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1、 SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org AMS 2400W AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION Issued JAN1940 Revised JUL 2007 Superseding AMS 2400V Plating, Cadmium RATIONALE AMS 2400W is a Five Year Review and update of this specification. NOTICE ORDERING INFORMATION
5、: The following information shall be provided to the plating processor by the purchaser. 1) Purchase order shall specify not less than the following: AMS 2400W Plating thickness desired (see 3.4.1) Basis metal to be plated Tensile strength or hardness of the basis metal Pre-plate stress relief to be
6、 performed by plating processor (time and temperature) if different from 3.1.2 Special features, geometry or processing present on parts that requires special attention by the plating processor Hydrogen embrittlement relief to be performed by plating processor (parameters or reference document) if d
7、ifferent from 3.4.4 Minimum thickness on internal surfaces, if required (see 3.4.1.4.1) Optional: Periodic testing frequency (4.2.2) and sample quantity (4.3.3) Quantity of pieces to be plated 2) Parts manufacturing operations such as heat treating, forming, joining and media finishing can affect th
8、e condition of the substrate for plating, or if performed after plating, could adversely affect the plated part. The sequencing of these types of operations should be specified by the cognizant engineering organization or purchaser and is not controlled by this specification. SAE AMS 2400W - 2 - 1.
9、SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited cadmium on metal parts. 1.2 Application This process has been used typically to provide corrosion resistance to metal parts, but usage is not limited to such application. 1.3 Safety-Hazardous Materials While the materi
10、als, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and pro
11、per use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved. 1.4 Warning This document includes cadmium as a plating material. The use of cadmium has been restricted and/or banned for use in many countries due to environme
12、ntal and health concerns. The user should consult with local officials on applicable health and environmental regulations regarding its use. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent speci
13、fied herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Availab
14、le from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS 2759/9 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relief (Baking) of Steel Parts AS2390 Chemical Process Test Specimen Material 2.2 ASTM Publications Av
15、ailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM B 117 Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus ASTM B 253 Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Electroplating ASTM B 487 Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thi
16、cknesses by Microscopical Examination of a Cross Section ASTM B 499 Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method; Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis Metals ASTM B 504 Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method ASTM B 567 Measurement of Coating Thickness
17、by the Beta Backscatter Method ASTM B 568 Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry ASTM B 571 Adhesion of Metallic Coatings ASTM E 376 Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Test Methods ASTM F 519 Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of
18、 Plating Processes and Service Environments -,-,- SAE AMS 2400W - 3 - 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Preparation 3.1.1 Parts shall be within drawing dimension limits before plating, except as specified in 3.1.1.1. 3.1.1.1 Parts having part numbers with the prefix AN, MA, MS, or AS, and required to be
19、 plated in accordance with this specification, or parts where the drawing specifies that dimensions apply after plating, shall be made to such dimension that parts will be within drawing limits after plating. Undercutting before plating shall not be permitted unless specifically authorized by specif
20、ications referenced on the applicable drawing. 3.1.2 Steel parts having hardness 36 HRC or higher and which have been ground after heat treatment shall be cleaned to remove surface contamination and suitably stress-relieved before preparation for plating. Temperatures to which parts are heated shall
