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1、副词及副词词组,一、副词的分类 方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly 程度副词：very，much，enough，almost 地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home 时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently 频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom， never 否定副词：no，not，neither，nor 疑问副词：where，how，why,二、副词的基本用法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时
2、间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 1. We should listen to our teacher carefully. 我们应该认真听老师讲课。 2. He is very happy today. 他今天非常高兴。,3. “What happened？” I asked，rather angrily. “发生什么事情了？”我相当生气地问。 4. In spring，I can see flowers everywhere. 在春天，我到处都能看到花。,1. (2014湖北高考)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _,
3、 “Dont be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her. A. dreadfully B. guiltily C .indirectly D. sharply 【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。句意:塞布丽娜刚说完,艾尔伯特就严厉地说“别那么小气”,并用手指着警告她。sharply“严厉地,毫不客气地”,符合句意。indirectly“间接地”;guiltily“内疚地”;dreadfully“可怕地”。,【高考链接】,2. (2014浙江高考)The aim of education is to teach young people to t
4、hink for themselves and not follow others_. A. blindlyB. unwillingly C. closelyD. carefully 【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意:教育的目的是交给年轻人要独立思考,不要盲目地跟随别人。blindly盲目地;轻率地,符合句意。unwillingly不乐意地; closely紧密地,亲密地;carefully仔细地。根据句意可知A项正确。,3. (2013辽宁高考)Everything seemed to be going_ for the first two days after I moved to New
5、 York. A. vividlyB. generally C. frequently D. smoothly 【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。句意:在我搬到纽约后的开始两天一切看起来都很顺利。A项表示“生动地”;B项表示“普遍地,大体地”;C项表示“频繁地”;D项表示“平滑地,顺利地”。,4.(2012福建高考)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _respected. A. especially B. equally C. naturally D. normally 【解析】选B。考查副词。句意：任何人，无论
6、是官员还是公交车司机,都应被同等尊重。especially尤其，特别；equally平等地；naturally自然地；normally正常地。故选B。,5. (2011全国卷II) It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is _ another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much,【解析】选A。句意：欣赏好的音乐是一回事，但是自己把它演奏好完全是另一回事。very修饰形容词、副词或分词形容词；much修饰形容词或副词的比较级、最高级，
7、也可修饰分词形容词或描述性形容词的原级。quite和rather都可修饰名词，但rather多用于贬义。句中another = another thing，结合语境，应用quite修饰名词。,6. (2011浙江高考) Ive been writing this report_ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly,【解析】选C。句意：在过去的两周里，我时续时断地写这个报告，可是这个报告明天就得交了。f
8、inally最终地；immediately立即, 马上；occasionally偶尔地；certainly肯定地。根据but it has to be handed in tomorrow及句意，可知正确答案应选C。,三、副词的位置 1. 在动词之前。 2. 在be动词、助动词之后。 3. 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。,注意：a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。例如： We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. 我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。 b. 方式副词well，badly，h
9、ard等只放在句尾。例如： He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。,4. 副词的排列顺序：1) 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位的在后。 2) 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词 连接。例如： Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些，仔细一些。,3) 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如： I dont know him well enough. 我不是很了解他。 There is enough food fo
10、r everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 有足够的食物供每个人吃。,1. (2014江西高考)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it_. A. nowhere B. however C. otherwise D. instead 【解析】选C。考查副词。句意:多谢你把我们领到这所房子,否则,我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise要不然,否则,符合语境;nowhere无处;however然而;instead代替。,【高考链接
11、】,2. (2014安徽高考)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, _ ,supply more jobs. A. however B. anywhere C. thereforeD. otherwise 【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们希望在市场这个地方将会起到更大的作用,因此提供更多的工作。根据句意本句前后是因果关系,故用therefore因此。however然而;anywhere任何地方;otherwise否则。,3. (2013福建高考)A society cannot b
12、e successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful _ if we do something to stop progress. A. eitherB. neitherC. too D. also,【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:如果一个社会丢弃了传统,它不会成功,但是如果我们做事情阻止了进步它也不能成功。either也,常用于否定句句末,符合题意。neither既不;(两者)都不;too也,常用于肯定句句末;also也,常放句中。,4. (2011安徽高考) _, I managed to get
13、through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently,【解析】选C。句意：庆幸的是，我终于打完了比赛，其中的辛苦没有白费。hopefully充满希望地；normally正常地；thankfully庆幸地；conveniently方便地。根据句意，故选C。,副词词组 副词词组指起副词作用的短语。 它常常包含一个介词，如by the way，one after another； 有时它包含一个名词或一个形容词，如this year，n
14、ext week，five days，a long time； 有时包含and或or，如again and again，sooner or later； 偶尔包含一些其他词，如sure enough，as usual。 它可以是非成语型短语，也可以是成语型短语。,1）介词+宾语(名词、动名词、疑问词+不定式、疑问词+从句、介词短语)： at Hong Kong，to the city； after meeting her，by travelling； on how to do it，about where to eat Philippine food； as to how they do it
15、，as to when young people should get married； till after lunch，from behind the door,2) 介词+名词+介词+宾语： in case of failure，by reason of his illness， by means of sweet words，on behalf of my country， in spite of the rain，in place of his position， in the light of his great work， with a view to helping the p
