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1、一积词汇见多识广 课内单词回扣 *l.expand vi膨胀；扩展 f 仮义词）contract vi.收缩f expansion 膨胀；扩大 *2.mixture n.混合物-mix v.（使）混合 3.electricity n?电-?electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的f electric adj.电的；用电的 “?供电f electronic 电子的 4.conclusion死. 结论f conclude W?得出结论；结束 S.aim n.目标；目的f aimless adj?无目标的f aimlessly adv.漫无目的地*6.react祝?（化 学）反应react
2、ion n.反应 *7.equipment n.设备；装备-equip vt.装备；配备 8.balance n.天平；平衡balanced adj.平衡的 9.1ecture n?演讲-Hechirer“.演讲者 *10.astonished ?吃惊的；惊愕的f astonishing ?令人吃惊的f astonish of.使吃惊 astonishment n.惊讶；惊异 用上面标注宣的单词的正确形式填空 1.The city has been expanding; rapidly, whose expansion has brought damage to the natural sur
3、roundings.（expand） Hua Ti Xia De Yu Su J i Lei 对知识 面的拓展賈“广” 话题下的语素职累 （一）阅读词汇写其义 1. liquid n.液体 3. substance 舁. 物质 5. partial adj.部分的；局部的 7. steam n.蒸汽；水汽 9. flame n.火焰 （二）表达词汇写其形 1. stage n.阶段；时期 3?ordinary adj.普通的；平常的 5. form vi.形成 （三）拓展词汇灵活用 2.contract vi.收缩 4.oxygen n.氧气 6.rust vi.生锈 8.dissolve v
4、i.溶解；分解；分i 10. facility n.（常作复数）设备；工具 2.boil vt.煮；煮沸 4.float vi.漂浮 6. department n.（大学的）科、系 2.Mix the eggs into the flour. The mixture of flour and eggs is then left in a warm place for four hours(mix) 3? I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words as well as your reaction ?(react) 4 话题佳句背
5、诵 1.It is for these reasons that I firmly believe that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit 正是由于这些原因我坚信这条规则将有利于营造我们的学习氛围并培养我们的团队精神。 2.Dont be afraid of difficulties. They can help you accumulate experience, and experience can, in turn, broaden your horizons. 不要害怕困难。
6、它们能够帮助你积累经验，经验反过来也能开阔你的视野。 3.Firstly, as a student, the most important thing is to study, so it is necessary for all of you to build an effective method in your study. 首先，作为一名学生，最重要的事情是学习，因此你们所有人都有必要在学习中建立一个有效 的方法。 4.The regulations are strict with the students and they require that students should
7、attend at least 90% of the lectures. 规章制度对学生要求非常严格，要求学生参加至少90%的讲座。 5 ? I propose that our school should organize this kind of activity more frequently.（2016* 北京高考书面表达） 我建议我们学校应该经常组织这样的活动。 四背语段语感流畅 He used not to be interested in chemistry, but he knew that he was supposed to learn it welL After a le
8、sson in a lab, where he observed the reaction of substances, he changed a lot Besides, the teacher“ s encouragement added to his confidence. The more he learned chemistry, the more interested he was in it Gradually, his knowledge of chemistry expanded a lot. Then he was astonished to find that he go
9、t almost full marks in a chemistry exam. Now his aim is to be a chemist and make a breakthrough in the area of chemistry. His parents are proud of him. 他过去对化学不感兴趣，但是他知道他理应学好。上了一节实验课后，他观察了物质的反应， 他改变了许多。而且，老师的鼓励增加了他的自信。他越学化学就越感兴趣。渐渐地，他的化学知 识增加了许多。然后他惊奇地发现，在一次化学考试中他几乎得了满分。现在他的目标是当一名化 学家，并在化学领域有所突破。他的父母
10、为他感到骄傲。 第一板块重点词汇突破 师生共研词汇 话题下的教初戛习 Hua Ti Xia De Jiao Cai Fu Xi 对知识点的掌握要“牢” 1- conclusion n.结论；结束 高考佳句In conclusion, we are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world. （2016*北京离考书面表达） 总之，我们以自己为骄傲，并且坚信我们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事。 (l)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion 得出结论 bri
