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1、2019 届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练（一）标题归纳 类 (2017安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测) Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for womens rights long before they became a popular issue. Susan was born on February 15,1820, in Adams, Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own prop
2、erty. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote. At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to
3、women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings. After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the womens suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United
4、 States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision. It was not until 1920 that the US. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights. Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of
5、 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness ( 肖像 ) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar. 【解题导语】本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony 。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。 【难句分析】Then she began organizi
6、ng womens groups to promote causes that were important to women. 分析： 该句为主从复合句，句中that were important to women为 that引导的定语从 句，修饰先行词causes。 译文：随后她开始组织妇女群体加速实现对妇女来说重要的目标。 1What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born? AThey had low social status. BThey could vote after getting marrie
7、d. CThey managed money for their husbands. DThey were responsible for decision-making. 解析： A 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women cou
8、ld not vote ” 可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A 项正确。 B 、C 和 D项均与此表述 不符。 2What is the third paragraph mainly about? ASusans teaching experiences. BSusans educational background. CSusans efforts to abolish slavery. DSusans fighting for womens causes. 解析： D 考查段落大意。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing womens grou
9、ps to promote causes that were important to women”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。 干扰项分析：A项仅为细节之一，无法概括该段大意；B项文中没有提及；根据第三段 的“Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to women”可知，Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争，而不是为废除奴隶制而斗 争，故 C项错误。 3What does the w
10、ord “decision ”in the fourth paragraph refer to? APromoting the social movement. BChanging the U S. Constitution. CGiving women voting rights. DUniting other areas and states. 解析： C 考查词义猜测。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote ”可知，在Susan Browne
11、ll Anthony 的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句“The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision”可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。 4What may be the best title for the text? AThe first American woman to invent coins BThe problem of womens rights in the US. CT
12、he most popular women organizations DA pioneer in fighting for womens rights 解析： D 考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动 领袖 Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D 项最 适合作文章标题。 B (2017安徽百所重点高中二模) I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe ( 部落 ). With the title came great responsibility.
13、It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe, whose village we visited. Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground and, as head, I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking
14、it up, then touching noses with their chief. “Kia ora，” he said, welcoming us into the woodland home of his people. My “tribe ” was my New Zealand coach tour group, who had forced me into being their leader. Wed been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile wou
15、ld be considered rude to the Tamaki. After that it was non-stop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized ( 使不朽 ) by the All Blacks rugby team. Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the groun
16、d. It had been slow-cooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal (地热 的) area of North Island, a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time. Obviously, this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. The journey back to the hote
17、l was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver bein g deserving of his own television show. “The wheels on the bus go round and round ，” he got us singing, while he circuited a roundabout three times. A couple of days from the end of our trip, there was still something missing, a New Zealand i
18、con I wanted to see to make my grand tour complete. Riding over a ridge, there it was Aotearoa. The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”. Can I say “Kia ora, Aotearoa？” You bet I can. 【解题导语】本文为记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。 5How were the visitors greeted in the tri
19、be? AThe soldiers made a palm leaf road. BThe soldiers touched their noses. CThe soldiers shook sticks fiercely. DThe soldiers made noise with shut eyes. 解析： C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a
20、palm leaf on the ground and”可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的 叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈 叶。这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。故选C。 6Which refers to the Maori cooking custom? AKia ora. B Haka. CHangi. DTamaki. 解析：C 考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的“ Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground. It ha
21、d been slow-cooked in the heat. a Maori tradition known as a hangi”可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为 hangi. 7What does the author think of the driver? AHe was good at singing. BHe made the journey memorable. CHe was not familiar with the road. DHe performed well on a TV show. 解析： B 考查推理判断。根据第四段的“The journey
22、 back to the hotel was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show. ”可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他 们一路欢歌，故选B 。 8What is the best title for the text? AA taste of Maori culture BHello, New Zealand CThe honour of being a tribe chief DThe best of New Z
23、ealand 解析： A 考查主旨要义。作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利 文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化”作标题最佳。 C (2017东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷二) On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in
24、 a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic. As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $1.7 billion. Ten million travelers were st
25、uck for days. Economics all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Icelands many volcanoes. However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gav
26、e off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the worlds flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere, temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint. Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed
27、 me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized. I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations. In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different pa
28、th. After their plan worked, they used the geothermal ( 地热的 ) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future. I ran from April 14th,
29、 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a new-found love in Earth sciences. 【解题导语】作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇 到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。 【难句分析】Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover th
30、ings about myself I would never have realized. 分析： but 连接两个并列分句，第二个分句中I would never have realized为省略了 关系词的定语从句。 译文： 相似地， 这次事故深深地影响了我的情绪，但是也让我更深入地了解我自己，发 现我从未认识到的关于自身的事情。 9What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010? AHe was involved in a car crash. BHe was stuck in an Icelands airport. CHe witne
31、ssed a volcanic eruption. DHe was badly injured on a bike ride. 解析： D 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“The next moment, metal. crash” 和“Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故， 受伤严重，故D项正确。 干扰项分析： A项的 car crash 和原文不一致； B、C两项都不是发生
32、在作者身上的事情。 10Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull? AThe economy was cost globally by the eruption. BCarbon dioxide increased temporarily. CMost of the worlds planes were held up. DThe earth in Iceland was terribly polluted. 解析： A 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were d
33、isturbed ”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全 球经济受损，故A项正确。 干扰项分析：B 项和文章第三段中的“ saved about. temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint”矛盾；根据第二段中的“It cost the airline for days”可知， C项错误；根据第三段内容可知，火山爆发能带来肥沃的土壤，而不是污染土壤，故排除D 项。 11Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano? AIt broke out in Iceland on
34、April 14th as well. BIt symbolized the accident that changed his life. CIt told us to make the best of a given situation. DIt encouraged him to know more about himself. 解析： C 考查推理判断。根据文章第五段中的“After their plan worked. their homes ”并结合“ One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present m
35、oment and being hopeful for the future”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。 干扰项分析： A项提到的日期不对；根据第二段的第一句可排除B项；鼓励作者更多地 了解自己的是自行车事故，故排除D项。 12What is the best title for the passage? AEscape from Volcanoes BInspiration from Disasters CLove for Earth Sciences DAttitude Toward Nature 解析： B 考查主旨大意。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏 处，告诉人们要积极应对现实情况，所以选B项。