1、广东省深圳市普通高中2021-2022学年高三第一次调研考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Make the most of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and family. Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.Painswick Rococo GardenFind beauty and quietness at the UKs
2、only complete surviving Rococo Garden. Discover fanciful garden flowers, woodland walks, and beautifully framed （镶*匡）views across the valley. Dogs on short leads are permitted and the shop offers a range of seasonal and local produce.Book at rococogarden.org.uk.Open: closed 1-25 March, open 26-31 Ma
3、rch, 10 am-4 pm, last entry 2:30 pm.Nymans GardenWalk down Spring Walk packed with seasonal flowers and pleasant smells, and enjoy the hedge （树篱）topped with frost. Routes include those with plenty of level paths to follow around the garden. Dogs are welcome every day from 1:30 pm, with a festive tre
4、at provided.Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/ nymans.Open: daily except 24-25 March, 10 am-4 pm.Ventnor Botanic GardenEven in early spring, there are typically over 200 varieties of plants to be seen flowering as you explore the 27 acres. Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelc
5、hairs, and then warm up with coffee milk in the cafe afterwards.Book at botanic.co.uk.Open: daily except 25 March, 9 am-4 pm.Gibside GardenEnjoy walking paths at this Georgian landscape garden, featuring plenty of wildlife. Follow the winding river and turning valley for fantastic views, up with hot
6、 chocolate and delicious biscuits in the second-hand bookshop.Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.Open: daily except 24 and 25 March, 10 am-4 pm.参考答案：1. DCB【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以一起散步的四个景观花园。1.细节理解题。根据 Painswick Rococo Garden 下的“Dogs on short leads are permitted（短期带 狗是允许的）以及 Nymans Garden 下的“Dog
7、s are welcome every day from 1:30 pm（每天下午 1:30开始，狗狗们都受到欢迎）可知，Painswick Rococo Garden和Nymans Garden共同之 处在于宠物许可。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据 Ventnor Botanic Garden F 的Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelchairs/享受滨海通道和轮椅通道）可知，Ventnor Botanic Garden适合行 走不便的人。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据第一段Make the most
8、of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and family. Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.（充分利用宜人的天气，与朋友和家人一起享受一年中最好的散步。在 一些我们最喜欢的景观花园中享受难忘的一天）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了可以一起散 步的四个景观花园。由此可推测，在旅游手册上可以找到此文。故选B。4. CCAB【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙
9、文。文章讲述了作者是班上唯一的犹太人，这让作者感到尴尬，但在妈妈的 影响下，作者学会了分享自己的传统节日，明白了跨文化理解的重要性。4.词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kipp
10、ur.（每年 9 月,我都讨厌把 父母熟练地写的便条交给我刚刚认识的老师。这张便条解释说，我将在犹太节日和赎罪日 缺席。）可知，作者不喜欢父母写便条告诉老师自己将在犹太节日和赎罪日缺席，因为他担 心老师知道他是犹太人，由此可知，画线单词所在句表示作者担心老师会给自己贴上“犹太 孩子”的标签，“Worried”意为“担心”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C 项。5.推理判断题。根据第三段内容The real trouble always came as the local new year5s festival approached. I was Jewish and celebra
11、ted Hanukkah, not this festival. At school, on one day before the winter break, every class would sit in neat rows in the gym and sing songs from the festival. However, the music teacher sometimes played Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel, a Jewish festival song, and I would feel hundreds of eyes staring at
12、my red cheeks. As my friends counted down the days until the festival, I counted the days until it was over and I could go back to feeling normal.” （真 正的麻烦总是在当地的新年临近时出现。我是犹太人，庆祝光明节，而不是这个节日。在 学校，在寒假的前一天，每个班级都会整齐地坐在体育馆里，唱节日歌曲。然而，音乐老 师有时会演奏一首犹太节日歌曲Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel,我会感觉到数百只眼睛盯着我 的红脸。当我的朋友们数着节日到
13、来前的日子时，我数着节日结束前的日子，我可以恢复 正常的感觉。）可知，作者不喜欢当地的新年，因为他是犹太人，庆祝光明节，而不是这个 节日，文化差异导致作者感到尴尬，由此可知，在当地节日期间，真正使作者感到恼火的 是文化差异。故选C项。6.推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The children who had attended the presentation previously competed to answer questions. After my mom left, I would overhear them showing off their fried treats to kid