11、ng to a conclusion 使结束 in conclusion = to conclude 总之；最后 (2)conclude v.得出结论；总结；结束 conclude with/by 以 . 结束 . conclude from 从中得出结论 conclude that ?结论是 From these facts we can drav/comc_lo/airivc_3t/reach_om _eondiisioiis about how the pyramids were built. 从这些事实中我们可以得出一些关于金字塔是如何建造的结论。 （2）In conclusion,
12、walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise. 总之，步行是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。 When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points* 当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要用几条要点作为结束。 2. aim n.目标；目的（可数名词）；瞄准；对准（不可数名词）v.瞄准；对准；目的是；旨 在；力求达到 高考佳句She started the Lady
13、bug Foundation an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. （2017e北京离考） 她创办了the Ladybug Foundation 一个旨在帮助无家可归者的组织。 (l)take aim at 向 . 瞄准；对准 with the aim of 以 . 为目标；目的是 achieve one“ s aim 达到某人的目标 / 目的 (2)aim at/be aimed at (doing) sth. 瞄准；对准；旨在（做）某事 aim to do sth.目标/ 目的是做某事 I m aiming tg jo
14、sc (lose) 4 kilograms before the summer holidays. 我的目标是暑假前体重 减轻4千克。 They will start their project, aiming (aim) at helping the poor children to be educated in the west of China. 他们要开始他们的工程，目的是帮助中国西部的贫穷孩子接受教育。 She went to London with he aim gf finding a job. 她去伦敦是为了找工作。 3?react 学) 反应； ( 对 . ) 作出反应 教材
15、原句Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water? 表格中的哪一种金属与氧气和水反应最剧烈？ (l)react to 对 . 作出反应 react with 与 起( 化学) 反应 react against 反对；反抗 react on/upon 对 . 有影响 (2)reaction n.反应 in reaction to 对 的反应 Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes. 孩子们通常
16、以违背父母意愿的方式来反抗他们。 Unkindness often reacts on/upon the unkind person? 恶有恶报。 He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction (react). 他很吃惊自己的回答竟然引起了那么强烈的反应。 4. balance n.天平；平衡仇 ( 使) 平衡；权衡 高考佳句He had the rare balance of fun and compassion ( 同情)? (2017-全国卷U) 他在乐趣和同情之间有难得的平衡。 (l
17、)the balance of nature 自然平衡 keep/lose/break the balance 保持/ 失去/ 打破平衡 on balance 总的来说 (2)balance ?against ?把 . 与 进行权衡 balance with 使与平衡 (3)balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages. 你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。 Many peopl
18、e have come to realize that they should keep a balanced (balance) diet. 许多人开始认识到他们应该保持均衡的饮食。 When he was running after his brother, the boy lost_|iis_j)alaiice and had a bad fall-(2015-湖北髙考 ) 当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔倒了。 词汇过关练 I?单句语法填空 1 你离得越近，看到的就越多。 the closer. the more . 为“the+比较级 .the+比较级 ?”结构，其
19、具体用法如下： (1)意为“越，就越”，主句、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程 度的变化而变化。 (2)从结构上看，第一个 athe+ 比较级”是表示条件的状语从句( 在表示将来意义时，从句用一 般现在时表示将来 ) ；第二个“the+比较级”是主句。 (3)本结构可以用省略形式。 Thg more you know; thy jnore you will realize how little you know. 知道得越多，就越会体会到自己知道得多么有限。 The more positive an article，thjpiorgikeW it was to be shared
20、.(2016-全国卷IH) 一篇文章越积极向上，越有可能被分享。 ?Thejonaer we delay it，thjpiorjtircd we feci. 我们拖延得越长，就感觉越累。 3. He is supposed 辺_匹_Reading (read) newspapers now. 4. The message is very important, so it is supposed tg 艇ent (send) as soon as possible* IV. “it作形式主语”( 单句语法填空/ 句型转换 ) 1. It is impossible for him to slee
