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1、COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m
2、/l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-L3b 92 Obb2949 050b275 584 = r + 5-O C. TO C. . ) Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Performance Thomas A. Holm Alexander M. Vaysburd Editm SP-136 COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI Internat
3、ional (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-136 92 = 0662949 0506276 410 DISCUSSION of individual papers in this symposium may be submitted in
4、 accordance with general requirements of the AC1 Publication Policy to ACI headquarters at the address given below. Closing date for submission of discussion is July 1, 1993. All discussion approved by the Technicai Activities Committee along with closing remarks by the authors will be published in
5、the January/February 1994 issue of either AC1 Structural Journal or Joumai depending on the subject emphasis of the individual paper. The Institute is not responsible for the statements or opinions expressed in its publications. Institute publications are not able to, nor intended to, supplant indiv
6、idual training, responsibility, or judgment of the user, or the supplier, of the information presented. The papers in this volume have been reviewed under Institute publication procedures by individuais expert in the subject areas of the papers. Copyright 1992 AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTiTUTE P.O. Box 19
7、150, Redford Station Detroit, Michigan 48219 Ail rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed or written or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduc
8、tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. PMed in the United States of America Editoriai production Victoria Wiecmrek J Library of Congress catalog card number 92-75275 COPYRIGHT ACI International (America
9、n Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-LIb 92 Ob629
10、49 0506277 357 PREFACE This volume is a compilation of papers addressing the “Performance of Structural Lightweight Concrete“ presented at the November 14, 1991 technical session of the American Concrete Institute fall convention in Dallas, Texas. Planning for this symposium, sponsored by AC1 Commit
11、tee 213, “Structural Lightweight Aggregate,“ was in response to construction industry and engineering community interest in using structural lightweight concrete in severe environment applications. The immediate need for disseminating state-of-the-art information motivated the development of this tw
12、o session symposium. The speakers addressed topics ranging from fundamental laboratory studies to case histories of concrete performance. The papers include ap- plication of lightweight concrete for bridges, arctic structures, buildings and parking structures, aspects of structural design, productio
13、n and durability of lightweight concrete structures. We thank the authors for sharing their knowledge, and Messrs. John P. Ries and Dr. Theodore W. Bremiier for serving as session Co-chairmen. A special note of appreciation is directed towards the many session paper reviewers and to the support and
14、constructive suggestions offered by the 213 committee members and their chairman, David Akers. Thomas A. Holm Alexander M. Vaysburd Session Chairmen I iii COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concret
15、e Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-136 92 D Obb2949 0506278 293 D AC1 Coiiimittee 213 LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES AND LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE David J. Ake
16、rs Chairman Olga L. Aionzo Stanley G. Barton Paul M. Bercheny Theodore W. Bremner Philip M. Carkner Russell A. Cook Gary D. Courts David A. Crocker Calvin L. Dodl Frank G. Erskine John H. Faber Per Fidjestol Samuel B. Helms Thomas A. Holm William W.J. Hotaling David D. Imrie Donald W. Lewis Mark D.
17、Luther W. Calvin McCall Avi A. Mor Vladimir Novokshcheiiov iv John Pauley H. Kent Preston John P. Ries George M. Robinson Hariy C. Robinson Peter G. Snow Parviz Soroushian Alfred E. Spamer Jeffrey F. Speck Paul R. Stodola William X. Sypher Kenneth L. Teel Robert E. Tobin Samuel S. Tyson Rudolph C. V
18、alore, Jr. Alexander Vaysburd Linda F. Whitehead William J. Wilhelm John C. Wycoff Min-Hong Zhang COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文
19、件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-13b 92 Obb2949 050b279 L2T CONTENTS I . Preface . 111 HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE FOR ARCTIC APPLICATIONS-PART 1 byG.C.Hoff . 1 HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGA
20、TE CONCRETE byG.C.Hoff 67 FOR ARCTIC APPLICATIONS-PART 2 HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE by G.C. Hoff . 175 FOR ARCTIC APPLICATIONS-PART 3 THE ADVANTAGES OF USING LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE IN A MEDIUM RISE BUILDING AND by R. Trumble and L. Santigo . 247 ADJOINING POST-TENSIONED PARKING GARAG
21、E LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE BRIDGES FOR CALIFORNIA HIGHWAY SYSTEM by J.E. Roberts 255 LIGHTWEIGHT MICROSILICA (SILICA FUME) CONCRETE IN THE USA by M.D. Luther . 273 DURABILITY OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE AND ITS CONNECTIONS WITH THE COMPOSITION OF CONCRETE, by A.M. Vaysburd 295 HIGH DUCTILITY, HIGH STRENGTH
22、LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE by D.E. Berner 319 I DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION METHODS I V COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件
23、体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-13b 92 m Ob62949 050b280 941 m INFLUENCE OF COMPRESSIVE STRESS ON THE PERMEABILITY OF CONCRETE by T.W. Bremner, T.A. Holm, and J.M. McInerney . 345 FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR INCLUDING DUCTILITY OF
24、 HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE MEMBERS UNDER REVERSED CYCLIC LOADING by S.K. Ghosh, D.P. Narielwala, S.W. Shin, and J. Moreno 357 PORE STRUCTURE AND CARBONATION OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE AFTER 10 YEARS EXPOSURE by R.N. Swamy and E.D. Jiang 377 FATIGUE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE LIMIT OF LIGHTWEIGHT C
25、ONCRETE by V. Ramakrishnan, T.W. Bremiier, and V.M. Malhotra . 397 SI (metric) TABLES 421 INDEX . 423 COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Service
26、s 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-136 92 W Obb2949 050b28L 888 W SP 136-1 High Strength Lightweight Aggregate Concrete for Arctic Applications-Part 1 by G.C. Hoff SmoDsis: This paper is Part 1 of a three part