14、s in other classes. （之前参加过介绍会的孩子们竞相回答问题。妈妈离开后,我 会无意中听到他们向其他班的孩子炫耀他们的油炸食品。）可知，当作者的妈妈来介绍犹太 节日时，孩子们竞相回答问题，在妈妈离开后，向其他班的孩子炫耀他们的油炸食品，由 此可推断出，作者的同学热烈欢迎作者妈妈的到来。故选A项。7.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“My moms annual visits to my school sparked （激发） interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from paren
15、ts who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.（我妈妈每年都来访我的学校，这也激发了其 他家长的兴趣。这些年来，我们有家长来访，他们分享了德国和意大利庆祝节日的方式。） 和最后一段内容My mom showed me, my classmates and their families that what sets us apart should be celebrated and shared, an intention which I continue to set for myself as I cycle
16、 through another holiday season.（我妈妈告诉我、我的同学和他们的家人，让我们与众不同的东西 应该被庆祝和分享，这是我在另一个假期里为自己设定的目标。）可知，作者的妈妈分享犹 太节日的行为也激发了其他家长分享自己国家的传统节日，妈妈的行为也让我知道我们应 该分享自己的传统文化，由此可知，妈妈在学校做的事情说明她鼓励跨文化理解。故选B 项。2. BCDB【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为了主要农作物 这种转变的原因。8.细节理解题。根据第二段中Initially, wheat didnt seem to be so d
17、elicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.（起初，小麦似乎并不好吃，人们把它当 作一种绝望的作物，而不是烹饪的乐趣）”可知，小麦一开始是一个糟糕的选择。故选B。9.推理判断题。根据第三段In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, a
18、bout 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modem provinces, ranging from Gansu province in the northwest to Shandong province in the east.（为 了 找至U答案， 我收集了近1200个数据点，涵盖了 50多个地点，从大约9000年前的新石器时代中期到公 答案第3页，共15页元220年东汉王朝的崩溃。这些遗址横跨8个现代省份，从西北部的甘肃省到东部的
19、山东 省）”可推知，第三段中的数字说明了作者认真对待这项研究。故选C。10.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.（但重要的是，它可以在谷子收获后播种。我们认为，这最有可能是中国北方 人开始种植小麦的原因）”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有一个可选择的播种 季节。故
20、选D。11.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Today China is the worlds biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasnt always that way.（如今，中国是世界上最大的小麦消费国。但事情并不总是这样的）” 以及第二段中“But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.（但人们对这 种转变发生的确切原因知之甚少）”可知，文章介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦 成为了主要农作物这种转变的原因。可知，故B选项“为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？ ”最
21、符合文章标题。故选B。3. DDAA【解析】【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项最新研究成果。研究人员研究出一种异种机器人，以非洲 爪蟾命名，可以四处走动并且可以自我复制。研究人员希望这些异种机器人能帮助更好地 理解生殖过程。12.细节理解题。根据第二段的The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles （粒子）placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots woul
22、d do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.（科学家们注 意到，这些有机体，异种机器人，会收集放在盘子里的任何颗粒并堆积起来。他们开始怀 疑这些微型机器人是否会对单个干细胞做同样的事情，所以他们进行了一项试验。）”可 答案第4页，共15页知，xenobot的收集能力鼓舞研究人员进行了这项试验。故选D。13.细节理解题。根据第三段的They discovered that a C” shape seemed to be the best. The C- shaped xenobots gathe
23、red individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms5 movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.（他们发现C”形似乎是最好的。这种 C 形 异种机器人将单个的干细胞聚集成一组，形成了自己的异种机器人。这种类型的繁殖是基 于这个有机体的运动，而不是像其他动物和植
24、物那样生长然后形成一个新的生物。尸可 知，关于C形异种机器人的再创能力，其特殊之处是它基于运动。故选D。14.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.（虽然大多数机器人是由金属制成的， 但机器人的定义不是根据它们的材料，而是由它们能做什么来定义的。）”可知，异种机器 人是通过它们的功能来定义机器人的。故选A。15.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Before now, Krie
25、gman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots.（在 此之前，哈佛大学的博士后研究员克里格曼说，“还没有人使用生命材料用作自动移动、自 动供电的机器人。可推断，这项研究可能会取得重大突破。故选A。16. CEFB17. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术疗法的概念以及其作用。16.根据上文“Oscar Wilde once said, Man is least
26、himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth. Art provides a way to communicate experiences when 答案第5页，共15页people lack verbal skills.（I尔德曾经说过：“当人以自己的身份说话时，就越不是他自己。 给他一个面具，他就会告诉你真相。”当人们缺乏语言能力时，艺术提供了一种交流经验的 方式）以及最后一段中“Art therapy is founded on the assumption
27、 that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.（艺术疗法建立在每个人都有创造力和自我表达能力的假设上）”可 知，上文提到人们把艺术当作一种交流经验的方式，后文则提到艺术疗法建立在自我表达 能力的假设上，故本句是在说明人们将艺术发展成了一种表达技巧。C选项中expressive 对应后文self-expressiono故C选项“他们把艺术发展成一种解决问题的表达技巧”最符合语 境，故选C。17.左艮据后文As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themsel