21、p on such a small bed. 2. We all think it was foolish of you to do such a thing. 3. It is no use tr、in2 (try) to solve the problem by force. Peace talks are the only solution* 4. You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam. f It jg areles$_gf yoq 辺piake so many mistakes in the exam 5. He d
22、idn“ t pass the exam and that“ s a shame. f It jg Q that he didn ，t pass the exam. V ?补全句子/ 句型转换 1.你越接近大自然，就越能欣赏她的美。 Thc gloser you stay to nature, thjpiore you will appreciate her beauty. 2. If you practise more, you will become more skillful. f Thjpwre you practise, th_jnore_ killfu you will becom
23、e. 课堂双线提能课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接 提能一用课文词汇写高分作文 aim, form, used to, be supposed to, keep out of, be proud of 1?补全要点句 ( “黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语) 李华过去常常玩电脑游戏，他的成绩越来越糟。 Li Hua uscQ to play computer games，and his grades were getting worse and worse. 老师告诉他应该确立目标，养成好习惯。 The teacher told him that he、理_ upposca_to se
24、t an aim and form a good habit 对他来说放弃玩游戏是困难的，但在老师的帮助下，他远离了游戏。 To give up playing games was difficult for him，but with the help of his teacher he kept himself oul_gf them. 他感到越学习就越觉得对学习感兴趣。 He felt that as he studied more5_he became more interested in study. 他的父母为他感到骄傲。 His parents arg_proua_gf him.
25、2.升级平淡句 (1)用it作形式主语改写句 Il_、vaE_aifficult_ft)jJiim_tQ_2iv_up_plaviiig_2ames,_|)iJt_、vith h _lielp_gf_his_leach ey_i _KePl Himself_ iiLgg_lheni? （2）用“the+比较级 ?, the+比较级 ?”结构改写句 Hg_fell_lhat_lhg_jnoF_lie_ tiidied9_the_pioF_|nterested_libecam _in_it. 3?衔接成语篇（注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：later, now ） Li Hua used to pla
26、y computer games, and his grades were getting worse and worse. The teacher told him that he was supposed to set an aim and form a good habit. It was difficult for him to give up playing games, but with the help of his teacher he kept himself out of them. Later, he felt that the more he studied： the
27、more interested he became in it. Now his parents are proud of him. 提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点时间状语从句+宾语从句 经典例句 比较分析真题尝试翻译 课文长 难句 When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances， for example water and oxygen. when引导时间状语从句； how引导宾语从句。 当污染企业辩解说 我们已经在控制碳 污染的战斗中失败 并且别无选择只好
28、 适应它 时，这是惯 用的为 了商业利益 而设 计好的胡说八 道 的伎俩。 真题长 难句 When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it，s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual. （2017?江苏离考阅诙理解 D） 在when引导的时间状语从 句中含有一个that引 导的 宾语从句，即“weve lost the
29、 battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt“,作 argue 的宾语。 话题下的高看硏昇 / Hua Ti Xia De Gao Kao Yan Jiu 7 对高考的把握要“准” “教学活动”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一“学校生活”中的一个子话题，也 是高考热点话题。教学活动即课堂生活，它是属于人类生活实践总体中的一种生活。教师 和学生的学校生活大多在一节节课中度过。他们在其中创造和收获，感受成功的喜悦，经 受失败的挫折，慢慢积淀着难忘的同学缘和师生情，滋长着对日常生活之外的广袤天地和世道人 事的向往
30、，增强着坚持的意志和成长的力量这是课堂生活给予“在其中者”心 灵的终身馈赠。纵观历年高考试题，此话题多在阅读理解、完形填空等题型中考查。 话题与语篇 考题示例（2014-浙江离考） I had worried myself sick over Simon“ s mother coming to see me.I was a new 丄， and I gave an honest account of the students work In Simon“ s case，the grades were awfully low. He couldn ， t read his own handwri