21、 be such that maximum stress relief is obtained without reducing hardness of parts below drawing limits but, unless otherwise specified, not less than 275 F (135 C) for not less than five hours for parts having hardness of 55 HRC or higher or not less than 375 F (191 C) for not less than four hours
22、for other parts. 3.1.3 Any specified residual compressive stress-inducing operations, such as shot peening, shall follow stress-relieving but precede plating. 3.1.4 The plating shall be applied over a surface free from waterbreaks. The cleaning procedure shall not produce pitting or intergranular at
23、tack of the basis metal and shall preserve dimensional requirements. 3.1.4.1 Alkaline cleaning of steel parts may be done with anodic current, but steel parts over 36 HRC shall not be cathodically cleaned. 3.1.5 Except for barrel plating, electrical contact points shall be as follows. For parts whic
24、h are to be plated all over, locations shall be acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization, for parts which are not to be plated all over, locations shall be in areas on which plating is not required. 3.2 Procedure 3.2.1 Parts shall be plated by electrodeposition of cadmium from a suitable
25、 cadmium plating solution. 3.2.1.1 The cadmium shall be deposited directly on the basis metal without a prior strike coating of other metal, such as copper or nickel underneath, except in the case of parts, assemblies, and weldments made wholly or in part of corrosion-resistant steel or similarly pa
26、ssive materials, on which a preliminary strike of nickel or other suitable metal is permissible. 3.2.1.2 Aluminum alloys shall be zincate treated in accordance with ASTM B 253 or other method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization prior to plating. 3.2.1.3 Brightening agents or other a
27、dditives to the plating solution shall not be permitted for use on parts heat treated to a hardness of 36 HRC or tensile strength of 160 ksi (1103 MPa) or higher. 3.2.2 After rinsing in water, and without allowing parts to dry, plated parts shall be given a supplementary coating, using a commercial
28、chromate treatment; such parts shall meet the color requirements of 3.5.2.1. In lieu of the commercial chromate treatment, when permitted by the cognizant engineering organization, parts may be dipped, with agitation in a 3 to 5% solution of chromic acid to which small quantities of other inorganic
29、acids may be added; such parts shall meet the color requirements 3.5.2.2. See 8.5. When plated parts require hydrogen embrittlement relief as in 3.3, surface reactivation and the supplementary treatment shall follow the hydrogen relief bake unless otherwise specified by the cognizant engineering org
30、anization. 3.2.3 The plated parts shall be removed from the chromic acid or chromate solution, thoroughly rinsed, and dried. SAE AMS 2400W - 4 - 3.3 Hydrogen Embrittlement Relief Treatment of steel parts shall be in accordance with AMS 2759/9. 3.4 Properties The plating shall conform to the followin
31、g requirements: 3.4.1 Thickness shall be as specified on the drawing, determined on representative parts or, when permitted by the cognizant engineering organization, test panels determined in accordance with any of the following methods as applicable: ASTM B 487, ASTM B 499, ASTM B 504, ASTM B 567,
32、 ASTM B 568, ASTM E 376, or other method acceptable to the cognizant engineering organization. 3.4.1.1 Plate thickness may be specified by AMS 2400 and a suffix number normally designating the minimum thickness in ten-thousandths of an inch; except as indicated in Table 1, the maximum plate thicknes
33、s shall be 0.0002 inch (5 m) greater than the minimum. Thus AMS 2400-2 designates a thickness of 0.0002 to 0.0004 inch (5 to 10 m) and AMS 2400-6 designates a thickness of 0.0006 to 0.0008 inch (15 to 20 m). 3.4.1.1.1 Plate thickness, when specified by AMS 2400 and a suffix number, shall be as speci
34、fied in Table 1 for the specified suffix number and type of part or surface. 3.4.1.2 Where “cadmium flash” is specified, plate thickness shall be approximately 0.0001 inch (2.5 m). 3.4.1.3 The plate shall be substantially uniform in thickness on significant surfaces except that slight build-up on ex
35、terior corners or edges will be permitted provided finished drawing dimensions are met. 3.4.1.4 No requirements are established for minimum plate thickness on surfaces of holes, recesses, and internal threads except as specified in Table 1, contact areas of parts plated all over, and other areas whe
