1、附 录附录A 外文文献原文Pair of dyadic clutch automatic transmission controls the systematic key technology1.1DCT starting control technique research current situationPretending to starting having DCT vehicle is to betoken the smooth mill that driven slices but to reach synchronisms by the clutch , process is
2、same as AMT starting. Synthesize current research result , track quality , be to improve main vehicle starting function approach by optimizing the clutch dynamics model , perfecting under the control of tactics that the clutch draws together and improving clutch actuating mechanisms.1.1.1 Dynamics m
3、odel time clutch startingDynamics model in clutch starting process is that the hereditary model and clutch carrying out the basis that clutch under the control of tactics studies , transferring regulation including that the clutch carrying out the organization dynamics model , drawing together proce
4、ss draw together the process dynamics model.The poplar army waits to charge liquid for moving the wet dyadic clutch actuating mechanism dynamics model having carried out the model having studied, and building the dynamics drawing together processs to the electricity. 16 book J such as Li Huan Song ,
5、 Zhang Jun Zhi , Shanghai hydrology and Ge An Lin etc. charges liquid for moving the course of work doing dyadic clutch actuating mechanism having carried out the model having analysed , building small advantages detailedly to the electricity. The thunder storm dragon makes use of interlinking to pu
6、rsue theory, dynamics model having built clutch actuating mechanism, pressure and driven have checked and the nonlinearity relation between axial deformation amounts according to the clutch betokens driven among the piece , revolution regulation delivery model in docking small side door process has
7、carried out analysis , has built the model drawing together the process dynamics on the basis here. Ye Ming , Qin Da Tong compose in reply the dynamics model that the seat army waits for to have built an electricity charging electric with no result dyadic clutch actuating mechanism by force.1.1.2 DC
8、T starting control technique valuation and development are dynamicShould track accuracy the starting function coming to optimize a clutch in three aspects from improving clutch dynamics model accuracy , perfecting clutch under the control of tactics and improving actuating mechanisms, be key , the p
9、erson various methods most, clutch under the control of tactics improving and perfecting appraises and develops development as follows.Theoretically, optimal control waits for the function synthesizing optimization method but making a clutch break the ice to reach the ideal effect setting up , the m
10、ethod synthesizing an optimization needs to build the accurate clutch dynamics model but , the parameter changes and the decision-making adjustment arousing in unadaptable control procedure. Be changed into a characteristic because the engine is dynamic when the function lags behind the sum clutch m
11、odels, the completely accurate building-up dynamics model is very difficult , change such as now and then, loading , blocking a place because the vehicle breaks the ice and makes clutch drive be that the middle parameter has an uncertainty, function having restricted optimal control.odel reference a
12、daptive control strategy can automatically adapt to the ground condition, and the state of the clutch, ensure the engine changes impact and friction work at reasonable range. But for the nonlinear and time-varying adaptive control system, the systems stability and robustness of the theoretical aspec
13、ts of imperfect not establish performance good adaptive control system.But the fuzzy control in the process of fuzzy parameters, the influence of the human factors of parameters, control rules and control target is ambiguous, not easy to adjust the parameters, the optimal control parameters are diff
14、icult. Together with genetic algorithm for better, etc, to start the clutch of membership functions of fuzzy controller is optimized. But the genetic algorithm.Optimization of larger workload, development cycle is long, the cost is high, the real car debugging. So the driver based on excellent opera
