1、单纯性甲状腺肿 simple goiter 地方性甲状腺肿 endemic goiter结节性甲状腺肿 nodular goiter 甲状腺功能亢进 hyperthyroidism毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿Gravers病 toxic diffuse goiter毒性甲状腺腺瘤 toxic thyroid adenoma毒性多发结节性甲状腺肿 toxic multinodular goiter高功能腺瘤 hyperfunctioning thyroid adenoma突眼性甲状腺肿 exophthalmic goiter长效甲状腺刺激素 long acting thyroid stimulator，L
2、ATS 甲状腺刺激素免疫球蛋白 thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin, TSI 甲状旁腺功能减退 hypoparathyroidism 甲状腺危象 thyroid crisis 甲状腺腺瘤 thyroid adenoma 甲状腺癌 thyroid carcinoma 乳头状癌 papillary carcinoma 滤泡状腺癌 follicular carcinoma未分化癌 anaplastic carcinoma 髓样癌 medullary carcinoma细针穿刺抽吸活检 fine-needle aspiration biopsy , FNAB降钙素 c
3、alcitonin 原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 primary hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺素 parathyroid hormone, PTH 甲状旁腺腺瘤 parathyroid adenoma甲状旁腺增生 parathyroid hyperplasia颈淋巴结结核 tuberculosis of cervical lymph node甲状腺舌管囊肿 thyrogiossal duct cyst 钼靶X线摄片 radiography with molybdenum target tube干板照相 xeroradiography急性乳腺炎 acute mastitis乳房后脓肿
4、 retromammary abscess乳腺病 mastopathy纤维腺瘤 fibroadenoma乳管内乳头状瘤 intraductal papilloma乳腺癌 breast cancer乳房肉瘤 breast sarcoma分叶状肿瘤 phylloides tumor分叶状纤维腺瘤 phylloides ibroadenoma叶状囊肉瘤 cystosarcoma phylloides炎性乳腺癌 inflammatory breast carcinoma乳头湿疹样乳腺癌 Pagets carcinoma of the breast乳腺癌根治术 radical mastectomy乳腺癌
5、扩大根治术 extensive radical mastectomy乳腺癌改良根治术 modified radical mastectomy全乳房切除术 total mastectomy保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术 lumpectomy and axillary dissection男性乳房肥大症 gynecomastia 肺大疱 Pulmonary bulla 支气管扩张 Bronchiectasis 肺结核 Pulmonary tuberculosis 肺棘球蚴病 Pulmonary echinococcus 肺癌 Lung cancer 支气管腺瘤 Adenoma of bronchus 直疝
6、 direct hernia 腹股沟直疝 direct inguinal hernia 上腹疝 epigastric hernia 股疝 femoral hernia 疝 hernia 白线疝 hernia of linea alba 嵌顿疝 incarcerated hernia 切口疝 incisional hernia 腹股沟斜疝 indirect inguinal hernia 难复性疝 irreducible hernia 易复性疝 reducible hernia 绞窄性疝 strangulated hernia 无张力疝修补术 tension-free hernioplasty
7、脐疝 umibilical hernia 腹 腔 peritoneal cavity 腹 膜 peritoneum 肿瘤坏死因子 Tumoc necrosis factoz ，TNF 继发性腹膜炎 secondary peritonitis 原发性腹膜炎 primary peritonitis 克隆氏病 Crohns disease 膈下脓肿 subphrenic abscess 盆腔脓肿 pelvic abscess 肠间脓肿 interloop abscess 希氏角 His angle进展期胃癌 advanced gastric cancer 胃癌Borrmann分型 Borrmann
8、Classification 胃癌 carcinoma of stomach 慢性萎缩性胃炎 chronic atrophic gastritis 先天性肥厚性幽门梗阻 congenital hypertrophic pylorostenosis 十二指肠憩室 duodenal diverticulum 早期胃癌 early gastric cancer 胃良性肿瘤 gastric benign tumor 胃平滑肌肉瘤 gastric leiomyosarcoma 胃恶性淋巴瘤 gastric malignant lymphoma 胃息肉 gastric polyps 胃肉瘤 gastric
9、 sarcoma 残胃 gastric stump Krukenberg瘤 Krukenbery tumor 胃癌Lauren分型 Lauren Classification 皮革胃 linitis plastica 胃粘膜巨大皱壁症 Mntrier disease 癌前疾病 precancerous disease 癌前病变 precancerous lesions 胃癌分期 staging of gastric cancer 肠系膜上动脉综合症superior mesenteric artery syndrome Virchow淋巴结 Virchow lymph node 消化性溃疡 pe
10、ptic ulcer，PU 十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer，DU 胃溃疡 gastric ulcer，GU 幽门螺杆菌 helicobacter pylori，Hp 胃瘫 gastroparesis 倾倒综合征 dumping syndrome 十二指肠空肠悬韧带处 Treitz ligament奥厄巴赫神经丛 Auerbach plexus麦斯纳神经丛 Meissnei plexus肠脑 gut brain肠结核 tuberculosis of intestine伤寒 typhoidCrohn病 Crohns disease溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis局限性