16、oor （这种“介词+名词+介词”是一个固定短语）,3) 副词+介词+宾语： together with John，along with his son， apart from his folly， out of the house， down to the modern times， agreeably to their instructions， conformably to his promise， aside from money （“副词+介词”也是固定短语）,4）副词+介词+名词： early in the day，sometime in the evening， late in
17、May，back in the Stone Age， far out at sea，beyond on the horizon， high up in the sky，out in the street,5）指示词+表示时间的名词： this week， next year，one day， each week，some day，every hour， that moment，this time（of year or day）， a moment，a Sunday， the moment（he shouted）， the day（John left Paris） （在指示词前in，on，at均
18、省略）,6）表示数目或数量的形容词+表示时间长度、距离、重量、价格等的名词： （for） three days，（for）all week， （for） a short moment, （for） five miles，（for） a long distance， three blocks, （for several） weeks，（for several） years, two pounds, 50 cents,7）名词+地点副词、形容词或定语短语（名词前的with省略）： face downward， partiality apart， my ankle swollen，my heart
19、beating fast， his mouth full of chocolate， his back against the wall 例如：A drunkard was lying in the street（with） face downward The bell hung from the ceiling，（with） its tongue still,8）介词+名词： in fact，in any case，by turns， at times 9）介词+形容词： in general，in short，above all，through thick and thin，after a
20、ll， for good， at best， at most，of old 10）各式各样的短语： Sunday morning，Tuesday evening，July 6, two days ago，three years later,1. (2014大纲版全国卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education. A. good B. betterC. bestD. the best 【解析】选D。考查固定短语。句意:Raymond的父母希望他能接受最好的教育。the best possible最好的,固定短语,作定语。例如
21、:They want to get the best possible price.他们想争取到最好的价格。,【高考链接】,2. (2012四川高考)I make $2,000 a week. 60 surely wont make _ difference to me. A. that a big B. a that big C. big a thatD. that big a 【解析】选D。考查副词。句意：我一星期赚2,000美元,60美元真的不会给我造成多么大的影响。that此处为副词，相当于so。根据结构“that+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”可知,应选D项。,兼有两种形式的副词
22、 1. close与closely close意思是“近”；closely 意思是“仔细地”。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。,【拓展延伸】,2. late 与lately late意思是“晚”；lately 意思是“最近”。例如： You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？,3. deep与deeplydeep意思是“深”，表示空间深度； deeply常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”。例如： He pus
23、hed the stick deep into the mud. 他把棍子深深插进泥里。 Even father was also deeply moved by the film. 甚至老爸也被电影深深打动了。,4. high与highly high表示空间高度； highly表示程度，相当于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。,5. wide与widely wide表示空间宽度； widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”。例如： He opened
24、the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。,6. free与freely free的意思是“免费”； freely 的意思是“无限制地”。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. 无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。,几组易混副词的比较 1. too much, much too too much所要表达的是much（多）的意思； much too所要表达的是too（太）的意思。 The teacher gave us too much homework today. I am much too pleased to
25、 see you.,2. so, such so作为副词，修饰形容词、副词； such作为形容词，修饰名词。 但如果such修饰的是单数可数名词，且该名词又被其他形容 词所修饰，即“such+a/an+形容词+单数名词”可转换为 “so+形容词+a/an+单数名词”。 He is such a good teacher that we all like him. =He is so good a teacher that we all like him.,当名词被many, much, few, little（注意：little作“少”，不作“小”讲）修饰时，应用so，即： so many/m
26、uch/few/little+名词 When learning to ride a bicycle, he got so many falls that he was black and blue all over.,3. fairly与 rather 1)不定冠词 a可放在rather 前或后，但只能放在fairly前。 a fairly good story a rather cold day/rather a cold day 2)rather 通常含有“不适当”之意， 而fairly通常含有“适当”之意。 Its fairly warm in spring. Its rather co
27、ld today.,【课堂训练】 Though he started late， Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if _Miss Liu. A. not better than B. not better C. no better than D. better,【解析】选A。考查副词的比较级。由选项中比较级better可知, Miss Liu前应有than, 排除B、D两项；not better than不比好；no better than跟一样都不好。由句意可知应选A项。,2. The questionnaire takes _ ten to fi
28、fteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview. A. mainly B. punctually C. approximately D. precisely,【解析】选C。考查副词。设空处句意为 “问卷大约需要10至15分钟完成”, 应选择approximately “大约地”，符合题意。 mainly “主要地”； punctually “准时地”；precisely “精确地”，均不符合题意。,3. I can _ be a teacher. Im not a very patien
29、t person. A. seldom B. ever C. never D. always 【解析】选C。考查副词。句意为：我绝不会成为一名教师。因为我不是一个很有耐心的人。seldom表示 “很少”；ever表示“永远”用在肯定句中；never表示 “绝不, 从来没有”；always 表示 “总是”。,4. Im certain Davids told you his business troubles. _, its no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank. A. However B. Anyway C. Therefore D
30、. Though 【解析】选B。however表转折；anyway=anyhow反正, 不管怎么说；therefore因此；though（连词）虽然, （副词）可是。句意：不管怎么说，他欠银行很多钱已经不是秘密了。,5. Have you been to New Zealand?No. Id like to, _. A. too B. though C. yet D. either 【解析】选B。考查副词though “可是, 然而”, 表转折的用法。根据上下两句的意思可知, 它们为转折关系。too/either都意为 “也”, too用在肯定句中, either用在否定句中；yet用在否定句和疑问句中, 通常用来谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事情。,6. You may use the room as you like _ you clean it up afterwards. A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if 【解析】选B。考查状语从句的连接词。句意：你可以按你的意愿使用这个房间，只要你之后打扫好。so long as只要，符合语境。,