15、tion experiences, enrich the fuzzy control rules, on the basis of the study of how a number of debugging through, can obtain more optimal control method, it is urgent problems at present.Shift refers to choose what kind of shift control parameters, and when to shift. The shift will have a direct imp
16、act on the vehicle performance and fuel economy, comfortableness, is the optimal control system is one of the key technologies.2.1 The research status quo shiftThe main goal shift research is to obtain a manipulation of flexible, safe and reliable, dynamic performance and economic performance good s
17、hift. Summarizes the current research summary for the following four.The first kind is based on the experience of the shift, that is, through the study of excellent pilot shift to manipulate data, extract shift.According to the driver QinGuiHe cast to manipulate data transmission using BP neural net
18、work, and training, and extract optimum range of vehicles. In ShangXiaQing etc, on the basis of the original ECU increased the high speed digital signal processor (DsP, based on neural network transmission system, can obtain good drivers of on-line shift. HAYASHI fuzzy control, etc, and the neural n
19、etwork method is the best pilot shift to identify, based on the experience and improve the shift in the hills and vehicle braking condition. Practical engineering application, mitsubishi cars the company takes the lead in the application of neural network logic circuit, successfully developed to cho
20、ose the optimal variable range INVECS software system. The second kind is based on the constraints of shift, can also be called the traditional shift, usually based on the engine test data, using the regression analysis, interpolation method and neural network method to identify the system, establis
21、h the model of the engine. Then in the performance and fuel economy of constraint conditions, using graphical method or analytical method, the best performance or economic shift.The third is intelligent modified shift, which is based on the constraints of outstanding pilot shift, reference in climbi
22、ng, and other special sections turning the driving experience, using the fuzzy control technology, formulate corresponding control rules of traditional shift, revised, the most typical is to reduce the special advantage of pavement shift frequency. On the corners of gears selection problem was studi
23、ed, and the curve of fuzzy estimator is analyzed and the general type drivers in athletic corners of the shift operation, the corresponding operation characteristics of control rules. Proposes a range of decision-making model of fuzzy expert system was introduced, the methods for shift control rules
24、 and the simulation analysis, the advantages of this method is proved.A fourth is integrated intelligent shift, which based on the traditional shift, the pilot shift control reference excellent comprehensive consideration of the experience, driver type, driver intention, driving environments and au
25、tomobile driving condition, using the fuzzy control and neural network technology and intelligent control technology, generating a performance, fuel economy and to achieve emissions and other comprehensive performance and optimum drivers will shift.2.2 The shift of evaluation and developmentBased on
26、 the experience of the shift from the outstanding pilot shift operation process, when the driver type, driving environment and storage of the shift, the consistent automobile comprehensive performance is better, but the driver intention, the type, environment and vehicle can be combined from some ki
27、nd of state, by testing is hard to be achieved, not representative of individual test results.Compared with the traditional shift, intelligent modified shift in climbing, reduce automobile and special sections turning the shift frequency range, improving the quality of decision to shift into integra
28、ted intelligent direction.Integrated intelligent shift based on experience, based on comprehensive constraint condition and intelligent fixed shift. It not only improves the vehicle in the hills, turning on specific surface conditions, but also make full use of shift quality on the traditional shift
29、 conventional ideal situation of surface. Integrated intelligence is to realize the shift of driving cars, fuel consumption and emissions and other properties of the best way to excellent comprehensive, the development and application of the shift of orientation. From the following two aspects can i