11、肠炎 regional enteritis中毒性巨结肠 toxic megacolon肠梗阻 intestinal obstruction肠扭转 volvulus肠套叠 intussusception急性肠系膜血管缺血性疾病 Acute mesenteric ischemia短肠综合征 Short Bowel Syndrom谷氨酰胺 glutamine胰岛素样生长因子1 insulin-like growth factor 1息肉 polyps息肉病 polyposis色素沉着息肉综合征 Peutz-Jeghers syndrome家族性腺瘤性息肉病 familial adenomatous
12、polyposis肠息肉病合并多发性骨瘤和多发性软组织瘤 Gardner syndrome5羟吲哚乙酸 5HIAA结肠癌 colon cancer肠闭锁 Intestinal atresia肠狭窄 Intestinal stenosis先天性肠旋转不良 Congenital intestinal malrotation亚叶酸钙 Calcium folinate，CF左旋咪唑 Levamisole，LMS呋氟尿嘧啶 FT-207 阑尾 Appendix麦氏点 McBurneys point阑尾炎 Appendicitis急性阑尾炎 Acute appendicitis单纯性阑尾炎 Simple
13、appendicitis化脓性阑尾炎 Suppurative appendicitis坏疽性阑尾炎 Gangrenous appendicitis蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎 Phelgmonous appendicitis疑似性阑尾炎 Suspected appendicitis慢性阑尾炎 Chronic appendicitis复发性阑尾炎 Recurrent appendicitis阑尾肿瘤 Appendix tumors粘液囊肿 Mucocele类癌 Carcinoid tumors腺癌 Adenocarcinoma假粘液瘤 Pseudomyxoma阑尾切除术 Appendectomy间隔阑尾切除
14、术 Interval appendectomy附带阑尾切除术 Incidental appendectomy预防阑尾切除术 Prophylactic appendectomy 腹腔镜阑尾切除术 Laparoscopic appendectomy化脓性门静脉炎 Pylephlebitis 肝脏 liver韧带 ligament肝圆韧带 ligament teres细菌性肝脏脓肿 bacterial liver abscess化脓性肝脏脓肿 pyogenic liver abscess阿米巴性肝脏脓肿 amebic liver abscess肝脏肿瘤 tumor of liver肝脏良性肿瘤 be
15、nign tumor of liver海绵状血管瘤 cavernous hemangioma肝脏腺瘤 hepatic adenoma肝脏局灶性结节增生 focal nodular hyperplasia, FNH肝脏恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor of liver原发性肝癌 primary liver cancer，PLC肝细胞性肝癌 hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC胆管细胞性肝癌 cholangiocarcinoma纤维板层癌 fibrolamellar carcinoma甲胎蛋白 -fetoprotein，AFP肝动脉插管栓塞化疗 trans-arter
16、ial chemotherapy and embolization，TACE射频 radiofrequency ablation，RFA无水酒精注射治疗 percutaneous ethnol injection，PEI转移性肝癌 metastatic liver cancer继发性肝癌 secondary liver cancer肝棘球病 Hepatic Echinococcosis, HE肝囊型包病 Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis, HCE肝泡型包虫病 Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis , HAE内囊 Endocyst原头节 Pro
17、toscolices内囊摘除术 Endocystectomy外囊摘除术 Pericystectomy 门静脉高压症Portal hypertension 门静脉 Portal vein 脾 Spleen 脾静脉 Splenic vein 肝硬化 Liver cirrhosis 侧支循环 Collateral circulation 食管曲张静脉 Esophageal varices 腹水 Ascites 呕血 Hematemesis 便血 Hematochezia 肝窦 Hepatic sinusoid 肝静脉 Hepatic vein 布加综合征 Budd-Chiari syndrome 脾
18、肿大 Splenomegaly 血吸虫病 Schistosomiasis 脾技能亢进 Hypersplenism 曲张静脉破裂出血 Variceal bleeding 门静脉高压性胃病 Portal hypertensive gastropathy 肝性脑病 Hepatic encephalopathy）门体分流性脑病 Portosystemic encephalopathy 肝昏迷 Hepatic coma 肝脏移植 Liver transplantation 门体分流手术 Portosystemic shunt surgery 断流手术 Pericardioesophageal devas
19、cularization, Portaazygous vascular disconnection 内窥镜治疗 Endoscopic sclerotherapy 气囊压迫止血 Balloon tamponade 经颈门静脉肝内门体分流术 Transjugnlar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt 脾切除术 Splenectomy Calot三角（胆囊三角） Calots triangle Charcot 三联征 Charcot s Triad Hartmann袋 Hartmanns haustra Heister瓣 Heisters valve Mirizzi综
20、合征 Mirizzis Syndrome Murphy征 Murphys sign Oddi括约肌 Oddis sphincter Oddi括约肌成形术 Oddis Sphincteroplasty Vater壶腹 Vaters ampulla 白胆汁 White bile 磁共振胆胰管造影(MRCP) Magneticresonancecholangiopancreaticography, MRCP 胆肠吻合术 Cholangio-jejunostomy 胆道镜检查 Choledochoscope examination 胆管的生理功能 Physiological function of t
21、he bile duct 胆管结石 Calculus of bile duct 胆囊的生理功能 Cholecystic physiological function 胆囊结石 Cholecystolithiasis 胆石病 Cholelithiasis 胆汁酸代谢 Bile acid metabolism 经皮肝穿刺胆管造影(PTC) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, PTC 经皮肝穿刺置管引流术(PTCD) Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage, PTCD 静脉胆道造影 Venous c