28、ves in non-verbal ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person*s mental state.（作为一种恢复性练习，它允许人们用非语言的方式表达自己，比如绘画。即使是45 分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态）”可知，后文提到创造性活动可以改变人的 精神状态，即艺术可以影响人的功能。故E选项“艺术疗法，以其自身的方式，可以影响一 系列的人类功能”最符合语境，故选E。18.根据上文“Even a 45-minute creative act
29、ivity can change a persons mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more（即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态。与艺 术治疗师一起工作甚至可以做得更多）”可知，上文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状 态，且与艺术治疗师可以做得更多，故本句是在说明艺术还能如何影响人的精神状态。故 F选项“它能显著增强积极情绪，提高幸福感”最符合语境，故选F。19.根据上文Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying a
30、bout their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about art and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself.（|、孩子通常会画画、 唱歌、跳舞，并不担心他们的能力。然而，成年人往往对艺术和艺术创作有复杂的感情。 他们开始评估自己的艺术质量，而不是关注自我表现本身）”可知，本句与上文构成因果关 系，指出成年人更关注自己的艺术质量的结果
31、创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了。故 B选项“因此，创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了”最符合语境，故选B。根据上文“What are art therapists9 superpower? They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being.（2术治疗师的超能力是什么？他们可以把危险的想法转化成富 有想象力的艺术品。例
32、如，有暴力倾向的人可能会通过打别人来发泄他们的愤怒）”以及后 文These artistic choices satisfy the brain*s desire fbr novelty without compromising personal safety.（这些艺术选择在不损害个人安全的情况下满足了大脑对新奇事物的渴望）”可知，本 句与上文构成转折，指出有暴力倾向的人是如何通过艺术治疗师的帮助，将精力转化成艺 术且不伤害别人的，故G选项“然而，在艺术治疗师的帮助下，他们的精力可以转化为创 造性的产品”最符合语境，故选GoCBD18. ABBD19. CADC20. ABCD【解析】【导语
33、这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名为女童子军的组织教授老年人使用智能手机并受 到了老年人的欢迎和赞扬。21.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手 机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However 然而；D. Besides 此外。根据前文Most young people are always on their phones, which may upset many people.及后文a group called Girl Scouts are receiving 2 for
34、 setting up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people”可知，两句话之间存在转折关系，所以要用 however来表示这种关系。故选C项。22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手 机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. service服务；B. praise赞美；C. invitation邀 请；D. donation捐款。根据下文这个女童子军组织为不懂如何解锁智能手机的老年人设立 了免预约诊所，所有应该受到老年人的赞美。故选B项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织
35、因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手 机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. keep保持；B. untie解开；C. share分享；D. unlock解锁。根据下文the secrets of their smart phones.”可知，这群女童子军组织为老年人 解锁智能手机。故选D项。24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基于她们的技术知识，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安 卓和苹果手机。A. technological技术 上的；B. medical医疗的；C. psychological心理上 的；D. physical 物理的。根据下文each Girl Scout was assigned
36、 to 5 different aspects of Android and Apple phones.”可知，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安卓和苹果手机，所以 是根据她们技术上的知识进行分工的。故选A项。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：基于她们的技术知识，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安卓 和苹果手机。A. record记录；B. teach教；C. recall回忆；D. investigate调查。根据下文 Some of the oldsters actually wanted to take part in e-commerce （电子商务），and needed help to 6
37、 a payment account on their smart phones while others simply had 7 when learning how to send messages to their family members.可知，每个女童子军被分配去教老年人使用智能手 机。故选B项。26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些老人真正想参加电子商务，他们需要帮助在他们的智能手机上建立一个支付账户；而另一些老年人仅仅是在学习如何给他们的家人发送消息方面有 困难。A. get back回来；B. set up建立;C. check out查看；D. pay off偿还。根据下文a
38、 payment account on their smart phones”可知，这些老人需要在他们手机上建立支付账户。故 选B项。27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些老人真正想参加电子商务，他们需要帮助在他们的智能手 机上建立一个支付账户；而另一些老年人仅仅是在学习如何给他们的家人发送消息方面有 困难。A. patience耐心；B. luck运气；C. fun有趣；D. trouble麻烦，困难。根据前文的语 境可知，这些女童子军在帮助老人们使用智能手机，只有老人在使用智能手机有困难时才 需要帮助。故选D项。28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名童子军成员说“我教一位年长的妇女如何发短信，她做
39、的第 一件事就是给女儿发信息。这多么甜蜜啊!这让我感到非常非常开心。”A. write写；B.phone 打电话；C. text 发信息；D. read 读。根据下文“and the first thing she did was to send a message to her daughter”可知，这名童子军成员是在教一位年长的妇女如何发短信。故选C 项。29.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一名童子军成员说“我教一位年长的妇女如何发短信，她做的 第一件事就是给女儿发信息。这多么甜蜜啊!这让我感到非常非常开心。”A. sweet甜蜜的；B. simple 简单的；C. rare 罕见的；D.