30、mprove comprehensive intelligent shift.3.1 conclusionStart control strategy formulation, the shift of formulating and shift quality control system is the optimal method of core technology, equipment DCT vehicles power, economy and comfort has important effect.Starting from the clutches of dynamics m
31、odel, clutch engaging speed control strategy and clutch actuator track quality from three aspects, summarizes the DCT start control technology, and points out the research status of fuzzy control parameters, research methods, improve quickly optimal fuzzy control technique, the clutch is to improve
32、the performance of the main ways to start DCT.Summarized the research achievements of optimal shift quality, and pointed out the clutch on: should direct control of actuators instructions as research object, the comparison and analysis of the different control commands, finally get to shift quality
33、of each block comprehensive excellent quality and achieve shift, the numerical control commands list, Formulate electronic throttle control instructions executed motor, through the numerical tables, engine oil-supplied regulating powertrain system during the shift of comprehensive control, to shorte
34、n the time shift quality, optimizing the shift. Summarizes the DCT system simulation research achievements, analyses the hardware-in-the-loop simulation technology in the development process of optimal control system application method.附录B 外文文献翻译双离合器式自动变速器控制系统的关键技术1.1DCT起步控制技术的研究现状装有DCT车辆的起步是靠离合器主从动
35、片的滑磨而达到同步的，与AMT起步过程相同。综合当前的研究成果，通过优化离合器的动力学模型、完善离合器接合的控制策略及提高离合器执行机构的跟踪品质，是提高车辆起步性能的主要途径。1.1.1离合器起步时的动力学模型离合器起步过程中的动力学模型是进行离合器控制策略研究的基础，包括离合器执行机构动力学模型、接合过程中转矩传递的模型及离合器接合过程的动力学模型。杨树军等对电控液动湿式离合器执行机构动力学模型进行了研究，并建立了接合过程的动力学模型。李焕松、张俊智、申水文和葛安林等16书J对电控液动干式离合器执行机构的工作过程进行了详细分析，建立了相应的模型。雷雨龙利用键合图理论，建立了离合器执行机构的
36、动力学模型，并依据离合器主从动片间压力与从动盘轴向变形量之间的非线性关系，对接合过程中的转矩传递模型进行了分析，在此基础上，建立了接合过程的动力学模型。叶明、秦大同和席军强等建立了电控电动干式离合器执行机构的动力学模型。1.1.2 DCT起步控制技术的评价及发展动态应从提高离合器动力学模型的精度、完善离合器控制策略及提高执行机构的跟踪精度三方面来优化离合器的起步性能，离合器控制策略的完善最为关键，其各种方法的评价及发展动态如下。理论上，最优控制等综合优化方法可使离合器起步性能达到设定的理想效果，但综合优化方法需要建立精确的离合器动力学模型，且不适应控制过程中参数变化引起的决策调整。由于发动机动
37、态性能滞后和离合器模型的时变特征，建立完全精确的动力学模型十分困难，而且由于车辆起步时载荷、挡位等变化，使离合器传动系中参数具有不确定性，限制了最优控制的性能。模型参考自适应控制策略，可自动适应离合器状态、地面条件以及发动机的变化，确保冲击度和滑磨功处于合理的范围。但对于非线性时变的自适应控制系统而言，系统的稳定性、鲁棒性等方面的理论尚不完善不易建立性能较好的自适应控制系统。但模糊控制在其参数的模糊化过程中，受人为因素的影响较大，控制规则中参数特性与控制目标关系不明确，不易于参数的调整，获得较优的控制参数困难。齐占宁等利用遗传算法，对离合器起步模糊控制器的隶属度函数进行了优化。但遗传算法进行。
38、优化的工作量较大，开发周期长、成本高，不利于实车调试。因此基于优秀驾驶员的起步操纵经验，不断丰富模糊控制规则的基础上，研究如何通过少量的调试次数，即可获取较优控制参数的方法，是目前急需解决的问题。换挡规律是指选择什么样的换挡控制参数，在何时进行换挡。换挡规律的好坏直接影响车辆的燃油经济性、动力性及乘坐舒适性，是DCT控制系统的关键技术之一。2.1换挡规律的研究现状换挡规律研究的主要目标，就是获得一种操纵灵活、安全可靠、动力性能佳和经济性能好的换挡规律。总结当前的研究成果，可总结为以下四种。第一种是基于经验的换挡规律，即通过学习优秀驾驶员的换挡操纵数据，从中提取出换挡规律。秦贵和掣根据驾驶员的换
39、挡操纵数据，利用BP神经网络进行离线训练，提取出车辆状态与最佳挡位的对应关系。汤霞清等在原ECU的基础上，增加了高速数字信号处理器，建立了基于DsP的神经网络换挡系统，可实时在线获取优秀驾驶员的换挡规律。HAYASHI等利用模糊控制和神经网络方法，对优秀驾驶员的换挡规律进行辨识，建立了基于经验的换挡规律，提高了车辆在爬坡及制动工况时的性能。实际工程应用方面，三菱汽车公司率先应用神经网络逻辑电路，成功开发了能最优选择变速挡位的INVECS型软件系统。第二种为基于约束条件的换挡规律，也可称为传统的换挡规律，通常是基于发动机试验数据，利用回归分析、插值法、神经网络等系统辨识方法，建立发动机的模型。然
40、后在动力性和经济性约束条件下，利用图解法或解析法，获取最佳动力性或经济性换挡规律。第三种是智能修正的换挡规律，它是基于约束条件的换挡规律，参考优秀驾驶员在爬坡、转弯等特殊路段的驾驶经验，利用模糊控制技术，制定相应控制规则，对传统换挡规律进行修正，最典型的优点就是减少了特殊路面行驶时的换挡次数。对弯道情况的挡位选择问题进行了研究，设计了弯道模糊估计器，分析了运动型和一般型驾驶员在弯道运行时换挡的操作特征，制定了相应的控制规则。提出了一个挡位决策的模糊专家系统模型，详细介绍了获取换挡控制规则的方法，并进行了仿真对比分析，证明了该方法的优点。第四种是综合智能的换挡规律，即基于传统的换挡规律，参考优秀
41、驾驶员的换挡操纵经验，综合考虑驾驶员类型、驾驶员意图、行驶环境和汽车的行驶状态，利用模糊控制和神经网络技术等智能控制技术，生成一个可使动力性、燃油经济性、废气排放和其他性能达到综合最优且符合驾驶员意愿的换挡规律。2.2各种换挡规律的评价及发展动态基于经验的换挡规律是从优秀驾驶员的换挡操作过程中提取出来的，当驾驶员类型、行驶环境与存储的换挡规律相吻合时，汽车的综合性能较佳，但驾驶员意图、驾驶员类型、行驶环境和车辆状态可组合出若干种状态，逐一进行测试很难实现，个别测试结果并不具有代表性。与传统换挡规律相比，智能修正的换挡规律减少了汽车在爬坡、转弯等特殊路段的换挡次数，提高了挡位决策品质，为向综合智
42、能换挡规律方向转化奠定了基础。综合智能换挡规律综合了基于经验、基于约束条件和智能修正换挡规律的优点。它不仅提高了车辆在爬坡、转弯等特定路面情况下的换挡品质，而且充分利用了传统换挡规律在常规较理想路面情况时的优势。综合智能换挡规律是实现汽车的可驾驶性、燃油消耗、废气排放和其他性能达到综合较优的最佳途径，也是换挡规律发展和应用的方向。可以从以下两个方面来完善综合智能换挡。3.1 结论起步控制策略的制定、换挡规律的制定和换挡品质的改善方法是DCT控制系统的核心技术，对装备DCT车辆的动力性、经济性和舒适性有着重要的影响。从离合器起步时的动力学模型、离合器接合速度的控制策略及离合器执行机构的跟踪品质三个方面，总结了DCT起步控制技术的研究现状，并且指出：研究模糊控制参数的快速寻优方法，完善离合器的模糊控制技术，是提高DCT起步性能的主要途径。总结了提高DCT换挡品质的研究成果，并且指出：应直接以各离合器执行机构的控制指令为研究对象，对比分析不同控制指令时的换挡品质，最终得到使各挡位的换挡品质达到综合较优时，各执行机构控制指令的数值表；制定电子油门执行电动机控制指令的数值表，通过发动机的供油调节，实现换挡过程中动力传动系的综合控制，以缩短换挡时间，优化换挡品质。总结了DCT系统仿真方面的研究成果，分析了半实物仿真技术在DCT控制系统研发过程中的应用方法。
免费区 