22、holangiography 口服法胆囊造影 Oral cholecystography 内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ERCP 十二指肠引流 Duodenal drainage 先天性胆道闭锁(CBA) Congenital biliary atresia, CBA 先天性胆管囊状扩张症 Congenital cystic dilation of the bile duct 胆囊切除术 cholecystectomy 腹腔镜胆囊切除术 laparoscopic cholecystectomy,
23、LC 胆囊造口术 cholecystostomy 急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎 acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis, AOSC Charcot三联征 Charcot Triad Reynolds五联征 Reynold pentalogy 磁共振胆管胰腺造影术 magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, MRCP 内镜逆行性胆管胰管造影术Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ERCP内镜括约肌切开术 endoscopic sphincterotomy,
24、 EST 内镜鼻胆管引流术 endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, ENBD 原发性硬化性胆管炎 primary sclerosing cholangitis, PSC 经皮经肝胆道造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, PTC 胰腺 Pancreas 胰腺肿瘤 Neoplasm of the pancreas胰腺癌 Pancreatic cancer导管细胞癌 Duct cell adenocarcinoma梗阻性黄疸 Obstructive jaundice经皮经肝胆道置管引流 Percutaneous tran
25、shepatic cholangiography drainage, PTCD内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography，ERCP胰十二指肠切除术 Pancreaticoduodenectomy保留幽门的胰头十二指肠切除术 Pylori-preserved pancreatic duodenal resection壶腹 Ampulla十二指肠 Duodenum壶腹部癌 Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater壶腹周围癌 Periampullary adenocarcinoma胰腺囊性肿瘤 Cyst
26、ic neoplasms of the pancreas浆液性囊腺瘤 Serous cystadenoma粘液性囊腺瘤 Mucinous cystadenoma胰瘘 Pancreatic fistula窦道造影 Fistulography胰腺内分泌肿瘤 Endocrine tumor of pancreas胰岛素瘤 Insulinoma胃泌素瘤 Gastrinoma胰高血糖素瘤 Glucagonoma多发性内分泌肿瘤型 Multiple endocrine neoplasm Type I, MEN卓-艾综合征 Zollinger- Ellison Syndrome急性胰腺炎 Acute Pan
27、creatitis慢性胰腺炎 Chronic Pancreatitis逆行性胆胰管造影 ERCP Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography全身炎症反应综合征 Systemic Inflammatory Reaction Syndrome代偿性抗炎症反应综合征 Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Reaction Syndrome弥散性血管内凝血 DIC Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation多器官功能障碍综合征MODS Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syn
28、drome心肌抑制因子 MDF，Myocardial Depressant Factor急性呼吸窘迫综合征 ARDS，Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeGrey-Turner征 左腰部出现青紫色斑Cullen征 脐周出现青紫色斑APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II 肠内营养 EN Enteral Nutrition完全胃肠外营养 TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition 消化道出血 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage呕血 Hemateme
29、sis便血 Hematochezia胃溃疡 Gastric ulcer胃癌 Carcinoma of the stomach食道胃底静脉曲张 Esophageal and gastric fundus varices胆道出血 Biliary bleeding结直肠癌 Carcinoma of the colon and rectum结直肠息肉 Polyp of the colon and rectum节段性肠炎 Crohns disease结肠憩室 Diverticulum of the colon先天性胃肠道毛细血管扩张症 Congenital capillarectasia of gast
30、rointestinal tract 小肠海绵状血管瘤 Cavernous hemangioma (angiocavernoma) 急腹症 Acute abdomen腹腔器官及腹膜炎症 Inflammation of abdominal organs and peritonitis腹部空腔器官穿孔 Perforation of abdominal hollow organs腹部出血 Abdominal bleeding 肠梗阻 Intestinal Obstruction 肠绞窄 Strangulation of intestinal tract 卵巢绞窄 Ovary strangulatio
31、n 肠系膜动脉栓塞 Thrombosis of mesenteric arteries急性附件炎 Acute annexitis急性盆腔炎 Acute inflammation of pelvic cavity卵巢黄体破裂 Torsion of ovary tumors异位妊娠破裂 Rupture of heterotopic pregnancy急性肠系膜淋巴结炎 Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis急性肺炎 Acute pneumonia急性胸膜炎 Acute pleuritis(pleurisy)心肌梗死 Cardiac infarction肺动脉栓塞 Thrombosis of pulmonary artery
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