36、re a controlled deposit cannot be obtained under normal plating conditions, but such areas shall not be masked to prevent plating. Except as specified in Table 1 for externally threaded sections, the resultant thickness shall be considered only when such surfaces of parts can be touched by a sphere
37、0.75 inch (19.0 mm) in diameter, however, such surfaces shall show visual evidence of coverage. 3.4.1.4.1 If internal surfaces as defined in 3.4.1.4 are required to be plated to a specified thickness, notes on the drawing will so specify. TABLE 1A - PLATE THICKNESS AND SALT SPRAY CORROSION RESISTANC
38、E REQUIREMENTS, INCH/POUND UNITS AMS 2400 Thickness Designation Specified External Threads Thickness Inch External Threads Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min Nuts, Washers, and Unthreaded Surfaces of Parts Externally Threaded Thickness Inch Nuts, Washers, and Unthreaded Surfaces of Parts Externally Th
39、readed Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min Parts Not Externally Threaded Except Nuts and Washers Thickness Inch Parts Not Externally Threaded Except Nuts and Washers Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min 2400 0.0001 to 0.0004 100 0.0002 to 0.0005 150 0.0003 to 0.0005 200 2400-1 0.0001 to 0.0003 100 0.0002 t
40、o 0.0004 150 0.0001 to 0.0003 100 2400-2 0.0001 to 0.0004 100 0.0002 to 0.0004 150 0.0002 to 0.0004 150 2400-3 0.0002 to 0.0005 150 0.0003 to 0.0005 200 0.0003 to 0.0005 200 2400-4 0.0003 to 0.0006 200 0.0004 to 0.0006 225 0.0004 to 0.0006 225 2400-5 0.0004 to 0.0007 225 0.0005 to 0.0007 250 0.0005
41、to 0.0007 250 Note: For thickness designations AMS 2400-X is greater than 5, plate thickness in ten-thousandths of an inch shall be X to X + 2 except on external threads where the plate thickness shall be X-1 to X+2; such parts shall withstand salt spray for not less than 250 hours. SAE AMS 2400W -
42、5 - TABLE 1B - PLATE THICKNESS AND SALT SPRAY CORROSION RESISTANCE REQUIREMENTS, SI UNITS AMS 2400 Thickness Designation Specified External Threads Thickness Millimeter External Threads Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min Nuts, Washers, and Unthreaded Surfaces of Parts Externally Threaded Thickness Mil
43、limeter Nuts, Washers, and Unthreaded Surfaces of Parts Externally Threaded Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min Parts Not Externally Threaded Except Nuts and Washers Thickness Millimeter Parts Not Externally Threaded Except Nuts and Washers Salt Spray Resistance Hours, min 2400 0.002 to 0.010 100 0.005
44、 to 0.013 150 0.008 to 0.013 200 2400-1 0.002 to 0.008 100 0.005 to 0.010 150 0.002 to 0.008 100 2400-2 0.002 to 0.010 100 0.005 to 0.010 150 0.005 to 0.010 150 2400-3 0.005 to 0.013 150 0.008 to 0.013 200 0.008 to 0.013 200 2400-4 0.008 to 0.015 200 0.010 to 0.015 225 0.010 to 0.015 225 2400-5 0.01
45、0 to 0.018 225 0.013 to 0.018 250 0.013 to 0.018 250 Note: For thickness designations AMS 2400-X where X is greater than 5, plate thickness in millimeters shall be 0.0025X to 0.0025 (X+2) except on external threads where the plate thickness shall be 0.0025 (X-1) to 0.0025 (X+2); such parts shall wit
46、hstand salt spray for not less than 250 hours. 3.4.2 Adhesion Plating shall be firmly adhered to the basis metal. 3.4.2.1 Plating adhesion shall be tested using one of the following methods: 3.4.2.1.1 The plating shall be scraped through to the basis metal with a sharp knife or awl to expose the bas
47、is metal, and examined at approximately 5X magnification for evidence of flaking or separation. 3.4.2.1.2 Test adhesion using the bend test, burnishing test, draw test, or heat quench test of ASTM B 571. 3.4.2.2 Adhesion testing is not required for parts that are post treated by heating to at least
48、375 F (191 C), quenched, and examined for blisters or other signs of lack of adhesion. 3.4.3 Corrosion Resistance Except as specified in 3.4.3.1, ferrous metal parts or representative test panels conforming to 4.3.1.2 shall show no visual evidence of corrosion of the basis metal after being subjecte
49、d for a time not less than specified in Table 1 to continuous salt spray corrosion testing conducted in accordance with ASTM B 117. Where the drawing requires a specific plating thickness, the most stringent test requirement for the minimum specified thickness shall apply. 3.4.3.1 Salt spray corrosion tests shall not apply to plated parts made of austenitic corrosion-resistant steel, to unplated areas of parts, and to plated parts made of any steel when thickness is specified as “flash”. 3.4.4 Hydrogen Embr