31、tings 2 he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension His work in no way reflected his 3? So when Simon“ s mother entered the room, my palms （手掌心）were sweating. I was completely for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you, ” she said， surprising me b
32、eyond speech. 5 me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he ? me, he had begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had Z spent an afternoon at a friend“ s house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the 8 I had nurtured （培养）in her son. She kisse
33、d me again and left. I sat, stunned （惊呆），for about half an hour, ? what had just happened* How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without Q knowing it? What I finally came to H was one day, several months before，when some students were 12_ reports in the front of the class, Jeann
34、e spoke 13 and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simon“ s the expert on this. He is the 14 one you have to convince, and he can“ t hear you in the 5 of the room?” That was it From that day on， Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention more, and became happy. And it w
35、as all because he 口to be the last kid in the last rowearly C. frequently 策略指导 （一）这样读文 1.抓首句，明文体，确保读文方向不跑偏 由首句“I had worried myself sick over Simon ， s mother coming to see me.“可知，本文应 为一篇夹叙夹议文。读文时应重点关注与夹叙夹议文体相关的时间、地点、人物、 事件、 主旨大意、 逻辑关系等要素。 2.抓关键词（话题词汇和行为动词），巧串联，明文章大意 速读全文，结合文中students, grades, handwr
36、iting, subjects, nurtured等话题词汇和 B. self-doubt D. self-defense B. observing D. regretting B? even D? still B. remember D. accept B. reviewing D. giving Be repeatedly D? firmly B. lonely D. likely B? middle D. back B. smiled D. quarreled B. pretended D. happened B. praise D. visits B? painful D. enjoy
37、able B ? slowly D. occasionally discussed, surprising become a different person, encourage, convince, sat up straighter; paid more attention关键信息词汇可知，此文是关于“我”刚当老师时不经意地表扬了一个孩子，从 而使这个孩子发生了巨大变化的故事。 本文的行文脉络如下 : 第一段 “我”刚当老师时，担忧学生西蒙的妈妈来访。客 观评价西蒙 成绩不好，但很聪明 对于西蒙的妈妈肯定“我”的举动，“我”很吃惊。 西蒙的妈妈解释西蒙的积极变化。“我”想起了西 蒙变化的
38、原因“我 “不经意地表扬了他一次 第二、三段 发表议论 , 揭示文章主旨 小小的善意行为真的 会产生很大的影响 第四段 解答夹叙夹议文类完形填空时， 思维应灵活，抓住作者的观点即主题， 把叙事和明理 联系起来， 随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。本文先叙后议，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连续性 思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，才能提高 解题正确率。 （二）这样做题 名师解题 禧篇蔽玉文是一篇央叙夹议文。作者无意中对学生的表扬，- 却使学生改变很大，学生的母 亲感激万分。由此，作者也感悟：小小的善举却能产生重大的作用。 1?选D 从空格后的 UI
39、 gave an honest account of the students ， work 可知，我是一名新 老师。 2?选C 从上文“In Simon ，s case ?handwriting.”可知西蒙的学习成绩不好，书写也很 差，但空格后为“he was a bright student“,故填bill表示转折。 3?选B 根据上文提到 “he was a bright student M ,但他的成绩却很差可知，他的学习绝对没有 反映他的能力。ability “能力”，故选B。 4?选C 由于西蒙在学校的成绩不好， 西蒙的母亲进来时， “我”的手心冒汗， 当她 亲吻“我” 的双颊时，
40、“我”感到完全出乎意料o unprepared “无准备的，没有预料到的”，符合语境。 desperate “绝望的”，responsible “负责的 “，unsuitable “不适当的”，均不 符合语境。 5?选A 根据下文 “He talked of. a friend ， s house.和西蒙母亲对 “我”的态度可推知，西 蒙的改变是因为 “我”。in spite of “尽管” ,apart from 除 . . 外”，as for a 至 于”，均不符合语境。because of a 因为，由于”，故选A。 6 ?选A 根据西蒙因为“我”改变他很多，且西蒙的母亲很感激可推断西蒙