27、 paper which presents the results of a Joint Industry Project to develop high strength lightweight aggregate concretes for use in the Arctic. Described in Part 1 are the lightweight aggregate selection tests, high strength mixture development with the selected aggregates, batching procedures, unhard
28、ened properties of the 110 batches made during the program, and the temperature development of the mixtures in large sections of concrete. Both crushed and pelletized lightweight aggregates were used with supplementary cementing materials and high-range water reducers to produce concretes with compr
29、essive strengths from 8,000 psi (55 MPa) to 11,000 psi (76 MPa) . Also evaluated was the influence of pumping on the aggregate moisture content, slump, unit weight, air content, and concrete strength. The effects of the air void system in the hardened pumped concrete with respect to freezing and tha
30、wing durability and the drying behavior of a large section of concrete were also evaluated. Kevwords: Air entrainment; arctic concrete; blast furnace slag; cold weather construction; compressive strength; diying; fly ash; freeze thaw durability; harbor structures; high strength concretes; lightweigh
31、t mreeates; marine atmospheres; offshore structures; pumped concrete; silica fume; slump; temperature; tensile strength; unit weight 1 COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) License
32、d by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 2 Hoff I INTRODUCTION George C . Hoff, FACI, received his Doctorate in Civil Engineering from Texas A&M University. He has worked in the field of conc
33、rete and construction materials for 30 years and joined the Engineering Department of Mobil Research and Development Corporation 1982. He is the current Chairman of the American Concrete Institute Committee 357, Offshore and Marine Concrete Structures. The study of the use of high-strength lightweig
34、ht aggregate concrete for Arctic applications was a 3-112 year, 3 Phase effort conducted as a joint-industry project involving 11 companies (See ACKNOWLEDGMENTS). The complete results of the study can be found in (1, 2, and 3). A summary of results are presented in 3 parts in the Proceedings of this
35、 Symposium. Part 1, described herein, presents the study rationale, materials selection, mixture development, and unhard- ened concrete properties including temperature develop- ment and pumping considerations. Part 2 (4) presents the test results from the mechanical testing of the hardened concrete
36、s described in Part 1. These include strength and modulus, creep and shrinkage, permeability and absorption, thermal characteristics, ice bond development strength, and durability observations. Part 3 (5) presents the results from more complex structural parameter determinations to include stress ve
37、rsus strain behavior, multiaxial stress behavior, beam shear strength, bearing strength, shear-friction capacity, and reinforcement development length. The study also evaluated the effectiveness of coatings in reducing both the friction coefficient at the ice/structure interface of an offshore Arcti
38、c structure. As the coating study was not directly evaluating the high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete but only the coatings, it is not included in this 3 Part summary. The complete results of the coating study can be found in (3). This Part of the 3 Part summary presents the target concrete
39、 properties used throughout the program, the selection process for the lightweight aggregates, mixture development to meet the target properties, and the unhardened properties of the 110 batches of the concrete made over the duration of the program. The hardened properties from those batches are des
40、cribed in Parts 2 and 3 (4,5) of this paper. Once the final mixtures were selected for the program, the heat COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling
41、Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i u y x 866 A C 1 SP-136 92 0662949 0506283 650 Lightweight Concrete 3 development that each would produce in large sections of concrete was evaluated along with the effects of that heat o
42、n the compressive strength of the in-situ concrete. One mixture was selected for use in a field pumping tests using actual field pumping equipment. This test was used to evaluate the effects of pumping on the moisture content of the lightweight aggregate, the effects on slump, unit weight, and air c
43、ontent in the unhardened concrete, and the effects on both the compressive strength and air void system in the pumped concrete after it had hardened. A large section of concrete was also produced and evaluated with respect to rates of drying of the concrete. CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF CONCRETE IN
44、OFFSHORE ARCTIC S!l!RUCTRJZS Concrete has been proven as a durable, efficient, cost- effective construction material for offshore and marine structures in temperate and sub-arctic locations. It has also been seriously considered for developments in the Arctic because of its well-established record o
45、f providing adequate structural performance at extremely low temperatures. Two offshore exploration structures (6 and 7) for Arctic use have been built with light- weight aggregate concrete and successfully used in the arctic environment. The exploration and production structures being considered fo
46、r Arctic applications are usually bottomed-founded gravity base structures which function as a floating vessel until they are permanent- ly installed. For more information on these types of structures, the reader is referred to a detailed report (8) prepared by AC1 Committee 357, Offshore and Marine
47、 Concretes. Many unique considerations enter into the design, construction, installation, .and operation of a concrete structure for use in the Arctic that normally would not influence the structure if it were used in a more moderate climate. The first of these is that it cannot be economically buil
48、t close to where it will be used because of the extremely low temperatures that exist in the Region for most of the year. For structures that might be used in the United States and Canadian Arctic or the eastern Arctic of the Soviet Union, they would most likely be built in the Pacific Basin south o
49、f the Aleutian Islands and towed to their final location. Anticipated construction locations for those structures have access to lightweight aggregate sources. The second consideration is that the structure must have as much as possible of its operating equipment and COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 本文件原文页数较多，文件体积较大，无法上传。 如有需要请发站内信或e m a i l ：l i u y x 866163.c o m 联系人：草庐一苇：w w w .d o c i n .c o m /l i