well cementing - Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of w
10、ell cement formulations at atmospheric pressure (ISO 10426-5:2004) Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel - Ciments et matriaux pour la cimentation des puits - Partie 5: Dtermination du retrait et de lexpansion la pression atmosphrique des formulations de ciments pour puits (ISO 10426-5:2004) Erdl-
11、und Erdgasindustrie - Zemente und Materialien fr die Zementation von Tiefbohrungen - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Schrumpfung und Quellung von Bohrloch- Zementmischungen bei atmosphrischem Druck (ISO 10426-5:2004) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2005. CEN members are bound to co
12、mply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central S
13、ecretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the o
14、fficial versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, S
15、weden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membe
16、rs. Ref. No. EN ISO 10426-5:2005: E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Foreword The text of ISO 10426-5:2004 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natu
17、ral gas industries” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10426- 5:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“, the secretariat of which is held by
18、 AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulat
19、ions, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norw
20、ay, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10426-5:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10426-5:2005 without any modifications. EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+
21、00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Reference number ISO 10426-5:2004(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10426-5 First edition 2004-12-01 Petroleum and natural gas industries Cements and materials for well cementing Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of well cement formulations at atmosp
22、heric pressure Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Ciments et matriaux pour la cimentation des puits Partie 5: Dtermination du retrait et de lexpansion la pression atmosphrique des formulations de ciments pour puits EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:
23、37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ii Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Sampling 2 5 Determination of shr
24、inkage or expansion under conditions of free access of water at atmospheric pressure Annular ring test 2 6 Determination of bulk shrinkage or expansion under impermeable condition and atmospheric pressure Membrane test . 9 Bibliography . 13 EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun,
25、 na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techn
26、ical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
27、with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft In
28、ternational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
29、may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10426-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Dr
30、illing and completion fluids, and well cements. ISO 10426 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries Cements and materials for well cementing: Part 1: Specification Part 2: Testing of well cements Part 3: Testing of deepwater well cement formulation
31、s Part 4: Preparation and testing of foamed cement slurries at atmospheric pressure Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of well cement formulations at atmospheric pressure EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Co
32、py, (c) BSI v Introduction Dimensional changes in oil- and gas-well cements after placement, phenomena often referred to as shrinkage, (when the dimensional change corresponds to a decrease in cement volume) have often been used to explain various wellbore phenomena including a microannulus, leading
33、 to a bad bond as demonstrated by the bond log; interzonal communication, resulting in costly remedial operations; lack of a hydraulic seal when utilizing cement inflatable packers. Attempts have been made to find additives that decrease cement shrinkage (shrinkage being a fundamental characteristic
34、 of Portland cement) The best solution for shrinkage thus far has been the identification of additives that favour the expansion of the cement. However, even if cement expands dimensionally, it will still shrink internally. In this case, the bulk expansion of the cement sample is simply superimposed
35、 on an inner shrinkage that will affect the porosity of the sample. Shrinkage and expansion in cement result from the formation of hydration products having a density different from the compounded density of the reaction components. This can result in the following: change in pore volume; change in
36、pore pressure; change in sample dimensions; change in internal stress. In a closed cell with a non-deformable boundary, the volume of hydrates produced during the chemical reaction is less than the volume of dry compounds plus water. The change in volume of hydrates will be referred to as inner hydr
37、ation shrinkage. The change in the sample dimensions will be referred to as bulk shrinkage or expansion. Bulk shrinkage and expansion of cement refer to the result of the measurement of linear dimensional change or volume change. The volume to which all volume changes are related is the volume of th
38、e slurry immediately after mixing and emplacement in the experimental equipment. In this part of ISO 10426, units are given as SI, and where practical, U.S. Customary units are included in brackets for information. Users of this part of ISO 10426 should be aware that further or differing requirement
39、s might be needed for individual applications. This part of ISO 10426 is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or de
40、veloping technology. Where an alternative is offered, the vendor should identify any variations from this International Standard and provide details. This part of ISO 10426 is based on API Technical Report 10TR 2 1. EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37
41、GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 1 Petroleum and natural gas industries Cements and materials for well cementing Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of well cement
42、formulations at atmospheric pressure 1 Scope This part of ISO 10426 provides the methods for the testing of well cement formulations to determine the dimension changes during the curing process (cement hydration) at atmospheric pressure only. This is a base document, because under real well cementin
43、g conditions shrinkage and expansion take place under pressure and different boundary conditions. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
44、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 10426-2:2003, Petroleum and natural gas industries Cements and materials for well cementing Part 2: Testing of well cements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
45、. 3.1 bulk expansion increase in the external volume or dimensions of a cement sample 3.2 bulk shrinkage decrease in the external volume or dimensions of a cement sample 3.3 hydration shrinkage difference in the volume between the hydration products and the volume of the dry cement, additives and wa
46、ter EN ISO 10426-5:2005 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Sun Nov 19 15:56:37 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 4 Sampling 4.1 General Samples of the neat cement or cement blend, solid and liquid additives, and mixing water are required to test a slurry according to this part of
47、 ISO 10426. Accordingly, the best available sampling technology should be employed to ensure the laboratory test conditions and materials match as closely as possible those found at the wellsite. Some commonly used sampling devices are shown in ISO 10426-2:2003, Figure 1. 4.2 Method Applicable sampl
48、ing techniques for the fluids and materials used are specified in ISO 10426-2:2003, Clause 4. 5 Determination of shrinkage or expansion under conditions of free access of water at atmospheric pressure Annular ring test 5.1 General information The annular expansion mould is a device suitable for meas
49、uring only the linear bulk shrinkage or expansion properties of a cement formulation. The magnitude of expansion depends on the amount of expanding agent, cement powder, slurry design and curing condition (pressure, temperature, time, fluid access). It should be noted that expansion is strongly affected by boundary conditions. The chemical process of mineral growth is strongly controlled by the state of stress and mineral growth will te