41、是喜欢“我” 的。 因此选A。 7?选C 根据西蒙开始交朋友可知，他在朋友家度过一个下午这件事发生在最近。gradually “ 逐步地 “,constantly a 不断地” ,obviously “明显地 “, 均不符合语境。 8?选A 根据西蒙的变化可知，作者在西蒙身上培养的是好的品质。self-respect 自 尊“。 self-doubt “自我怀疑，缺少自信 “，self-pity “自怜，自哀”，self-defense “自卫”， 均不符合语境。 故选A。 9.选C “我”坐在那儿，惊呆了，大概有半个小时，不知道刚刚发生了什么。根据语境可知， 用wonder,表示惊讶。 10
42、?选B “我”是怎样使那个男孩的生活发生改变的？甚至连“我”自己都不知道。even “甚至”，表示程度。 11.选B 从下文可知，作者是在回忆原因。故用remembero 12.选D “我”最后记起来，几个月前的一天，一些学生在全班同学面前作报告。give report “作报告”。 13.选A 根据下文“Speak up.”可知，珍妮声音太小，故用quietlyo repeatedly u 重复 地”， quickly “迅速地”，firmly “坚定地，坚固地”, 均不符合语境。 14.选C 根据下文“the last kid in the last row”可知，西蒙是最后一排最后一个学
43、生，故他是 唯一一个要被说服的。故选C。 15.选D 根据“the last kid in the last row”可知，选back。 16.选B 从下文“and became happy”可知smile符合语境。 17.选D 18.选B 那都是因为他碰巧是最后一排的最后一个孩子。happened a 碰巧”。 作者对西蒙的称赞是无意的，但对于坐最后一排、年仅12岁的西蒙来说 , 这是一种表扬，故用praiseo 19?选C 在“我”多年的教书生涯中，这给“我”上了最有价值的一堂课。根据语境可知， 这件事让作者感悟很多。difficult “困难的” ,painful “令人痛苦的” , e
44、njoyable “使人快乐的 “, 均不符合语境。 20.选A early “早地” ;slowly “ 缓慢地 “;frequently “频繁地 “;occasionally “偶 尔”。根据语 境可知，作者感谢它来得早。故选A。 完形填空系列技法21利用语法结构和逻辑关系解题 语法结构分析题在每年的完形填空中所占的比重较小，主要集中于考査定语从句、状语从句、 倒装句、比较句或并列平行结构等语法项目，选项常设置为表示各种逻辑关系的连接成分。逻辑关 系一般包括并列、递进、因果、转折、让步、时间、顺序及举例等。这些逻辑关系往往隐藏在句子 中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。如果考生能够通过确切、
45、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测 出来，那么题目的难度就大大降低了。 例如本篇完形填空的第2题，句意：对西蒙来说，成绩极其差。他不认得自己的字。 2 他是一个聪明的学生。根据语境可知，两者之间存在转折关系，故选择C项Buto 再如第10题，句意：“我惊呆地坐了大约半个小时，想知道发生了什么。我是如何对那个男孩产 生了如此改变人生的影响10不知道这个影响 ? ”根据语境可知，空格前后应该为递进关系，故选 择B项even（甚至）。 （三）这样积累 1?awfully adv?非常；极其 2. subject n.主题；科目 3?reflect vt.反映；反射；表达 4. sweat vt.使出汗
46、 5?grateful adj.感谢的；令人愉快的 6?convince vt?说服；使确信 7?give an account of叙述；说明；报告 8.in one 1 s case对某人来说；在某人的案例中 9.in no way 决不 10. talk of谈论；议论；谈到 11. make friends 交朋友 12. make a difference有影响；起重要作用 单元检测 ?高考提能 I ?阅读理解 Being in the schoof s science lab can be exciting, because you ， re doing something dif
47、ferent from sitting at your desk listening to your teacher. But fun as lab work is9 you have to observe the safety rules if you don“ t want to hurt yourself or your lab partner. The first rule is to behave responsibly in the laboratory at all times. When your teacher is showing you lab equipment, li
48、sten to what he is telling you，because some of the equipment can be dangerous. Become familiar with your lab assignment （任务）before you start doing it. This means reading everything the teacher has written down and asking questions if you don ， t understand an instruction or a term. Do not try to wor
49、k alone. If your partner is absent, let your teacher know so she can assign another student to work with you. And don“ t do any other experiments other than what you have been assigned. Wear your lab apron （围裙）and safety goggles （护 目镜）whenever you are working on a lab assignment* On lab days，wear old clothing that you won t mind getting damaged. Make sure this clothing covers as much of your skin as possible* Keep your h