40、common 常见的。根据后文It just made me feel really, really happy.”可知，教年长的妇女如何发信息使这名童子军成员很甜蜜。故选A项。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在诊所结束时为所有的老年人安排集体课程一起复习外， 年轻人甚至打印了一些小册子和指南，让老年人带回家，以防困惑的老年人在未来遇到智 能手机的问题。A. play玩；B. live住；C. talk说话；D. review复习。结合语境可知，这群 童子军成员在活动结束时为所有的老年人安排集体课程一起复习他们所学到的手机使用技 能。故选D项。31.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了在诊所结束时
41、为所有的老年人安排集体课程一起复习 外，年轻人甚至打印了一些小册子和指南，让老年人带回家，以防困惑的老年人在未来遇 答案第9页，共15页到智能手机的问题。A. amazed惊讶的；B. experienced有经验的；C. confused困惑的；D. respected 受尊重白勺。申艮据后文“would encounter problems with their smart phones in the future可知，在未来遇到智能手机的问题的老年人，所以应该是感到困惑的老年人。故选 C项。32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了项目的成功后，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的 诊所。A.
42、success 成功；B. arrangement 安排；C. change 改变；D. pressure 压力。根据后文 “the girls hope to organize more 13 in the near future/9可知，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织 更多的诊所，所以该项目获得了成功。故选A项。33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了项目的成功后，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的 诊所。A. performances 表演；B. clinics 诊所；C. clubs 俱乐部；D. competitions 比赛。根据 前文“setting up their first wal
43、k-in clinic for elderly people/5可知，女孩们希望在不久的将来组 织更多的诊所。故选B项。34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾来过这家诊所的曾祖母南希说：“那些女孩太棒了，她们为我 们做好了准备，在回答我们的问题时态度非常成熟，她们值得称赞。”。A. organized组 织；B. managed 管理；C. visited 访问；D. funded 资助。根据后文“They were ready for us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions,可知，曾祖母南希曾经到访过这 家诊所
44、故选C项。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾来过这家诊所的曾祖母南希说：“那些女孩太棒了，她们为我 们做好了准备，在回答我们的问题时态度非常成熟，她们值得称赞。”A. needed需要；B.refused 拒绝；C. enjoyed 享受；D. deserved 应得的。根据前文“They were ready fbr us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions,可知，这群女孩们用非常成熟态度回 答南希们的问题，所以这些女孩应值得称赞。故选D项。36. has employedcollectedfor39 re
45、sponsibilities#responsibility1. What do Painswick Rococo Garden and Nymans Garden have in common?A.Valley views.B. Frosty flowers. C. Seasonal produce. D. Pet permission.Which garden favors people with walking disability?Painswick Rococo Garden.Nymans Garden.Ventnor Botanic Garden.Gibside Garden.3.
46、Where can the text be found?In a research paper.In a travel brochure.In a science magazine.In a geography textbook.Growing up, I was often the first Jewish person my classmates had ever met. I lived in Mississauga, Ontario, and was the only Jewish student in my grade一sometimes the only one in the wh
47、ole school. This difference set me apart.Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would labe
48、l me the “Jewish kid”.The real trouble always came as the local new years festival approached. I was Jewish and celebrated Hanukkah, not this festival. At school, on one day before the winter break, every class would sit in neat rows in the gym and sing songs from the festival. However, the music teacher sometimes played Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel, a Jewish festival song, and I would feel hundreds of eyes staring at my red cheeks. As my friends counted down the days until the festival, I counted the days until it was over and I could go back to feeling normal.Each
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